General Surgery Terminology Flashcards
1
Q
Ablation
A
Surgical Removal of a thin layer of tissue from the body
2
Q
Adenoma
A
A benign adrenal gland tumor
3
Q
Adhesiolysis
A
Surgical cutting of adhesions (scar tissue)
4
Q
Adhesions
A
Fibrous (scar) tissue formed secondary to surgical injury
5
Q
Adrenalectomy
A
Removal of one or both adrenal glands
6
Q
AGB
A
Adjustable gastric band; a type of bariatric surgery
7
Q
AICD (or ICD)
A
Automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator
8
Q
Alimentary tract
A
Another term for the digestive (GI) tract
9
Q
Analgesic
A
Pain-relieving medication
10
Q
Anaphylactic shock
A
A severe drop in blood pressure caused by an allergic reaction
11
Q
Anastomosis
A
The surgical rejoining of remaining portions of the colon.
12
Q
Appendectomy
A
Surgical removal of the appendix
13
Q
APR
A
Abdominoperineal resection; also referred to as AP resection
14
Q
Arteriogram
A
An imaging technique used to visualize the lumen (inside) of a vessel or organ
15
Q
Arthroscopy
A
A minimally invasive surgical procedure for examination and/or treatment of a joint
16
Q
BPD/DS
A
Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch; a less common type of bariatric surgery
17
Q
CABG
A
Coronary artery bypass graft
18
Q
Cardiogenic shock
A
A severe drop in blood pressure caused by cardiac dysfunction
19
Q
CBC
A
Complete blood count
20
Q
Cecum
A
An intraperitoneal pouch found at the junction of the small and large intestine
21
Q
Cholecystectomy
A
Gallbladder removal
22
Q
Cholecystitis
A
Inflammation of the gallbladder
23
Q
Choledocholithiasis
A
Gallstones located in the bile duct
24
Q
Cholelithiasis
A
Gallstones located in the gallbladder
25
CMP
Comprehensive metabolic panel
26
Colectomy
Removal of all or part of the colon
27
Colostomy
Following a colectomy, the remaining portion of the colon is attached to an opening in the abdomen (Stoma), allowing waste to exit the body
28
Colostomy bag
A pouch worn outside the body that collects stool via an opening in the abdomen (stoma)
29
CXR
Chest x-ray
30
Debridement
The removal of damaged/necrotic tissue or foreign objects from a wound
31
Decompression
Opening or removal of bone to relive pressure from the spinal nerves
32
Duodenum
The most proximal portion of small intestine just beyond the stomach and leading into the jejunum
33
DVT
Deep vein thrombosis
34
EBL
Estimated blood loss
35
ECG (or EKG)
Electrocardiogram
36
EI
Endotracheal intubation
37
Endoscope
A flexible tube with a camera attached to the end of it; used for diagnostic purposes
38
Endoscopic surgery
A minimally invasive diagnostic tool used to view and biopsy internal organs and other body cavities
39
Endoscopic ultrasonography
An imaging procedure in which a device is inserted orally into the GI tract and sound waves are used to create a detailed picture of the small intestine
40
EUS
Endoscopic ultrasound
41
GI
Gastrointestinal
42
Hemicolectomy
Removal of the right or left portion of the colon
43
Hemorrhoidectomy
Hemorrhoid removal
44
Hemostasis
The stopping of bleeding
45
Hepatobiliary (HIDA)
An imaging procedure used to diagnose disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and bile
46
Scan
Bile ducts
47
Hernia
A portion of an organ or lipoma that has been pushed through a weakening of the abdominal wall.
48
Hypovolemic shock
A severe drop in blood pressure caused by too little blood volume
49
Hysterectomy
Surgical removal of the uterus
50
I & D
Incision and drainage
51
IBD
Inflammatory bowel disease
52
Ileoanal anastomosis
Following a proctocolectomy, a portion of the small intestine is used to create a pouch that is then attached to the anus, allowing waste to exit the body
53
Ileostomy
The remaining portion of the small intestine is attached to an opening in the abdomen (stoma), allowing waste to exit the body
54
Ileum
The third, more distal portion of the small intestine lying between the jejunum and cecum
55
Jejunum
The portion of small intestine lying between the duodenum and ileum
56
Laminectomy
Removal of a portion of the vertebral bone called the lamina
57
Laparoscopic surgery
A minimally invasive surgical technique in which a fiber-optic telescope (laparoscope) and long-handled instruments are inserted into the abdominal cavity through small ports to perform various procedures
58
Lipoma
Fatty tissue
59
LMA
Laryngeal mask airway
60
Lumpectomy
Removal of a tumor and some surrounding tissue from the breast
61
Mammogram
An imaging technique that uses low-energy x-rays to examine breast tissue.
62
Mastectomy
Removal of one or both breasts
63
Maxillofacial
Relating to the face and mandibles
64
Myomectomy
Surgical removal of uterine fibroids
65
Neoplasia
An unspecified growth of abnormal tissue in the body
66
Neurogenic shock
A severe drop in blood pressure caused by damage to the nervous system
67
Oophorectomy
Surgical removal of one or both ovaries
68
Osteotomy
A surgical procedure in which bone is cut to shorten it, or change its alignment
69
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas
70
PCI
Percutaneous coronary intervention
71
PE
Pulmonary embolism
72
Perioperative
Relating to the three phases of surgery: preoperative, intraoperative (or operative), and postoperative
73
Peritoneum
Serous membrane lining the interior of the abdominal cavity and exterior of the abdominal organs; prevents organs and other tissue from sticking together
74
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum (abdominal wall lining)
75
Pheochromocytoma
A hormone-producing adrenal gland tumor; often benign
76
Polydipsia
Excessive thirst
77
Polypectomy
Surgical removal of polyp (s)
78
PPS
Persistent perineal sinus
79
Proctocolectomy
Removal of the colon and rectum
80
Resection
Surgical removal of all or part of an organ or gland
81
RYGB
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; a type of bariatric surgery
82
Salpingectomy
Surgical removal of fallopian tube
83
Septic shock
A severe drop in blood pressure caused by infections
84
Sigmoid colon
The S-shaped distal third of the large intestine, leading into the rectum
85
SSI
Surgical site infection
86
Sterile technique
Surgical procedures practiced to ensure patient safety and reduce the risk of microbial transmission
87
Stoma
Hole or opening
88
Surgical mesh
A medical device used to provide additional support to weakened or damaged tissue
89
Thyroidectomy
Removal of all or part of the thyroid
90
TURP
Transurethral resection of the prostate
91
UA
Urinalysis
92
Undermining
To surgically separate the skin and/or mucosa from its underlying tissue to allow for stretching to close a defect or wound.
93
VSG
Vertical sleeve gastrectomy; a type of bariatric surgery
94
WBC
White blood cell
95
Whipple Procedure
A surgical procedure in which parts of the pancreas, duodenum, common bile duct, and/or stomach are removed; also called a pancreaticoduodenectomy
96
-centesis
Surgical puncture
97
-clasis
Surgically broken or fractured
98
-desis
Surgical binding
99
-ectomy
Surgical excision/removal
100
-lysis
Separation, destruction, or loosening by cutting
101
-ostomy (or stomy)
Surgical creation of a hole or opening
102
-otomy (or tomy)
Surgical incision
103
-plexy
Surgical fixation
104
-plasty
Surgical modification or reshaping
105
-rrhaphy
Surgical strengthening/reinforcement
106
-scopy
Surgically-assisted visual examination
107
-tripsy
Surgical crushing
108
Lipitor
Atorvastatin
109
Aspirin, Aspirin 81
Aspirin (ASA)
110
Pletal
Cilostazol
111
Persantine
Dipyridamole
112
Plavix
Clopidogrel
113
AKA
Above-the-knee amputation
114
Anesthesia
The medication used to sedate the patient and keep the patient medically stable throughout surgery; administered by a specialist called an anesthesiologist
115
Ankle-brachial index (ABI)
A study used to evaluate the extent of a patient's peripheral artery disease
116
Aortic dissection
Occurs when the wall of the aorta starts to peel apart, which thins out the wall of the aorta and increases the patient's risk for developing an aortic rupture
117
Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)
Abnormal connections between arteries and veins
118
AV
Arteriovenous
119
Biopsy
Taking a physical sample of tissue and examining it under the microscope to determine whether there is cancerous/diseased tissue present
120
CEA
Carotid endarterectomy
121
CKD
Chronic kidney disease
122
Claudication
Fatigue, discomfort, cramping, or pain of vascular origin in the muscles of the lower extremities consistently induced by exercise and relieved by rest
123
Critical limb ischemia
More than 2 weeks of ischemic rest pain, nonhealing wound/ulcer, or gangrene in one or both legs attributable to arterial occlusive disease
124
CTA
Computed tomography angiography
125
CTEPH
Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension
126
CTPA
Computed tomography pulmonary angiography
127
Dorsalis pedis (DP) pulse
The pulse felt on the back side (dorsal side) of the patient's foot
128
DVT
Deep vein thrombosis
129
ESRD
End-stage renal disease
130
Fistula
A tunnel-like structure that connects two different structures; in vascular surgery, a fistula is often artificially created to assist with hemodialysis access
131
Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)
A solution provided to the patient during surgery who is requiring fluid replacement
132
Fusiform
Enlargement that is wider in the middle and tapers towards the end. In vascular surgery, this is used to describe an aneurysm
133
International Normalized Ratio (INR)
A test to evaluate how fast the patient clots a bleed; often ordered prior to surgery. The higher the number, the longer it takes for blood to clot.
134
IPL
Intense pulsed light
135
MRA
Magnetic resonance angiography
136
MRV
Magnetic resonance venography
137
Packed red blood cell (pRBC)
Blood packs that are used to replace lost blood during surgery
138
PAD
Peripheral arterial disease
139
PE
Pulmonary embolism
140
Posterior Tibialis (PT) pulse
The pulse felt on the inside (medial side) of the patient's foot behind the malleolus.
141
Postoperative day or date
A term often used in the first sentence of the HPI followed by the number of days since surgery. Example: 54-year-old male s/p uncomplicated total colectomy POD 14 presents for follow-up.
142
Pruritis
Itching
143
Saccular aneursym
A sac-like outpouching of an artery
144
Screening imaging
Imaging performed on a patient who does not have the disease but may be at risk for acquiring the disease but may be at risk for acquiring the disease; often performed based on USPSTF guidelines, but specialists also have their own sets of guidelines or practice preferences and may choose to be more aggressive or less aggressive than USPSTF guidelines.
145
TCAR
Trans-carotid artery revascularization
146
Telangiectasia
Small, dilated blood vessels located near the surface of the skin; also called spider veins
147
TKA
Through-the-knee amputation
148
TMA
Transmetatarsal amputation
149
Toe-brachial index (TBI)
A study similar to ABI used when the results of the ABI is >1.4
150
Type and cross
A test to determine the patient's blood type
151
VTE
Venous thromboembolism.
