General Survey & Skin Flashcards
what does general survey include?
overall physical and sexual development, apparent age with LOC, skin color, posture, gait, dress, grooming, hygiene, body build, behavior
when should you assess skin?
every patient encounter
ABCD Skin Assessment
Asymmetry, Irregular Border, Color, Diameter
risk factor of decubitus
poor circulation, hygiene, infrequent position changes, dermatitis, infection, and traumatic wounds
small flat spot, up to 1 centimeter, changes in skin color.
macule (ex. freckle, flat mole, bruise)
flat spot, 1 centimeter or larger, changes in skin color
patch
up to 1 centimeter; filled with serious fluid; palpable
vesicle (ex. herpes, shingles, chicken pox, poison ivy, 2nd degree burn)
1 centimeter or larger; filled with serious fluid; palpable
bulla (ex. large burns)
puss filled vesicle or bulla
pustules (ex. acne)
raised palpable small lesions up to 1 centimeter. red bumps
papule
elevated superficial lesions 1 centimeter or larger
plaque (ex. psoriasis)
marble-like lesion larger than 0.5 centimeter, often deeper and firmer than a papule
nodules (ex. lipoma, small tumors)
larger and deeper mass. bigger than 2 centimeters
tumor
a linear crack in the skin, often resulting from excessive dryness
fissure (ex athlete’s foot)
connective tissue that arises from injury or disease
scar
hypertrophic scarring that extends beyond the borders of the initiating injury
keloid
bruising
ecchymosis
piticii
bleeding of capillaries
if you press on the skin and it turns white, this is called:
blanching
bright red, flat vascular lesion
cherry angioma
balding
alopecia
cyanosis
turn blue, poor circulation
clustered around nerve root, doesn’t cross the midline
zosterform
central clearing with raised border
linear distribution (ex ringworm)
