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PA531 Patient Evaluation > General/Skin/Abdominal Exam > Flashcards

General/Skin/Abdominal Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Signs of Pain (5)

A
  1. grimacing
  2. diaphoretic
  3. guarding
  4. crying
  5. moaning
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2
Q

Signs of Cardiopulmonary Insufficiency (4)

A
  1. labored breathing
  2. wheezing
  3. coughing
  4. cyanotic
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3
Q

Signs of Anxiety/Depression (4)

A
  1. facial expressions
  2. fidgeting
  3. crying
  4. sighing
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4
Q

Stature and Build (4)

A
  1. Build
  2. general body proportions
  3. symmetry of body features
  4. posture
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5
Q

Marfan Syndrome is at higher risk for what?

A

Aortic Aneurysm

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6
Q

What does tripoding mean?

A

Hands on knees for support - usually associated with labored breathing

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7
Q

Body Movements and Mobility (4)

A
  1. restless/quiet
  2. involuntary movements
  3. immobile body parts
  4. gait
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8
Q

Manner and Mood (5)

A
  1. paranoia
  2. mania
  3. schizophrenia
  4. dementia
  5. depression
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9
Q

Mental Alertness, Orientation, Awareness (6)

A
  1. awake and alert
  2. understand and answer questions
  3. respond in a timely manner
  4. focused
  5. patient falling asleep
  6. lethargic
    obtunded - opened eyes with slow confused responses
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10
Q

Alert and Oriented x3

A

time, place, and person
Must ask before you can document

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11
Q

Speech patterns (7)

A
  1. quality
  2. rate
  3. volume
  4. articulation
  5. fluency
  6. staccato
  7. flight of ideas/pressured
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12
Q

Rashes -clues to history (6)

A
  1. how, when, where
  2. progression
  3. other symptoms/illnesses
  4. exposures
  5. prior occurrence
  6. exposures to others with same symptoms
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13
Q

Allergic Rashes are…

A

almost always itchy

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14
Q

Skin lesions are…

A

usually painful

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15
Q

Skin Inspection (5)

A
  1. color
  2. uniformity
  3. thickness
  4. symmetry
  5. hygiene
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16
Q

***Cherry red appearance could indicate what???

A

***CO Poisoning

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17
Q

Skin Palpation (5)

A
  1. moist
  2. temperature
  3. texture
  4. turgor
  5. mobility
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18
Q

Where to check for turgor

A

Adults: back of hand
Children: abdomen

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19
Q

Eczema distribution

A

flexor surfaces

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20
Q

Scabies distribution

A

interdigital

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21
Q

pityriasis rosea

A

salmon colored rash in christmas tree shape with Herald patch in the middle

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22
Q

Signs of measles

A

Koplik spots. Rash starts at head/neck and spreads distally

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23
Q

Evaluating a melanoma

A

Asymmetry
Border irregularity
color
diameter
elevation/depression
evolution of shape/size

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24
Q

anular

A

ring with clear center

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25
arciform
not a complete circle
26
discoid
scattered
27
linear
in a line
28
serpiginous
serpent like
29
polycyclic
many red circles grouped together
30
reticular
vascular pattern
31
target
ring with red center
32
stellate
look like the cosmos
33
cluster
small dots clustered together
34
morbilliform
bright red spread that may not be consistent in size.
35
Primary lesions
develop from previously normal skin
36
flat non-palpable lesions with change in skin color (2)
1. macule less than 1 cm in sz 2. Cafe-au-lait greater than 1 cm in sz
37
neurofibromatosis signs (2)
1. 6 or more Cafe-au-Lait spots 2. axillary freckling
38
solid bumps (6)
1. papule 2. nodule 3. cyst 4. wheal 5. plaque 6. tumor
39
Papule
elevated, firm, less than 1 cm. ex warts
40
Dermatofibroma
papule that occurs on the lower extremities of females -benign
41
nodule
elevated, firm, circular lesion -DEEPER in dermis than a papule - 1-2 cm ex. lipomas
42
cysts
elevated, circumscribed, encapsulated, lesion -in dermis or subcue layer -FILLED W/ Liquid or SEMI-SOLID material ex. cystic acne
43
Wheals
elevated, irregular-shape of cutaneous edema -variable size -solid, transient (go away fast) ex- insect bites
44
Plaque
elevated, firm, rough with flat top surface -GREATER THAN 1 cm ex. psoriasis
45
Palpable elevations filled with fluid (4)
1. vesicle 2. bulla 3. pustule 4. burrow
46
Vesicle
elevated, circumscribed, superficial lesion -FILLED WITH SEROUS FLUID -NOT IN THE DERMIS LESS THAN 1 cm ex. chickenpox, shingles
47
Bulla
greater than 1 cm ex. blister, burns
48
pustule
SIMILAR TO VESICLE BUT FILLED WITH PURULENT FLUID ex. acne
49
Burrow
tunnel ex scabies
50
secondary lesions
changes in primary lesion from over treatment, scratching, or infection
51
Types of Secondary Lesions (9)
1. scale 2. crust 3. lichenification 4. scars 5. keloid 6. erosion 7. excoriations 8. fissure 9. ulcer
52
scale
keratinized cells that flake off
53
crust
dry serum, blood or purulent exudate -slightly elevated ex. impetigo
54
lichenification
ROUGH THICKENED EPIDERMIS ex. chronic dermatitis
55
scars
thick fibrous tissue that replaces normal skin
56
keloids
irregular elevated, progressively enlarging scar
57
erosions
NON SCARRING SHALLOW DEFECT IN SKIN. - EPIDERMIS IS LOST DUE TO PRESSURE OR FRICTION
58
excoriations
loss of epidermis due to scratching
59
fissure
LINEAR CRACK/BREAK from the epidermis to dermis
60
ulcer
Loss of epidermis and dermis
61
Atrophy
THINNING of the SKIN ex. aged skin or striae
62
Atrophy
THINNING of the SKIN ex. aged skin or striae
63
Psoriasis signs (4)
1. scales 2. plaques 3. inflammation 4. lichenification
64
Blanching lesions
due to vascular dilation ex. allergic reaction, hives
65
Non-blanching lesions
extra-vascular (blood outside of vessel) ex. purpura, nevus
66
diascopy
how to test blanching
67
Petechia
flat, 1-3 mm diameter
68
Purpura
flat OR palpable greater than 3 mm less than 10 mm
69
Ecchymosis
bruise - at largest purple, blue fading to green, yellow and brown with time
70
spider angioma
fire red radiating legs if several present - liver issues -blanching
71
telangectasia
superficial veins with blue tent -blanching
72
cherry angioma
little bright red dot. round, flat, sometimes raised
73
Hemangioma
CONGENITAL ANOMALY -normally regress spontaneously
74
Tumors
DEEP IN DERMIS GREATER THAN 2 cm elevated and solid
75
Benign Nevus
round or oval well defined border less than 6 mm in sz flat or raised
76
*****Actinic Keratosis
Precancerous!!!!!
77
***Seborrheic keratosis
white/yellow/to brown spots that appear "stuck on" - benign
78
****Basal cell carcinoma
MOST COMMON SLOW GROWING RARELY FATAL more domal shaped
79
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
MORE AGGRESSIVE Tends to ULCERATE
80
Melanoma
ABCDEE!!!! can be non-melanomic (no color)
81
Mycosis fugoides
cutaneous T-cell lymphoma premycotic phase -red rash in non-sun exposed areas patch - thin reddened eczema rash plaque - small papules that may be reddened tumor phase - tumors and ulcers may develop

PA531 Patient Evaluation (5 decks)

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