General Standards Flashcards
1
Q
If unsupervised, you must have a license to legally work with restricted pesticides, but not to work with state-limited pesticides
A
False
2
Q
To legally perform structural pest control, you must have a license regardless of the kinds of pesticides you use
A
True
3
Q
Which is not an agency that shares responsibility for pesticide applicator training, certification and licensing?
A
Texas AgriLife Research
4
Q
Which License must be obtained by a person who wants to perform pest control as an employee of a privately owned apartment building or hospital?
A
Noncommercial license from the SPCS
5
Q
To work for hire, using restricted or state limited pesticides on another person’s land, you must have:
A
A commercial license from the TDA
6
Q
All licensed commercial and noncommercial applicators must be certified in each application category in which they practice
A
True
7
Q
Wood preservation is not among the TDA application categories
A
True
8
Q
Seed treatment is a SPCS application category
A
False
9
Q
Which of the following state agencies is not involved in pesticide regulation?
- TDA
- Texas AgriLife
- Texas Commission on Evironmental Quality
A
Texas AgriLife
10
Q
Under the Texas Pesticide Law, pesticides used in this state must be registered with TDA, even if they are already registered with the EPA
A
True
11
Q
___ ____ is your responsibility to inform nearby residents or adjacent landowners before you apply pesticide
A
Prior Notification
12
Q
In addition to state government, even county commissioners courts may set rules on the use of certain pesticides
A
True
13
Q
Even with a commercial applicator license, you must still obtain a spray permit before using regulated herbicides
A
True
14
Q
Specialty fertilizer in containers with capacities of 50 lbs or less that are labeled for ornamental and turf use are exempt from classification as state-limited-use pesticides or regulated herbicides
A
True
15
Q
The Texas Structural Pest Control Act requires you to give public notice at least __ hours before commencing indoor pesticide treatments
A
48
16
Q
Which agency enforces the Texas Solid Waste Disposal Act?
A
Texas Commission of Environmental Quality
17
Q
What is the full name and acronym of the federal agency that regulates pesticide?
A
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
18
Q
What is the full name and acronym of the law used to manage pesticide?
A
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
19
Q
The EPA must consult the Office of Pesticide Programs prior to a pesticide may be marketed in the US
A
False
20
Q
As defined by FIFRA, applicators who violate the law unintentionally are subject to ____ penalties, while applicators who intentionally violate the law are subject to ____ penalties
A
Civil, Criminal
21
Q
Does FIFRA allow prison terms for criminal violators?
A
Yes. Up to 30 days for private applicators and up to 1 year for commercial applicators
22
Q
What are regulations?
A
Interpretations of law that have the same force as law
23
Q
What is meant by reentry interval?
A
The time directly after treatment that workers may not enter the treated area
24
Q
Warnings of pesticide application must be given in writing to workers
A
False
25
What is EPA's pesticide registration decision based on?
Their evaluation of test data provided by the manufacturer
26
If the EPA decides that a pesticide poses a risk, what can the EPA do? (3)
- Require longer pre-harvest intervals
- Set restrictions on the frequency of application and rates
- Cancel or suspend use of the pesticide
27
Which federal agency sets food tolerances for pesticides?
EPA
28
Which federal agency enforces food tolerances for pesticide?
FDA
29
What is the purpose of the tolerance program?
To ensure that US consumers are not exposed to unsafe pesticide residue levels in food
30
Which act is administered by EPA to manage all solid hazardous waste?
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
31
How can triple-rinsed, used pesticide containers be disposed of?
In an EPA approved sanitary landfill
32
What kind of pesticide standards does FIFRA allow states to establish?
Stricter than federal standards
33
Which agency administers the Hazard Communication Standard?
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
34
Pesticide applicators generate waste during normal work operations. Are triple-rinsed used containers considered "regulated waste?"
No
35
Regulations interpreting the Transportation Safety Act are contained in 49 CFR. What do these regulations cover?
All safety aspects of transporting hazardous materials
36
What is the act SARA Title III designed to do?
Inform communities of hazardous chemicals in the area and provide for community emergency response plans in the event of an accident
37
What is an endangered species?
A plant or animal that is in danger of extinction throughout all or much of its range
38
Which federal agency determines what species are endangered?
Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) of the Department of the Interior
39
Who ultimately bears the responsibility of protecting endangered species from pesticides?
The applicator
40
_____ is the capacity of a substance to injure or poison a living system, such as a human being, an animal, a lake, or a forest
Toxicity
41
What is pesticide exposure?
Coming in contact with a pesticide
42
____ _____ refers to how poisonous a pesticide is after short term exposure
Acute Toxicity
43
____ _____ is a one-time or short-term contact with pesticide
Acute Exposure
44
___ ____ is a delayed poisonous effect from exposure to a substance
Chronic toxicity
45
___ _____ is a long term repeated contact with a pesticide
Chronic Exposure
46
The effects of which type of exposure can be more easily detected and studied?
Acute
47
A pesticide dose is the ____ of pesticide to which a surface, plant or animal is exposed
Amount
48
Name the three routes by which pesticide can enter your body
- Dermal
- Oral
- Inhalation
49
Some pesticides are poisonous no matter how they enter your body
True
50
Which pesticide solution is most likely to be absorbed through the skin?
Oil-Based
51
Which areas of the body absorb pesticides quickly? (4)
Eyes, ears, scalp, genitals
52
Which two pesticide routes of entry are likely to be the most important to you?
- Dermal
| - Inhalation
53
Which factors affects the toxicity of a pesticide? (3)
- Route of entry
- Frequency and duration of exposure
- Dose Received
54
An example of a chronic effect is the drop in ___, an essential body enzyme, caused by organophosphates and carbamates
Cholinesterase
55
___ effects occur at the site of contact with a pesticide while ____effects occur away from the point of contact
Local, Systemic
56
Skin rash, nausea, eye irritation, and dizziness are examples of ____ effect
reversible
57
LD50 means "Lethal Dose Fifty." It refers to the amount of a chemical that kills ____ the animals exposed to it in a laboratory test
50%
58
The smaller the LD50 value, the less chemical required to be fatal, so the more poisonous the pesticide
True
59
Acute oral toxicity and acute dermal toxicity and measured as LD50. The higher the LD50, the ____ toxic the pesticide
Less
60
How is LD50 used?
LD50 is used with other tests to place pesticides in a "toxic category" and give them a "signal word"
61
LC50 means "Lethal ____ 50." It refers to the amount of chemical in the air that caused half of the test animals to die when they inhaled it.
Concentration
62
6 milligrams per kilogram is equal to ____ parts per million
6PPM
63
What signal word must be on the label for pesticides classified as "relatively non-toxic"
CAUTION
64
What signal word must be on the label for pesticides classified as "highly toxic?"
DANGER
65
What signal word must be on the label for pesticides classified as "moderately toxic?"
WARNING
66
The toxicity of a substance is its ability to cause injury, while ____ is the risk or chance that harm will come from using the pesticide.
Hazard
67
Is a highly toxic material always very hazardous?
No. If a highly toxic material is handled properly, it could actually pose low risk or hazard
68
Most pesticide deposits remain on the surface for a very long time
False
69
Residues are only found on target crops and surfaces
False
70
A _____ is the maximum amount of pesticide residue allowed on a harvested crop, set by the EPA
Tolerance
71
Can a harvested crop contain more than the set tolerance of a pesticide and still be legally sold?
No
72
What margin of safety does the EPA use to set tolerances?
100 times
73
Food may have no residues at all because the residues may have degraded or the crop may have been treated with a minimum dose of a pesticide
True
74
Soil and plant surfaces may contain pesticide residue even when they are not directly sprayed with the pesticide
True
75
EPA sets two kinds of tolerances: _____ Tolerances for pesticides that indirectly contact food; ______ Tolerances for pesticides applied directly to food
Negligible residue, Finite
76
No pesticide may be bought, sold, or used in the US until it has federal registration for the product, the use, and the label
True
77
Sometimes even small environmental changes can greatly reduce the chances of survival for fish and wildlife
True
78
When a pesticide evaporates and moves off target, this is called ____ _____
Vapor Drift
79
Does pollution or reentry interval influence drift?
No
80
Why should honeybees be protected?
Because their work as pollinators is necessary for crop production
81
Pesticide residues can build up in the bodies of animals, including man
True
82
Only pesticides that are applied incorrectly are likely to move downward with rain and irrigation water into the water table below
False
83
A pesticide becomes a pollutant and potentially dangerous when it is applied at a higher does than recommended on the label or when it drifts off target
True
84
How should you change pressure to reduce liquid droplet drift?
Reduce pressure to increase droplet size
85
What are the possible consequences of pesticide drift onto forage and pastureland or into drinking water? (3)
- Injury
- Damage
- Contamination
86
Pesticide pollution can help a pest you are trying to destroy by killing predators and parasites of the pest
True
87
An ____ is a geologic formation of permeable rock, sand, or gravel that stores large amounts of water
Aquifer
88
Why are aquifers important?
Drinking water
89
What is the name given to the complex prey/predator cycle in which all animals take part?
Food Chain
90
The best protection against groundwater pollution is:
Preventing Contamination
91
At what level is man in the food chain?
Near the top
92
An ____ pesticide is one that builds up in an animal and plant tissues
Accummulative
93
A ____ pesticide is one that remains in the environment without breaking down
persistent
94
Even though persistent pesticides remain in the environment, they do not always accumulate in animals or plants
True
95
An ____ ______ is a plant or animal that is near extinction throughout all or most of its range
endangered species
96
What 3 processes cause pesticides to break down after application?
- Photodegradation
- Microbial degradation
- Chemical degradation
97
Pesticides that degrade ______ in the environment are the least hazardous
Quickly
98
Reading and understanding pesticide labels are why accidents occur
False
99
If you or your partner feel sick on the job, you should still try to finish the job
False
100
How should you clean your washing machine after laundering pesticide soiled clothing?
Run a complete, but empty cycle using hot water and detergent
101
The safest way to move pesticides is in the back of a truck that has a steel bed with enclosed sides and a tail gate
True
102
You should wear a wide-brimmed hat when you are exposed to drift
True
103
You should store all clean protective equipment and clothing separately from stored pesticides
True
104
When you plan to work with pesticides, where should you look for information about the protective clothing you need?
On the pesticide label
105
During pesticide handling, you should wear both gloves and boots made of chemical-resistant material
True
106
You should wear protective clothing when you are exposed to pesticide drift, but hardly ever when you are mixing and filling pesticides
False
107
When filling a spray tank, you should always stand with your head above the container and the filling hole of the spray tank
True
108
If a nozzle clogs up while you are spraying pesticides, the best way to clear it is to blow the nozzle out with your mouth
False
109
If the pesticide is not too toxic, it is okay to let children and pets play in the area while you are spraying there
Never let children or pets play in a treatment area during spraying
110
When you are spraying near bee colonies, it is up to the owners alone to keep bees out of your way or to remove the bees
False
111
How can you prevent accidents commonly caused by equipment? (4)
- Choose the safest equipment for your application needs
- Do not allow children or unauthorized people near pesticide equipment
- Operate equipment correctly
- Maintenance
112
Regardless of the reentry interval stated on the label, you may reenter a treated site after sprays dry, dusts settle and vapors disperse
False
113
What is the most common cause of pesticide poisoning for applicators
Skin contact
114
When should you wear elbow-length chemical resistant gloves?
When handling any pesticide, except certain fumigants and relatively non-toxic products
115
Why not use cotton or leather gloves when handling highly toxic pesticides?
Because they absorb pesticide and hold it close to your skin
116
You must always wear a chemical-resistant suit when handling highly toxic pesticides
True
117
How often should you wash your contaminated overalls?
Daily
118
Should you ever wash the inside of your boots?
Yes, after each use
119
When is it necessary to wear goggles or a full face shield? (3)
- Whenever pesticide could contact your eyes
- When you pour or mix concentrates
- When you work with a highly toxic spray or dust
120
Are cotton or felt hats adequate head protection against highly toxic pesticides?
No
121
How do you know if a respirator is necessary?
If the label says so
122
When must you always wear a respirator?
Whenever mixing or filling highly toxic pesticides
123
Applicators who will be constantly exposed to small amounts of toxic pesticides for a day or several days should wear a respirator
True
124
What is the main drawback of cartridge respirators?
Leakage around the face shield
125
Gas masks are used when the applicator will be exposed to toxic fumes in heavy concentrations or for long time periods
True
126
When should you replace the filter on your respirator?
When it becomes dirt or breathing becomes difficult
127
How often should you change the cartridges on your respirator?
Every 8 hours
128
To safely clean and store your respirator: Wash the face piece with detergent and warm water. Rinse. Wipe dry with clean cloth. Store in a tightly closed plastic bag
True
129
You should work in pairs when handling highly toxic pesticides
True
130
If you wash your face and hands first, it is alright to have a snack or tobacco while you are on the job
True
131
You may wear pesticide-soaked clothing again, without laundering, as soon as the clothing dries
False
132
Cholinesterase tests show whether you have been overexposed to ____ or _____ pesticides
Carbamate, Organophosphate
133
You should wash your gloved hands before removing the gloves
True
134
Natural rubber protects against
Dry formulations
135
The symptoms of pesticide poisoning are very different from other types of poisoning
False
136
A person exposed often to small amounts of toxic material over a long time usually shows the same poisoning symptoms as a person exposed suddenly to a large amount of toxic material
True
137
Because each chemical family can attack the body differently, the symptoms of pesticide poisoning are not all the same
True
138
What are the symptoms of mild poisoning? (3)
- Headache
- Fatigue
- Sore throat
139
The symptoms of mild poisoning are similar to the early symptoms of acute poisoning
True
140
Fever, intense thirst, vomiting, muscle twitches, pinpoint pupils, unconsciousness are all signs of _____ poisoning
Acute
141
What are the 3 major chemical families of insecticide?
- Organophosphates
- Carbamates
- Chlorinated Hydrocarbons
142
What is the very first thing you do when someone has been poisoned?
Make sure they are breathing and call an ambulance or doctor
143
Your doctor should know which pesticides you normally use so he or she can obtain the ___ and keep it on hand
Antidote
144
If poison is on the victims skin or in his eyes, it is most important to wash the victim with large amounts of running water
True
145
When someone inhales poison, wear an air supplied respirator if necessary to protect yourself and immediately carry the victim to fresh air.
True
146
If a person has swallowed a poison, you should make him vomit, except when:
The victim is unconscious, in convulsions, or swallowed a corrosive/petroleum product
147
In many cases, swallowed poisons can be absorbed by _____ _____, which is mixed with water into a thick syrup for the victim to drink
Activated charcoal
148
Atropine tablets can be poisonous if misused. You should never use them to prevent poisoning
True
149
Delirium is a sign of shock
False
150
Gently shaking a victim to keep him conscious is a treatment of shock
False
151
What is the best source for important information on all types of poisonings and their treatment
Poison Control Centers
152
IPM is an anti-pesticide approach to pest control
False
153
The 4 basic steps of Agricultural IPM are ____ tactics, monitoring, assessment, and ____ tactics
Preventive, Remedial
154
Carrying out control measures is part of the assessment in IPM
False
155
Proper identification of a pest is important because: (3)
- it allows you to treat the source of the problem, not the symptom
- avoid injury to non-target organisms
- helps you select the right pesticide
156
The 4 basic steps of structural IPM are _____, _______, _______, and ______
- inspection
- assessment
- action
- reinspection
157
A _____ is any chemical used to control pests
Pesticide
158
Insecticide is just another work for pesticide
False
159
How does a systemic insecticide act on a pest?
A systemic flows inside a treated plant and kills the pest when the pest eats the plant
160
The effects on beneficial insects is a primary concern when choosing a broad spectrum insecticide
True
161
Contact insecticides offer safety advantages in homes, while residual insecticides are useful when the insects are a constant problem
True
162
Miticides are very similar in action and application to:
Insecticides
163
Of the two types of fungicides, _____ prevent plant diseases and ______ cure plant disease.
Protectants, Eradicants
164
Eradicants often are used: (3)
- When protectants are too expensive
- When protectants have not been applied on time
- When a disease breaks out unexpectedly
165
Would you choose a selective or nonselective herbicide for weed control in a park?
Selective
166
With herbicide applications, preplant means before the desired vegetation is planted. ______ means before the weeds appear and ______ means after both desired vegetation and weed appear.
Preemergence, Postemergence
167
What kind of chemical is used to alter the plant itself?
Growth Regulator
168
Tiny worm-like organisms are called:
Nematodes
169
A ______ inhibitor kills immature insects by interfering with their growth and molting
Chitin synthesis
170
Insect growth regulators attack a growth process found only in insects so these chemicals are generally harmless to humans and other vertebrates
True
171
Although repellants should be used according to their labels, they are not registered like other pesticides with the EPA
False
172
The words "Keep Out of Reach of Children" must appear on all pesticide labels
True
173
If a pesticide label has no instructions about protective equipment, that means you need no protection while using the pesticide
False
174
Even if your intended use is not listed on a pesticide label, it is legal to use the pesticide anyway when you are sure it will work
False
175
Although the EPA registers pesticide labels, it does not require manufacturers to submit labels for registration
False
176
Many common chemical names exist but only those officially accepted by EPA may be included on a label's ingredient list
True
177
Products with the signal word "DANGER" may also have a skull and crossbones symbol and the word _____ in red
Poison
178
You should always read the label before you ____ pesticide, before you mix pesticide, before you ____ and before you store or dispose of pesticide
Buy, Apply
179
Legal disposal steps are required for both the pesticide and the pesticide container
True
180
When a pesticide is mixed with solvents, wetting agents, stickers, powders, granules, etc...The finished product is call:
Formulation
181
WP
Wettable powder
182
EC
Emulsifiable concentrate
183
D
Dust
184
G
Granules
185
Which pesticide formulation is most often used in households, back yards, and other small areas?
Aerosol
186
Why are dust formulations usually not used outdoors on a large scale?
They may drift away from the target area
187
For which type of job are dusts not often used?
To treat recreational turf areas
188
Poisonous bait formulations are used to control centipedes and millipedes
False
189
Why are poisonous baits often used in small amounts?
Baits are needed only where pests gather
190
Granular formulations are made of larger, more uniform particles than dusts
True
191
What advantage do granules have over dusts and sprays? (3)
- They drift less
- Application is simpler
- They penetrate dense foliage better
192
Why wouldn't you choose a granular if you were going to treat a tree or lettuce crop
Not enough will stick to the leaves
193
Why choose a low concentration liquid formulation if you want to be sure to get the right mixture?
it is ready to be sprayed as purchased
194
What formulation would you use if you wanted little visible residue and only moderate agitation?
Emulsifiable concentrate
195
Which formulation is very hazardous because it is highly concentrated and absorbed easily by the skin?
Emulsifiable concentrate
196
What is the difference between emulsifiable concentrate and dry flowable?
Flowables start as solids, Emulsifiable concentrates start as liquids
197
Would you choose an EC or WP if phytotoxicity might be a problem?
WP
198
You should wear a respirator when mixing soluble or wettable powders
True
199
What formulation would you choose if you wanted to penetrate cracks, soil, burrows, and enclosed areas?
Fumigant
200
Which is not a disadvantage of fumigants?
- can be applied only to enclosed areas
- difficult to apply
- may be toxic enough to require full protective gear
Difficult to apply
201
Which pesticide formulations must be diluted before they are applied?
WP and EC
202
When is the best time to add pesticide to the spray tank?
Immediately before application
203
Mixing is the time when you are most likely to be exposed to pesticide poisoning
True
204
Through which routes of entry are you likely to be exposed during pesticide mixing?
Inhalation and Dermal
205
______ devices keep spray mixture in the tank from escaping back through he hose into a water source
Antisiphoning
206
When you empty a pesticide container, you should rinse it out at least 3 times
True
207
You can mix all types of pesticides together without an problem
False
208
What does chemical compatibility mean?
Mixing the pesticide will not reduce their effectiveness
209
How can you find out if two pesticides are compatible?
Read the label
210
An _______ is a chemical added to the pesticide mixture that makes an active ingredient more effective
Adjuvant
211
For what kind of job would you use a spreader sticker?
For treatment of waxy leaf surfaces
212
The most hazardous activities involving pesticides are mixing and loading concentrates
True
213
For most pesticide sprays, what is the recommended water pH level?
4-6
214
When a pesticide is spilled accidentally, what should you do first?
Contain the spill
215
How much wettable powder would you put in a 450 gallon tank, given directions to add 3 lbs WP per 100 gallons of water
13.5 lbs
216
How much wettable powder would you put in an 80 gallon tank, given the directions to add 3 lbs WP per 100 gallons of water
2.4 lbs
217
How much EC would you put in a 300 gallon tank, given directions to add 3 pints EC per 100 gallons of water?
9 pints
218
How much EC would you put in a 50 gallon tank, given directions to add 3 pints EC per 100 gallons of water?
1.5 pints
219
If 1 lb of WP is recommended per 100 gallons of water, how many tablespoons of WP would you add to 1 gallon of water?
1 tablespoon
220
If 2 pints of EC are recommended per 100 gallons of water, how many teaspoons of EC would you add to 1 gallon of water?
2 teaspoons
221
How much does 100 gallons of water weigh?
830 lbs
222
How much does 100 gallons of kerosene weigh?
660 lbs
223
How many gallons of 25% EC (with 2 lbs of pesticide per gallon) would you add to a 50 gallon tank to get a 1% active ingredient mixture?
2.075 gallons
224
How many pounds of 25% WP must you add to 100 gallons of water to get a 1% active ingredient mixture?
33.2 lbs
225
A sprayer is a type of support equipment
False
226
What must you consider in choosing pesticide application equipment for a job? (3)
- Working conditions and type of target
- Pesticide formulations
- Possible problems
227
Dusters are commonly used by gardeners and pest control operators for spot treatment of plants or small areas
True
228
Seeders and fertilizer spreaders often can be used to apply granules without adjustments
True
229
A fogger is a good equipment choice when there is a sensitive area nearby and the wind is low
False
230
Which type of sprayer would you probably choose to treat a small garden in a residential area?
Hand-operated sprayer
231
In general, only homeowners have good use for hand-operated sprayers
False
232
If you had to treat a large athletic complex containing several soccer fields and water was not easily available, what type of sprayer would you choose?
Low-pressure boom sprayer
233
What sprayer would you use if the pesticide was formulated only as a wettable powder and the target site had dense foliage?
High-pressure sprayer
234
Does a hydraulic sprayer have low pressure or high pressure?
High Pressure
235
What type of sprayer would you use with a WP formulation to treat an oak tree in a backyard?
High pressure
236
Which type of sprayer is more likely to cause you to injure sensitive vegetation or wildlife by overdosing with concentrated pesticide?
ULV
237
You must increase pressure ______ times to double the flow rate
4
238
From what materials may nozzles be made? (4)
- Brass
- Plastic
- Ceramic
- Stainless steel
239
Among nozzle materials, brass is the least resistant to wear
True
240
What is the function of spray nozzles? (3)
- Regulate the flow of liquid
- Atomize the liquid stream
- Spread droplets in a specific pattern
241
Worn nozzle tips produce poor spray patterns and _____ flow rates than new nozzles
Higher
242
You should replace a used nozzle when its flow rate varies ____ % or more from a new nozzle
5
243
A sprayer should be cleaned after ____ day(s) of use
each
244
When cleaning a sprayer, you should fill and flush the tank with water at least ____ times before using a cleaning solution
two
245
Even when you have the right mixture in your sprayer tank, you can still apply the wrong amount of pesticide
True
246
Once your sprayer is calibrated, its delivery rate will remain constant
False
247
If your sprayer delivers less spray to an area than you want it to, how would you change the rate? (3)
- Increase pressure
- Reduce ground speed
- Change to larger nozzles
248
What must you measure to calibrate granular application equipment?
The weight of the granules spread over a known area
249
You must calibrate granular application equipment each time you change granular products
True
250
How many sq ft in one acre?
43,560
251
32oz of water was collected from 1 spray nozzle in 30 seconds. What is the nozzle delivery rate in gallons per minute?
.5 GPM
252
How many sq ft could you treat with a hand sprayer holding 1 gallon, given it takes 4 ounces of the spray mix to treat 100 sq ft
3,200 sq ft
253
Nozzle discharge rate and sprayer calibration should be checked with clean water before adding pesticide
True
254
Wind can actually help reduce air pollution during an inversion
True
255
Weather-wise applications can help you save money by saving the pesticide lost through _____ and _____.
Drift, Runoff
256
Windy day application increases hazard to you and bystanders
True
257
If pesticide drifts onto a nontarget area, causing injury or economic loss, the applicator is legally responsible
True
258
Why must spray applications dry onto a surface before rain?
So rain doesn't cause runoff of the pesticide
259
What harm can pesticide runoff do? (3)
- Harm nontarget plants
- Harm wildlife
- Pollute water
260
What weather factors reduce drift? (3)
- Lack of wind
- Lack of humidity
- Low temperature
261
What conditions make early morning or evening a good time for application?
Wind speed is lower and humidity is higher than other times of day
262
When does an inversion occur?
When the surface air is cooler than the air above it
263
What problems result from buying more pesticide than you can use? (3)
- Storage and disposal
- Loss of pesticide effectiveness during storage
- Unnecessary handling risks
264
What is the proper way to dispose of surplus concentrated pesticide? (2)
- If it is unopened, return it to the manufacturer
| - Give it to another certified applicator to use
265
If you rinse out an empty pesticide container three times, you can use it for another purpose
False
266
What should you do with rinsewater if you can't add it to the tank mix?
Apply it to a site with a similar pest problem
267
How should you dispose of empty cardboard fungicide containers?
Read the label
268
How do you dispose of empty metal, glass, or plastic containers?
Try to return the for recycling
269
_____ seals the pesticide container so that leaking of dangerous chemicals does not occur in the final disposal
Encapsulation
270
Certain methods of incineration are acceptable for pesticide disposal
True
271
Burial of surplus pesticides and empty containers is one of the preferred disposal methods
False
272
Which federal and state laws regulate pesticide disposal methods? (3)
- FIFRA
- RCRA
- Clean air act
273
To triple-rinse a pesticide container, you should completely fill the container with diluent for each rinse
False
274
The risk of water pollution from burial of empty containers is less than the risk of air pollution from incineration
False
275
How can you prevent pesticide waste surplus? (3)
- Buy only the amount of pesticide you need
- Calibrate equipment
- Reuse rinsate
276
What type of pesticide container should not be punctured for disposal
Aerosol
277
Why should you dispose of pesticide waste in an EPA approved sanitary landfill rather than a municipal dump?
EPA approved landfills meet federal standards of construction and operation
278
In case of fire in your storage area, what should fire fighters wear?
Air-supplied respirators and chemical resistant clothing
279
How should you treat collected runoff?
As surplus pesticide
280
Why is a good supply of soap and water a "must" in any pesticide storage area?
To make decontamination and clean up possible
281
Why should the storage area be kept cool?
To stabilize flammable chemicals
282
Why should herbicides be stored in a special place apart from other pesticides?
They can vaporize and spread into adjacent pesticides
283
How should you organize the disposal section of your storage area?
By chemical family
284
What should you do when you find that one of your pesticide containers is corroding?
Put it in a larger container that can be sealed and relabeled
285
How should you store open containers of chlorates?
You shouldn't store them at all
286
If a customer asks for a little of your tank mix and hands you a glass jar, it is alright for you to give him some as long as you warn him carefully
False
287
Materials used to absorb a spill should be treated the same as pesticide waste
True
288
Besides meeting legal requirements, how can pesticide application records help you? (3)
- In case of a damage suit, records can establish proof of proper pesticide use
- Records can help you trace residue and damage problems
- Records can help you make the most efficient and effective use of pesticides, thereby saving time and money
289
When is the best time to fill out a record sheet?
In the field
290
Filling out standard forms
Helps you make sure you get all the necessary data
291
If you apply a pesticide and the wind carries it off-target, are you liable even though you tried to be careful
Yes
292
If the site you applied to is damaged, even though you followed the directions and dosages on the label, who could be liable? (4)
- You
- Dealer
- Manufacturer
- Property owner
293
Is pesticide application legally considered an ultra-hazardous activity?
Yes
294
Can you be sued for applying pesticides to the wrong target site, even if no damage is done?
Yes
295
What is the legal standing of bees killed while "visiting" a sprayed field?
The bees are considered trespassers if you gave prior notice to adjacent land owners. Otherwise, you may be liable for for harm to the bees
296
From a legal standpoint, pesticide equipment and containers that are left where children can find them are considered:
an attractive nuissance
297
What should you do if someone accuses you of pesticide misuse?
Take notes and photos to document conditions at the site, Identify witnesses. Notify your insurance company
298
Good advertising is least essential for good public relations?
True
299
Who can best advise you on your insurance needs?
Insurance agents with a degree in agribusiness
300
The outer protective covering of plants and arthropods that aids in preventing moisture loss
Cuticle
