Cardiovascular Exam

Question 1

History (4)

Answer 1

1. Swelling
2. Claudication (leg cramps)
3. orthopnea (propped up with pillows at night)
4. paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea (waking at night SOB)

Question 2

BMI (equation and ranges)

Answer 2

BMI = weight in kg / height in meters squared
underweight - less than 18.5
normal - 18.5-25
overweight - 25-30
obesity - over 30
Obesity Class 1 - 30-35
class 2 35-40
class 3 over 40

Question 3

2 body shapes

Answer 3

1. apple shape - increased risk of type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and death
2. pear shape

Question 4

waist circumference (men and women) obesity

Answer 4

Men over 40
women over 35
measured at iliac crest
distinguishes between muscle and fat

Question 5

Metabolic Syndrome - Risk Factors for CVD & DM2 (5)

Answer 5

1. elevated waist circumference
2. elevated triglycerides
3. reduced HCL
4. elevated BP
5. elevated fasting glucose

Question 6

elevated triglyceride levels

Answer 6

over 150 - if on meds get a metabolic pt

Question 7

reduced HDL levels

Answer 7

men less than 40
women less than 50
-if on meds get a metabolic pt

Question 8

elevated BP levels

Answer 8

over 130 or 80 diastolic
- if on meds get a metabolic pt

Question 9

elevated fasting glucose level

Answer 9

over 100

Question 10

normal vital signs (BP, HR, Respiratory rate, temp)

Answer 10

BP - less than 120/80
HR - 60-100
respiratory rate 12-20
temp - 97.8 -99.1

Question 11

How to take a normal pulse

Answer 11

find radial pulse
time 15 secs x 4
report regularity

if irregular - count whole minute

Question 12

Korotkoff Sounds

Answer 12

systolic and diastolic sounds

Question 13

Abnormal S2 splitting causes (4)

Answer 13

1. atrial septal defect
2. right heart failure
3. pulmonary hypertension
4. pulmonic stenosis