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General Surgery > General Surgery Terminology > Flashcards

General Surgery Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Ablation

A

Surgical Removal of a thin layer of tissue from the body

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2
Q

Adenoma

A

A benign adrenal gland tumor

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3
Q

Adhesiolysis

A

Surgical cutting of adhesions (scar tissue)

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4
Q

Adhesions

A

Fibrous (scar) tissue formed secondary to surgical injury

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5
Q

Adrenalectomy

A

Removal of one or both adrenal glands

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6
Q

AGB

A

Adjustable gastric band; a type of bariatric surgery

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7
Q

AICD (or ICD)

A

Automated implantable cardioverter defibrillator

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8
Q

Alimentary tract

A

Another term for the digestive (GI) tract

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9
Q

Analgesic

A

Pain-relieving medication

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10
Q

Anaphylactic shock

A

A severe drop in blood pressure caused by an allergic reaction

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11
Q

Anastomosis

A

The surgical rejoining of remaining portions of the colon.

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12
Q

Appendectomy

A

Surgical removal of the appendix

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13
Q

APR

A

Abdominoperineal resection; also referred to as AP resection

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14
Q

Arteriogram

A

An imaging technique used to visualize the lumen (inside) of a vessel or organ

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15
Q

Arthroscopy

A

A minimally invasive surgical procedure for examination and/or treatment of a joint

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16
Q

BPD/DS

A

Biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch; a less common type of bariatric surgery

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17
Q

CABG

A

Coronary artery bypass graft

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18
Q

Cardiogenic shock

A

A severe drop in blood pressure caused by cardiac dysfunction

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19
Q

CBC

A

Complete blood count

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20
Q

Cecum

A

An intraperitoneal pouch found at the junction of the small and large intestine

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21
Q

Cholecystectomy

A

Gallbladder removal

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22
Q

Cholecystitis

A

Inflammation of the gallbladder

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23
Q

Choledocholithiasis

A

Gallstones located in the bile duct

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24
Q

Cholelithiasis

A

Gallstones located in the gallbladder

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25
Q

CMP

A

Comprehensive metabolic panel

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26
Q

Colectomy

A

Removal of all or part of the colon

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27
Q

Colostomy

A

Following a colectomy, the remaining portion of the colon is attached to an opening in the abdomen (Stoma), allowing waste to exit the body

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28
Q

Colostomy bag

A

A pouch worn outside the body that collects stool via an opening in the abdomen (stoma)

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29
Q

CXR

A

Chest x-ray

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30
Q

Debridement

A

The removal of damaged/necrotic tissue or foreign objects from a wound

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31
Q

Decompression

A

Opening or removal of bone to relive pressure from the spinal nerves

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32
Q

Duodenum

A

The most proximal portion of small intestine just beyond the stomach and leading into the jejunum

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33
Q

DVT

A

Deep vein thrombosis

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34
Q

EBL

A

Estimated blood loss

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35
Q

ECG (or EKG)

A

Electrocardiogram

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36
Q

EI

A

Endotracheal intubation

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37
Q

Endoscope

A

A flexible tube with a camera attached to the end of it; used for diagnostic purposes

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38
Q

Endoscopic surgery

A

A minimally invasive diagnostic tool used to view and biopsy internal organs and other body cavities

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39
Q

Endoscopic ultrasonography

A

An imaging procedure in which a device is inserted orally into the GI tract and sound waves are used to create a detailed picture of the small intestine

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40
Q

EUS

A

Endoscopic ultrasound

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41
Q

GI

A

Gastrointestinal

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42
Q

Hemicolectomy

A

Removal of the right or left portion of the colon

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43
Q

Hemorrhoidectomy

A

Hemorrhoid removal

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44
Q

Hemostasis

A

The stopping of bleeding

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45
Q

Hepatobiliary (HIDA)

A

An imaging procedure used to diagnose disorders of the liver, gallbladder, and bile

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46
Q

Scan

A

Bile ducts

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47
Q

Hernia

A

A portion of an organ or lipoma that has been pushed through a weakening of the abdominal wall.

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48
Q

Hypovolemic shock

A

A severe drop in blood pressure caused by too little blood volume

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49
Q

Hysterectomy

A

Surgical removal of the uterus

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50
Q

I & D

A

Incision and drainage

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51
Q

IBD

A

Inflammatory bowel disease

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52
Q

Ileoanal anastomosis

A

Following a proctocolectomy, a portion of the small intestine is used to create a pouch that is then attached to the anus, allowing waste to exit the body

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53
Q

Ileostomy

A

The remaining portion of the small intestine is attached to an opening in the abdomen (stoma), allowing waste to exit the body

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54
Q

Ileum

A

The third, more distal portion of the small intestine lying between the jejunum and cecum

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55
Q

Jejunum

A

The portion of small intestine lying between the duodenum and ileum

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56
Q

Laminectomy

A

Removal of a portion of the vertebral bone called the lamina

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57
Q

Laparoscopic surgery

A

A minimally invasive surgical technique in which a fiber-optic telescope (laparoscope) and long-handled instruments are inserted into the abdominal cavity through small ports to perform various procedures

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58
Q

Lipoma

A

Fatty tissue

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59
Q

LMA

A

Laryngeal mask airway

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60
Q

Lumpectomy

A

Removal of a tumor and some surrounding tissue from the breast

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61
Q

Mammogram

A

An imaging technique that uses low-energy x-rays to examine breast tissue.

62
Q

Mastectomy

A

Removal of one or both breasts

63
Q

Maxillofacial

A

Relating to the face and mandibles

64
Q

Myomectomy

A

Surgical removal of uterine fibroids

65
Q

Neoplasia

A

An unspecified growth of abnormal tissue in the body

66
Q

Neurogenic shock

A

A severe drop in blood pressure caused by damage to the nervous system

67
Q

Oophorectomy

A

Surgical removal of one or both ovaries

68
Q

Osteotomy

A

A surgical procedure in which bone is cut to shorten it, or change its alignment

69
Q

Pancreatitis

A

Inflammation of the pancreas

70
Q

PCI

A

Percutaneous coronary intervention

71
Q

PE

A

Pulmonary embolism

72
Q

Perioperative

A

Relating to the three phases of surgery: preoperative, intraoperative (or operative), and postoperative

73
Q

Peritoneum

A

Serous membrane lining the interior of the abdominal cavity and exterior of the abdominal organs; prevents organs and other tissue from sticking together

74
Q

Peritonitis

A

Inflammation of the peritoneum (abdominal wall lining)

75
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

A hormone-producing adrenal gland tumor; often benign

76
Q

Polydipsia

A

Excessive thirst

77
Q

Polypectomy

A

Surgical removal of polyp (s)

78
Q

PPS

A

Persistent perineal sinus

79
Q

Proctocolectomy

A

Removal of the colon and rectum

80
Q

Resection

A

Surgical removal of all or part of an organ or gland

81
Q

RYGB

A

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; a type of bariatric surgery

82
Q

Salpingectomy

A

Surgical removal of fallopian tube

83
Q

Septic shock

A

A severe drop in blood pressure caused by infections

84
Q

Sigmoid colon

A

The S-shaped distal third of the large intestine, leading into the rectum

85
Q

SSI

A

Surgical site infection

86
Q

Sterile technique

A

Surgical procedures practiced to ensure patient safety and reduce the risk of microbial transmission

87
Q

Stoma

A

Hole or opening

88
Q

Surgical mesh

A

A medical device used to provide additional support to weakened or damaged tissue

89
Q

Thyroidectomy

A

Removal of all or part of the thyroid

90
Q

TURP

A

Transurethral resection of the prostate

91
Q

UA

A

Urinalysis

92
Q

Undermining

A

To surgically separate the skin and/or mucosa from its underlying tissue to allow for stretching to close a defect or wound.

93
Q

VSG

A

Vertical sleeve gastrectomy; a type of bariatric surgery

94
Q

WBC

A

White blood cell

95
Q

Whipple Procedure

A

A surgical procedure in which parts of the pancreas, duodenum, common bile duct, and/or stomach are removed; also called a pancreaticoduodenectomy

96
Q

-centesis

A

Surgical puncture

97
Q

-clasis

A

Surgically broken or fractured

98
Q

-desis

A

Surgical binding

99
Q

-ectomy

A

Surgical excision/removal

100
Q

-lysis

A

Separation, destruction, or loosening by cutting

101
Q

-ostomy (or stomy)

A

Surgical creation of a hole or opening

102
Q

-otomy (or tomy)

A

Surgical incision

103
Q

-plexy

A

Surgical fixation

104
Q

-plasty

A

Surgical modification or reshaping

105
Q

-rrhaphy

A

Surgical strengthening/reinforcement

106
Q

-scopy

A

Surgically-assisted visual examination

107
Q

-tripsy

A

Surgical crushing

108
Q

Lipitor

A

Atorvastatin

109
Q

Aspirin, Aspirin 81

A

Aspirin (ASA)

110
Q

Pletal

A

Cilostazol

111
Q

Persantine

A

Dipyridamole

112
Q

Plavix

A

Clopidogrel

113
Q

AKA

A

Above-the-knee amputation

114
Q

Anesthesia

A

The medication used to sedate the patient and keep the patient medically stable throughout surgery; administered by a specialist called an anesthesiologist

115
Q

Ankle-brachial index (ABI)

A

A study used to evaluate the extent of a patient’s peripheral artery disease

116
Q

Aortic dissection

A

Occurs when the wall of the aorta starts to peel apart, which thins out the wall of the aorta and increases the patient’s risk for developing an aortic rupture

117
Q

Arteriovenous malformation (AVM)

A

Abnormal connections between arteries and veins

118
Q

AV

A

Arteriovenous

119
Q

Biopsy

A

Taking a physical sample of tissue and examining it under the microscope to determine whether there is cancerous/diseased tissue present

120
Q

CEA

A

Carotid endarterectomy

121
Q

CKD

A

Chronic kidney disease

122
Q

Claudication

A

Fatigue, discomfort, cramping, or pain of vascular origin in the muscles of the lower extremities consistently induced by exercise and relieved by rest

123
Q

Critical limb ischemia

A

More than 2 weeks of ischemic rest pain, nonhealing wound/ulcer, or gangrene in one or both legs attributable to arterial occlusive disease

124
Q

CTA

A

Computed tomography angiography

125
Q

CTEPH

A

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension

126
Q

CTPA

A

Computed tomography pulmonary angiography

127
Q

Dorsalis pedis (DP) pulse

A

The pulse felt on the back side (dorsal side) of the patient’s foot

128
Q

DVT

A

Deep vein thrombosis

129
Q

ESRD

A

End-stage renal disease

130
Q

Fistula

A

A tunnel-like structure that connects two different structures; in vascular surgery, a fistula is often artificially created to assist with hemodialysis access

131
Q

Fresh frozen plasma (FFP)

A

A solution provided to the patient during surgery who is requiring fluid replacement

132
Q

Fusiform

A

Enlargement that is wider in the middle and tapers towards the end. In vascular surgery, this is used to describe an aneurysm

133
Q

International Normalized Ratio (INR)

A

A test to evaluate how fast the patient clots a bleed; often ordered prior to surgery. The higher the number, the longer it takes for blood to clot.

134
Q

IPL

A

Intense pulsed light

135
Q

MRA

A

Magnetic resonance angiography

136
Q

MRV

A

Magnetic resonance venography

137
Q

Packed red blood cell (pRBC)

A

Blood packs that are used to replace lost blood during surgery

138
Q

PAD

A

Peripheral arterial disease

139
Q

PE

A

Pulmonary embolism

140
Q

Posterior Tibialis (PT) pulse

A

The pulse felt on the inside (medial side) of the patient’s foot behind the malleolus.

141
Q

Postoperative day or date

A

A term often used in the first sentence of the HPI followed by the number of days since surgery. Example: 54-year-old male s/p uncomplicated total colectomy POD 14 presents for follow-up.

142
Q

Pruritis

A

Itching

143
Q

Saccular aneursym

A

A sac-like outpouching of an artery

144
Q

Screening imaging

A

Imaging performed on a patient who does not have the disease but may be at risk for acquiring the disease but may be at risk for acquiring the disease; often performed based on USPSTF guidelines, but specialists also have their own sets of guidelines or practice preferences and may choose to be more aggressive or less aggressive than USPSTF guidelines.

145
Q

TCAR

A

Trans-carotid artery revascularization

146
Q

Telangiectasia

A

Small, dilated blood vessels located near the surface of the skin; also called spider veins

147
Q

TKA

A

Through-the-knee amputation

148
Q

TMA

A

Transmetatarsal amputation

149
Q

Toe-brachial index (TBI)

A

A study similar to ABI used when the results of the ABI is >1.4

150
Q

Type and cross

A

A test to determine the patient’s blood type

151
Q

VTE

A

Venous thromboembolism.

General Surgery (3 decks)

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