general properties of proteins 3.1.4.1 Flashcards
protein is a polymer of…
amino acids
How many different amino acids are there?
20
how is a dipeptide formed?
When a condenstation reaction takes place between 2 amino acids
how is a polypeptide formed?
when many amino acids join together in condensation reactions
what bond is formed is proteins?
peptide bonds
what is the primary structure of proteins?
It is the number and sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain
how are they joined together (primary structure)
they are joined by peptide bonds in condensation reactions
what does the primary structure determine?
deteremines how the chain will coil and fold in a specific shape, so therefore determines how it will function
what is the secondary structure of protein?
The coiling and folding of the polypeptide chain.
what are the two main arrangements in the secondary structure?
alpha helix and beta pleated sheets
what bonds are in the secondary structure?
peptide bonds and additional hydrogen bonds to hold the chain in shape.
what are proteins with a lot of secondary structures involved with and why?
they are often involved with structural roles because they are fiborous, strong, tough proteins and they are often flexible too
what is the tertiary structure of protein?
It is the extensive coling and folding of the polypeptide chain into a complex compact 3D shape.
what bonds are there in the tertiary structure?
peptide bonds: in the folds and coils
hydrogen bond: in the folds and coils.
ionic bonds: between any charged groups
disulphide bridges: strong covalent bonds between sulphur atoms in R groups.
what kind of proteins have a tertiary structure?
where the shape is very important for the function
