General questions Flashcards
largest roundworm affecting POULTRY
Ascaridia spp.
one of the largest nematodes
Dioctophyma renale
diphtheritic inflammation in cecal mucosa
Trichuris (adult)
Infection of Trichuris can predispose to
[ ESS ]
Enterococcus
Salmonella
Spirochete
has barrel / lemon-shaped eggs
Capillaria spp.
Capillaria with high mortality
C. obsignata
Capillaria causing these in dogs & cats
• rhinotracheitis
• bronchitis
C. aerophila
buccal + opposum
Anatrichosoma buccalis
gastric + gerbils
Anatrichosoma gerbilis
trichuroid esophagous (distinct feature)
Superfamily Trichuroidea
Adult superfamily trichuroidea mostly occur in
digestive tract
doughnut-shaped cell (stichosome / stichocytes)
Superfamily Trichuroidea
Capillaria cystitis
C. plica
egg resembles Trichuris
Anatrichosoma
Falcaustra
turtle pinworm
Aspicularis
rat pinworm
Diagnosis at PPP (6-19 months) is difficult because “no eggs” passed in the urine.
Stephanurus dentatus
Larva can survive in wet environments for 5 months.
Stephanurus dentatus
Creates “T” shape when in copula due to vulva being in the middle
hookworms
Hookworm of ruminants
Bunostomum
Hookworm of humans
A [ ccd ]
Number of burden of Bunostomum hookworms in calves
100-200
fatal (2,000)
Number of burden of Bunostomum hookworms in lambs
20-100
fatal (500-600)
buccal capsule — globular / funnel-shape (w/ external chitinoid ring)
Globocephalus urosubulatus
resembles Bunostomum but highly pathogenic (25 worms)
Gaigeria pachyscelis
Hookworm dermatitis happens when L3 enters skin of
not a natural host
Cutaneous larva migrans
A ( bcc )
braziliense
ceylanicum
caninum
Superfamily that occurs mostly in alimentary tract (stomach) of host
S. trichostrongyloidea
Majority host of S. trichostrongyloidea, causing high economic losses.
grazing animals (ruminants)
Buccal capsule — absent/very small
No leaf crown
No teeth
Superfamily Trichostrongyloidea
Trichostronyle with cuticle
Mecistocirris digitatus
Trichostrongyle with no vulvap flap female
Mecistocirrus digitatus
Trichostrongyle
Parasitic gastritis in cattles
(temperate countries)
Ostertagia spp.
wing-like expansion
Cooperia spp.
Spirally coiled mid-body
Nematodirus spp.
bell-glass inflates cuticle
Nematodirus spp.
seasonal incidence of deadly diarrhea due to massive infection
Nematodirus battus
Parasitic gastro-enteritis
• 20% (in animals)
• 80% (in pastures/environment)
Trichostrongylus spp.
Which animal act as worm carriers of Trichostrongylus
HORSE
(yearling & adult)
What do you call the fecal egg output in ewes that occurs
• 2 weeks = pre-parturition
• 6 weeks = post-parturition
Spring rise or Peri-paturient rise
PGE life stages w/o interruption
Type I PGE
PGE in whic larva is arrested in parasitic development & resumed their life cycle (with interruption)
Type II PGE
rise of pH in Trichostrongyles
pH 2–7
pin-head sized
grey-white nodules
Ostertagiosis
hypoalbuminemia
Ostertagia spp.
bottle jaw or submandibular edema (2)
Haemonchus
Mecistocirrus
July ostertagiosis
• during 1st grazing
• all animals affected (w/o clinical signs)
• adult in abomasum
Summer (type I)
January to May
• after 1st grazing (rare cattle)
• few animals affected
• highly lethal
• immature stages
Winter ostertagiosis (Type II)
Therapy for summer ostertagiosis
Broad spectrum anthelmintics
multiple interstitial hepatitis in liver (due to larval migration)
Ascaris suis