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Anatomy Unit 1 > General Relevant Questions > Flashcards

General Relevant Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Pectoral Major blood supply and movement

A

Thoracoacromial Artery
Adducts
Medial rotation
Flexion

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2
Q

Infraspinatus

A 
Suprascapular nerve (navy below bridge)
Suprascapular artery (army on bridge)
lateral rotation
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3
Q

Coracoid Process

A

process that is superior and anterior

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4
Q

What muscle connects to the superior angle of scapula?

A

Levator Scapula (dorsal scapular artery)

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5
Q

What three muscles does the dorsal scapular artery supply?

A

Rhomboids and levator scapulae

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6
Q

What does the thoracoacromial artery supply?

A

Pectoralis Major and Minor

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7
Q

What is the movement of the pectoralis minor?

A

protracts, depresses, and stabilize scapula

Coracoid process

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8
Q

What innervates the subscapularis?

A

The greater and lesser subscapular nerve.

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9
Q

Serratus Anterior

A

winged scapula
long thoracic nerve
superficial side of muscle

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10
Q

Subclavius (innervation and movement)

A

Nerve to subclavius

anchors and depresses clavicle

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11
Q

Posterior humeral circumflex artery and axillary

A

Deltoid, teres minor

quadrangular space

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12
Q

Teres Major

A

Adduction medial rotation

lower subscapular nerve

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13
Q

What does the subocciptal nerve innervate?

A

Rectus capitus posterior major
obliquues capitis superior and inferior
semispinalis capitis

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14
Q

What type of joint is atlanto occiptal and what motion is performed there

A

synovial, shaking head no

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15
Q

Kyphosis vs Lordosis

A

hunchback, curvature in thoracic –kyphosis

lumbar curvature –lordosis

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16
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor connections

A

Posterior tubercle of atlas and inserts on occipital bone

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17
Q

Cauda Equina

A

collection of dorsal and ventral roots of the lower lumbar and sacral spinal nerves. arise from the conus medullaris (T12-L2)

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18
Q

what is the blood supply to the trapezius

A

transverse cervical

accessory nerve

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19
Q

what is the blood supply of the latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal artery and nerve (ventral rami of the spinal nerves)

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20
Q

What two superficial intrinsic back muscles provide lateral flexion, rotation, and extension (bilateral contraction) of the neck/head?

A

Splenius cervicis

Splenius capitis

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21
Q

What are the classifications of intrinsic back muscles from superficial to deep?

A

Superficial– Spinotransverse (Splenius Capitis and Cervicis)
Intermediate –Erector Spinae (Illiocostalis, Logissimus, Spinalis)
Deep– Transversospinal (Semispinalis, Rotatores, Multifidus)

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22
Q

What muscles are supplied by: thoracodorsal, transverse cervical, and dorsal scapular?

A

Thoracodorsal- lats
Transverse cervical- traps
dorsal scapular -levator, rhomboids

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23
Q

Spondolysis occurs in what area of the spinal vertebra

A

Pars interarticularis– the area between the inferior and superior articulation processes.

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24
Q

Thoracic vertebra and articulation with ribs

A

Body of vertebra- head of corresponding (superior costal facet) and inferior (inferior costal facet) ribs
Neck of ribs- no articulation
Transverse process of vertebra - tubercle of corresponding rib

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25
Q

How can you differentiate between spinalis cervicis and semisplinalis cervicis?

A

Spinalis cervicis–transverso-spinal muscle–spinous process to spinous process. extension of spinal cord because it can’t rotate if it’s just connected to spinous processes
Semispinalis cervicis–spinotransverse–spinous process to transverse process (SEMI spinalis, so not to two spinous processes, just one)… rotation, lateral flexion

26
Q

What are the components of a synovial joint?

A

Bone or cartilage, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, synovial fluid, fiberous joint capsule, ligaments, nerves and blood vessels

27
Q

Joints between vertebral bodies

Joints between articulating processes

A

Bodies-cartilaginous

Articulating- synovial/diaththrosis

28
Q

What is the innervation of teres major and minor?

A

Major- lower subscapular nerve

Minor -axillary nerve

29
Q

What innervates the subscapular muscle

A

Upper and Lower subscapular nerve

medial rotation

30
Q

Anastomosis

A

shunt between arterioles and venules that can divert blood away from a capillary bed
scapular arterial anastomosis– subclavian artery and corresponding axillary artery

31
Q

Injury to Dorsal scapular nerve

A

retraction of the scapula on affected side will be weakened

32
Q

Injury to suprascapular nerve

A

Supraspinatusand Infraspinatus muscle – lateral rotation of the humerus weakened

33
Q

ADduction of the humerus

A

Latissimus Dorsi (thoracodorsal nerve) (sensation:dorsal primary ramus)
Pectoralis Major and minor
teres major, gravity (depending on body position),
lowest fibers of the deltoid (making deltoid its own antagonist)

34
Q

Three ligaments passed through during spinal tap

A

Supraspinous, Interspinous, and ligamentum flavum

35
Q

What does the thoracoacromial artery supply?

A

Pectoralis major, pectoralis minor, and deltoid muscle, and acromioclavicular joint

36
Q

What muscle connects to the coracoid process?

A

Pectoralis minor

37
Q

Lower Subscapular Artery and Nerve

A

Teres Major

Subscapularis

38
Q

ABduction

A

Supraspinatus (suprascapular n) (0-15)
Deltoid (axillary n) (15-90)
Trapezius (scapular rotation, accesory n) (90+)
Serratus anterior (long transverse n) (90+)

39
Q

Fracture of surgical neck of humerus or inferior dislocation, what nerve and artery

A

axillary posterior humeral circumflex

40
Q

Fracture of humerus, and effects on lateral rotation of the arm

A

injury to axillary nerve, and lateral rotation would be suprascapularis, infrascapularis, teres minor, and deltoid. BUT suprascapularis and infrascapularis are innervated by the supraspinatus nerveso they will still function, but not teres minor and deltoid

41
Q

Sympathetic, postganglionic fiber cell bodies location and innervation

A

Located in the sympathetic trunk, and innervate sweat glands, blood vessels, and hair follicles

42
Q

Dislocation of shoulder usually occurs

A

Anteriorly

43
Q

Dens of C2 articulates with

A

anterior arch of C1/atlas

44
Q

Spondylolysis, Spondylolisthesis

A

Spondylolysis–fracture at the pars articularis

Spondylolisthesis–ANTERIOR displacement

45
Q

Winging of Scapula, roots damaged

A

C5-C7 – 5 6 7 wings to heaven. serratus anterior, long thoracic nerve

46
Q

What creates the anastomoses around the scapula?

A

circumflex humeral, dorsal scapular, suprascapular artery

Additionally, if the subclavian or axillary artery needs to be ligated, blood can flow from the dorsal scapular artery and suprascapular artery to the circumflex scapular artery

47
Q

Injury to Upper Roots of Brachial Plexus

A

Erb-Duchenne Palsy. It affects especially the suprascapular, axillary, and musculocutaneous nerves, which causes paralysis of the rotator cuff muscles, biceps, brachialis, coracobrachialis, and deltoid.
upper and lower subscapular nerves, denervating subscapularis and teres major.
lateral pectoral nerve, but the majority of pect major is innervated by medial pectoral nerve, so it is only weakened (can still flex).
the limb is constantly adducted and medially rotated.
the limb can no longer be abducted because both supraspinatus, which initiates abduction, and deltoid, which allows for complete abduction, have been denervated.

48
Q

Cephalic, Basilic, and Median cubital vein

A

Cephalic runs through deltopectoral groove/triangle on the radial/lateral/thumb side of the arm. Basilic vein runs under the arm on the medial/pinky/ulnar side of the arm. Median cubital vein connects these two

49
Q

Branches of the Axillary Arter

A

1- superior thoracic artery (think #1is the best, so superior)
2- thoracoacromial and lateral thoracic (think: 2 times thorac.
3- subscapular, posterior and anterior humeral circumflex (think: three is the lowest, so it is SUB.)

50
Q

What is the branch of the musculocutaneous nerve and what does it do?

A

lateral antebrachial cutaneous n. (think muscuLAcutaneous. LA. lateral antebrachial). innervation of lateral part of the forarm

51
Q

fracture to the surgical neck of the humerus

A 
The posterior and anterior circumflex arteries wrap around the humerus near its surgical neck. 
axillary nerve (think that the posterior circumflex runs with this)
52
Q

Fracture of humerus at mid length?

A

radial and deep brachial artery (extension of the forearm)

53
Q

Nerve effected by blood drawn

A

Looking for the median cubital vein, but this runs with the median nerve (THINK median median)… loss of sensation radial half of the palm and palmer side of lateral 3 1/2 digits

54
Q

What nerve supplies the deltoid muscle and what are its spinal roots

A

Axillary (C5 and C6)

55
Q

Supraspinatus vs Subscapularis

A

Supraspinatus (abduction, suprascapular n) (think:supraman, abducting his arms to fly)
Subscapularis (medial rotation,upper subscapularis)

56
Q

Supraspinatus vs Infraspinatus

A

both part of the rotator cuff
supraspinatus-abductin
infraspinatus-lateral rotation

57
Q

What is the divisions of nerves in the PNS?

A

31 spinal

12 cranial

58
Q

midshaft fracture to humerus

A

radial nerve and deep brachial artery

59
Q

Supracondylar fracture of humerus

A

median nerve (lies medial to brachial artery at elbow) and brachial artery

60
Q

three chief contents of cubital fossa

A

lateral to medial

biceps brachii, brachial artery, and median nerve

Anatomy Unit 1 (10 decks)

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