General Rules 1

Question 1

going + to + infinitive/ir + a + infinitive

Answer 1

In order to form the immediate future, you must first conjugate ir according to the subject, add a, then add the future action in the infinitive. Ex: Voy + a + estudiar

Question 2

the same + noun = el mismo + noun

Answer 2

the same book = el mismo libro

Question 3

The rule of mismo

Answer 3

If used before the noun, it means ‘same’. If used after the noun, it means ‘himself, herself or itself’. Ex: the building itself = el edificio mismo

Question 4

the same thing

the same/ditto

Answer 4

la misma cosa

lo mismo

Question 5

to be

Answer 5

ser for permanent situations

estar for transitory situations

Question 6

listo/lista

Answer 6

means ready when used with está

means clever when used with ser

Question 7

seguro/segura

Answer 7

means sure when used with está

means safe when used with ser

Question 8

when using ojala, quizas or lastima

Answer 8

use pueda instead of puede/puedo. this indicates a wish for an event to happen. however, use usted or yo before pueda for clarification

Question 9

time of day

Answer 9

what time is it? son las tres/es la uno

What time do i need to be there? a las tres/a la uno

Question 10

Spanish equivalent of -ing (present progressive)

Answer 10

is -ando or -iendo, depending on whether the infinitive ends in -ar-, -er or -ir. This present progressive tense is always used with estar, not with ser.

Question 11

to where

Answer 11

a donde means to where and must be used whenever you pair donde with a direction or destination

Question 12

I pay vs you paid

Answer 12

I pay - pago - emphasis is on 1st syllable

you paid - pagó - emphasis is on 2nd syllable

Question 13

going

Answer 13

my son is going to school with your son.
me hijo esta yendo a la escuela con su hijo
yendo must be used with esta, and are used in this situation instead of va because it is transitory

Question 14

viejo

Answer 14

if viejo is used before a noun, it means ‘long-time’. if used after the noun it means elderly.
Ex: El es mi viejo amigo

Question 15

single - soltero/a

Answer 15

In Spanish you must use ser + soltero, rather than estar

Ex: Mi tia es soltera

Question 16

Si used to emphasize a statement

Answer 16

My uncle Rafa is not single, but his sister is single.

Mi tio Rafa no es soltero, pero su hermana si es soltera.

Question 17

vas a ver a tus amigos?

Answer 17

When the direct object of a verb is a person you must use the “personal a”

Question 18

the only - el unico

Answer 18

If unico is used before the noun, it means ‘the only’. If used after the noun it means ‘unique’.

Question 19

certain - cierto

Answer 19

If cierto is used before a noun, it means ‘certain’. If used after a noun it means “sure or definite’.

Question 20

theirs - suyo

Answer 20

‘theirs’, ‘his’, ‘hers’, ‘your’, and ‘yours’ all take the same possessive pronoun suyo/suya

Question 21

eso/esto

Answer 21

gender neutral - used for unidentified objects or absract concepts

Question 22

ese/esa

Answer 22

That
gender specific -
esa - feminine
ese - masculine

Question 23

tiene instead of estar

Answer 23

thirsty (Sed) - hungry ( hambre) - sleepy ( sueno) - right (razon) - cold (fria/frio) - fear or scared ( miedo) - hurry (prisa) - hot (calor) - tiene cuidado

Question 24

what are you saying

Answer 24

que dices - the present progressive form of decir is not required for this - (diciendo)

Question 25

No quiero nada

Answer 25

double negatives are not only allowed, but required.

Question 26

vengo de me casa

Answer 26

In spanish, in order to convey where you are coming from, you do not need the present progressive, only the present tense (i.e. vengo de, not estoy veniendo

Question 27

the pretty one

Answer 27

el/la - in spanish, do not have a word for one used as a noun.
Instead, the pretty one = la bonita, la guapa, la bellas (beautiful)

Question 28

words ending in -cion

Answer 28

are usually feminine

Question 29

frijol/frijoles

Answer 29

plural for nouns ending in a consanant is es

Question 30

pedir vs preguntar

Answer 30

pedir - ask for something else

preguntar - asking only a question

Question 31

rule for pronouncing c and g

Answer 31

soft if followed by e or i

hard if followed by a, o or u

Question 32

use of personal ‘a’

Answer 32

the personal ‘a’ is used with some verbs when the DO or IO of the verb is a person(s) or animal (pet)
Luis llama a Carla
Yo siempre escucho a mi madre
La mujer acaricia a la llama

Question 33

when personal ‘a’ is not used

Answer 33

when the DO is not a person or animal (pet)
Luis habla mucho
Yo veo television
La mujer acaricia el dinero

Question 34

the personal ‘a’ is also used with io pronouns when the pronouns refers to a person or people

Answer 34

alguien (somebody)
nadie (nobody)
algunos/as (some)
ninguno/a (none)
ambos (both)
todo el mundo (everybody)

Question 35

verbs that often take the persona ‘a’

Answer 35

besar - to kiss
invitar - to invite
buscar - to look for
llamar - to call
conocer - to become familiar with
llevar - to carry
escribir - to write
mirar- to look
escuchar - to listen
visitar - to visit
esperar - to wait/hope
ver - to see

Question 36

verbs that use the persona ‘a’ when referring to a place

Answer 36

ir- to go
llevar - to carry
llegar - to arrive
traer - to bring