General surgery Flashcards
What is a total colectomy and give 2 example of complication for this surgery
Surgeon will make an incision in the belly and remove the whole of the large intestine and sew the small intestine to the rectum for reasons such as colon cancer tumors or chronic constipation.
Leakage of stool from where the seal between the small intestine and rectum have been attached which can lead to infection. Also, scarring can occur between the small intestine and the rectum which can lead to a blockage in the intestine.
What is a sigmoid colectomy and a risk
an operation to remove the left side of the colon which is called the sigmoid colon. Which may be performed for people who have colon cancer or Crohn’s disease performed by laparoscopic key hole surgery.
there is a risk that the wound may leak after the surgery which may cause infection.
What is a hemi-colectomy and risk
This is an operation to remove one half of the colon, usually the right. This is done usually for people who have colon cancer or other non-cancerous conditions.
there is a risk that the bowel may leak after the surgery is completed which can be rectified why a drain being put in place and the patient being put on antibiotics. Also, there is a risk that there may be a twist or ‘kink’ in the intestine in which case would cause a blockage
What is a ileostomy and risk
an operation where the small intestine is diverted through an opening in the abdomen. The small intestine is then connected to a bag which will collect waste products which would have usually then passed through the large intestine and on to the rectum. This procedure is done for people with colon inflammation, cancer or when complex surgery needs to be performed on the rectum or anus.
There may be a risk of a blockage in the small intestine or complications with the bag
What is a anterior resection and risk
This is an operation to remove some or all of the rectum for people who are suffering with rectal cancer or a disease and is usually performed by laparoscopic surgery.
there may be complications with the connection between the remaining rectum and the bowel where it may leak. Also there may be difficulties with the bowel functioning after the surgery and may take some time to work properly again.
What is a appendectomy and risk
Usually an emergency operation to remove an appendix which has become inflamed or burst. This can be done by laparoscopic technique or by a larger incision in the abdomen.
Abscess can form after the surgery but the most common risk is wound infection .
What is a pancreatectomy
Surgical removal of the pancreas and if it is total it usually is removed along with other structures such as the spleen and gall bladder. Usually performed on people who have cancer of the pancreas or have experience trauma to the pancreas and need the whole or part of it removed. It can be done by keyhole or large incision.
there is a risk of delayed gastric emptying or post operative bleeding.
What is a gastrectomy
Removal of part or all of the stomach. This may be conducted for a number of reasons such as inflammation, tumors, bleeding and even to aid weight loss in obese people.
there are many risks associated such as acid reflux, diarrhea, nausea, leaking stomach acid.
What is a whipples procedure
This when the head of the pancreas, the gallbladder, part of the duodenum which is the uppermost portion of the small intestine, a small portion of the stomach called the pylorus, and the lymph nodes near the head of the pancreas are all removed by the surgeon.
the main complication after the surgery is delayed gastric emptying and also infection can occur.
What is a Cholecystectomy
This is the total removal of the gall bladder which is usually conducted due to painful gallstones. It can be performed by laparoscopic surgery or complete open surgery .
Risks include leakage of bile into the abdomen or blood clots forming.
What is Hernia repairs
A hernia is a bulging of organs or tissues through the wall that it is contained in. The surgery is performed to correct this and repair any damage caused.
What is a Nephrectomy
This is when one of the kidneys is removed due to disease or to be used as a donor for someone else. LAPAROSCOPIC surgery is usually used.
Infection or bleeding
