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General Science > General Science Module 1 > Flashcards

General Science Module 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

science

A

An endeavor dedicated to the accumulation and classification of observable facts in order to formulate general laws about the natural world.

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2
Q

Imhotep

A

(eem’ oh tep) Egyptian known for his knowledge of medicine.

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3
Q

Egyptian Medicine

A

Trial and error

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4
Q

penicillin

A

a chemical that kills germs that infect wounds

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5
Q

poppy seeds

A

Contains morphine and codeine…powerful pain relieving drugs.

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6
Q

papyrus

A

Ancient, Egyptian form of paper, made from a plant of the same name.

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7
Q

Thales, Anazimander & Anazimenes

A

Thought of as humanity’s first real scientists.

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8
Q

Leucippus

A

Greek scientist known as the father of atomic theory.

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9
Q

atomic theory

A

All matter is composed of little units called atoms.

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10
Q

density

A

how tightly packed matter is.

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11
Q

Aristotle

A

often called the father of life sciences.

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12
Q

classification

A

gathering and ordering facts in a systemic way.

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13
Q

spontaneous generation

A

the idea that living organisms can be spontaneously formed from non-living substances.

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14
Q

Archimedes

A

Greek scientist who showed how closely math and science are related.

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15
Q

Ptolemy

A

Greek scientist who studied the heavens.

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16
Q

Geocentric system

A

Ptolemy’s theory that the planets, moon and sun rotate around the earth. (GEO - Earth CENTRIC - Center)

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17
Q

alchemy

A

branch of science that explores mixing certain substances together to create a new substance.

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18
Q

chemical reaction

A

one or more substances interact to form one or more new substances.

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19
Q

constellations

A

patterns formed by stars.

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20
Q

supernova

A

explosion of a star.

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21
Q

nebula

A

cloud of dust and gas.

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22
Q

How does science progress?

A

By building on the work of previous scientists.

23
Q

Robert Grosseteste

A

Roman Catholic bishop believed to be the father of the scientific method.

24
Q

scientific method

A

Grosseteste’s idea that a scientist should observe, explain why and then test his ideas.

25
Q

Nicolaus Copernicus

A

contradicted Ptolemy’s geocentric theory and proposed the heliocentric theory. (Helio - sun, centric - center)

26
Q

Galileo Galilei

A

known for his studies in both motion and confirming heliocentric theory.

27
Q

Blaise Pascal

A

discovered and explained atmospheric pressure.

28
Q

Renaissance

A

Golden Age of science.

29
Q

Sir Isaac Newton

A

Developed 3 laws of motion and proposed that a scientific law was useless if it could not be used to develop a mathematical equation that would describe some aspect of nature.

30
Q

Robert Boyle

A

founder of modern chemistry.

31
Q

Antoni van Leeuwenhoek

A

revolutionized science by building the first microscope.

32
Q

Carolus Linnaeus

A

tried to classify all living creatures with a classification and naming system we still use today.

33
Q

Antoine-Laurent

A

First to discover that matter cannot be destroyed – it can only change forms.

34
Q

Law of Mass Conservation

A

theory that states matter cannot be destroyed – it can only change forms.

35
Q

Charles R. Darwin

A

wrote a book entitled Origin of the Species which proposed the theory of evolution.

36
Q

natural selection

A

that living organisms can adapt to changes in their surroundings.

37
Q

immutability of the species

A

the idea that individual species on the planet was specifically created by God and could never fundamentally change.

38
Q

Louis Pasteur

A

Destroyed the idea of spontaneous generation and developed pasteurization.

39
Q

pasteurization

A

sterilization of foods by killing bacteria with heat.

40
Q

geology

A

study of rocks

41
Q

Gregor Mendel

A

father of the study of genetics.

42
Q

genetics

A

the study of how traits are passed on from parent to offspring.

43
Q

electomagnetism

A

that electricity and magnetism are both aspects of the same phenomenon.

44
Q

James Joule

A

developed the First Law of Thermodynamics.

45
Q

First Law of Thermodynamics

A

Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change forms.

46
Q

Max Planck

A

developed theory that energy must exist in tiny packets called quanta.

47
Q

quantum mechanics

A

idea that energy exists and must be applied in tiny packets called quanta.

48
Q

quanta

A

tiny packets of energy. (like and atom for energy.)

49
Q

Albert Einstein

A

one of the most famous scientists in quantum mechanics.

50
Q

Neils Bohr

A

developed a picture of the atom.

51
Q

Bohr Model

A

picture of an atom.

52
Q

special theory of relativity

A

Einstein’s famous theory that explains how matter is really just another form of energy. E=mc2

53
Q

general theory of relativity

A

explanation of how gravity works.

General Science (10 decks)

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