general properties of proteins 3.1.4.1 Flashcards

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1
Q

protein is a polymer of…

A

amino acids

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2
Q

How many different amino acids are there?

A

20

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3
Q

how is a dipeptide formed?

A

When a condenstation reaction takes place between 2 amino acids

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4
Q

how is a polypeptide formed?

A

when many amino acids join together in condensation reactions

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5
Q

what bond is formed is proteins?

A

peptide bonds

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6
Q

what is the primary structure of proteins?

A

It is the number and sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain

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7
Q

how are they joined together (primary structure)

A

they are joined by peptide bonds in condensation reactions

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8
Q

what does the primary structure determine?

A

deteremines how the chain will coil and fold in a specific shape, so therefore determines how it will function

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9
Q

what is the secondary structure of protein?

A

The coiling and folding of the polypeptide chain.

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10
Q

what are the two main arrangements in the secondary structure?

A

alpha helix and beta pleated sheets

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11
Q

what bonds are in the secondary structure?

A

peptide bonds and additional hydrogen bonds to hold the chain in shape.

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12
Q

what are proteins with a lot of secondary structures involved with and why?

A

they are often involved with structural roles because they are fiborous, strong, tough proteins and they are often flexible too

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13
Q

what is the tertiary structure of protein?

A

It is the extensive coling and folding of the polypeptide chain into a complex compact 3D shape.

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14
Q

what bonds are there in the tertiary structure?

A

peptide bonds: in the folds and coils
hydrogen bond: in the folds and coils.
ionic bonds: between any charged groups
disulphide bridges: strong covalent bonds between sulphur atoms in R groups.

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15
Q

what kind of proteins have a tertiary structure?

A

where the shape is very important for the function

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16
Q

tertiary proteins are ________ proteins and have a _________ role

A

globular
metabolic

17
Q

what is the quaternary structure of protein?

A

This is when the protein has more than one polpeptide chain, each chain can have its own secondary or tertiary structure.

18
Q

what is an example of a protein with a quaternary structure?

A

Haemoglobin, it has 4 polypeptide chains

19
Q

What is the biochemical test for proteins (biuret test)?

A

Add sodium hyrdroxide solution and a few drops of copper sulphate solution to the sample. Purple indicates protein is present