General principles of poultry farming Flashcards
In 2017, chickens accounted more than ?% of the world’s poultry population.
more than 90% of the world’s poultry population.
Today it’s approx. 94%.
Feed conversion ratio
Feed conversion ratio (FCR) is the conventional measure of livestock production efficiency: the weight of feed intake divided by weight gained by the animal.
Lower FCR values indicate higher efficiency.
FCRs are typically 1.7–2.0 for chicken.
More than how many chicken breeds, ? duck and how many goose breeds?
More than 1600 chicken breeds,
approx. 100 duck and
over 100 goose breeds.
for industrial poultry farming, what breed of bird is used?
hybrid birds
2-5 lines of crossbreds for broiler production.
Chicken are bred by specialized companies.
Layer chickens (egg layers) begin laying at what age?
And Lay continuously until what age?
18-21 weeks old (4-5.5 months old)
Lay continuously until 72-78 weeks
old (18-19.5 months old).
Are stress sensitive birds.
How many kg of feed is consumed to
produce 1 kg eggs?
2-2,5 kg of feed
Number of pure meat breeds is
small because they are slow growers, they’re not profitable.
Mainly, production birds are dual-purpose breeds as they grow faster (average slaughter weight 4kg achieved in 5-9 weeks.
Ducks are an important food source where?
in rural regions of Asia.
Hardy, easy to herd, excellent foragers.
Relatively tolerant to diseases.
identify
guinea fowl
Main favorable Poultry production traits (6)
- Fast growth
- Effective feed conversion
- Fast sexual maturity
- High fecundity
- Good acclimatization
- Artificial hatching capability
Quails reach sexual maturity at what age?
35- 42 days, varies by breed
Integrated production refers to
One owner often controls/owns:
feed factory
breeding operation
hatching op
broiler farm
meat factory
In developing countries, this is typically not the case (there’s an owner for each step).
Improving feed efficiency is a key factor in reducing
the environmental impact of poultry production.
Chickens are estimated to emit 0.6 Gt CO2
-equivalent, representing what % of the livestock sector’s total emissions?
8% of the livestock sector’s total emissions.
3 main factors in regard to production modernization:
Sustainability,
standardized emission allowances,
improved feed conversion ratio
Describe routine laboratory studies in the context of poultry diseases.
Describe specific laboratory studies in the context of poultry diseases.
Notifiable avian infectious diseases, name a few
Notifiable diseases on the left.
“Other” or additional diseases on the right.
