General Science Module 5 Flashcards
Life Science
A subject that encompasses all scientific pursuits related to living organisms
Archaeology
The study of past human life as revealed by preserved relics
Artifacts
Objects made by people such as tools, weapons, containers, etc..
Geology
The study of earth’s history as revealed in the rocks that make up the earth
Paleontology
The study of life’s history as revealed in the preserved remains of once-living plants and organisms
Internal Test
Test to see whether or not the document is internally consistent, or does it contradict itself
Aristotle’s dictum
The benefit of the doubt is to be given to the document itself, not to the person studying the document
External Test
Test to see whether or not the document contradicts other known historical facts
Bibliographic test
A historical test that help us decide whether or not the copy of the document that exists is a true representation of the original document
Known Age
The age of an artifact as determined by a date printed on it or a reference to the artifact in a work of history. It is fairly certain.
Dendrochronology
The process of counting tree rings to determine the age of a tree.
The only ages that are certain…
The only ages that are certain in archaeology are the KNOWN ages.
Ages determined by Dendrochronology…
Ages determined by dendrochronology are upper limits for the age of an artifact.
Absolute age
The calculated age of an artifact from a specific dating method that is used to determine when the artifact was made. It is an estimate, not a definite age.
Principle of Superposition
When artifacts are found in rock or earth that is layered, the deeper layers hold the older artifacts.
Strata
The distinct layers found in soil and/or rock.
Differences in the genealogies of Christ
There are differences in the genealogies of Christ because one follows his mother’s line, and one follows Joseph’s line.
The external and bibliographic tests as they relate to the Bible
The two tests the Bible passes better than any other document in history
master tree ring patterns
A scientist must find these in both the artifact, and a recently cut down tree in order to give an absolute date to an artifact
Principle of Superposition
Used to determine the approximate age of an artifact, it states that when artifacts are found in rock or earth that is layered, the deeper layers hold the older artifacts
Assumption of Principal of Superposition
When layers are formed, they were formed one at a time, making all the object found in them different ages
Radiometric Dating
Using a radioactive process to determine the age of an item.
