Biosecurity in poultry husbandry Flashcards
Biosafety:
the containment principles, technologies and practices that are implemented to prevent unintentional exposure to pathogens and
toxins or their accidental release.
Biosafety in the broader sense includes measures that help keep outbreaks under control on the farm.
Biosafety is one part of biosecurity.
Biosecurity:
management-practice activities that reduce the opportunities for infectious agents to gain access to, or spread within a
food animal production unit or an animal hospital environment.
Farm Isolation for biosecurity
- Farm premises are clearly defined
- Unexpected access to the birds is prevented
- Environment conditions are controllable and controlled regularly
- Mixing different colors, different sizes, different ages and different types of birds is avoided!
- Wildlife is not attracted to the farm
*„All in/all out” management is implemented
Traffic/movement control biosecurity
- Farm premises are closed and gates and doors are locked
- Only necessary guests are accepted
- At entry all vehicles are disinfected
- New and sick birds are quarantined
*„Clean” and “dirty” functions/zones are clearly separated and specific areas are isolated
- Danish Entry System is properly used
Danish Entry System for poultry farms
Danish entry is an easy to use biosecurity tool that can greatly help reduce the spread of disease agents.
Biosecure entries based on Danish entry concepts are designed to make it easier for people to remove potentially contaminated outside clothing, boots and items and put on barn-specific clothing and boots and use barn-specific items.
Sanitation biosecurity
- Remove excess feed daily and change dirty bedding regularly
- Cleanse and disinfect cages, feeders and drinkers regularly
- Clean and disinfect equipment and materials before and after each usage
- Never share any equipment and tools with a neighboring farms
- Check the quality of air, water and feed regularly
- Feed should be stored in sealed containers
- Wash the hands before and after contact with birds
- Clean and disinfect footwear when entering or exiting the farm
- Immediately remove any trash and waste from industrial premises
torticollis
Wry neck (torticollis) is not an illness but rather a clinical sign used to describe an abnormal head and neck position.
Benefits of biosecurity rules
- Reduction in on-farm morbidity and mortality rates
- Decrease in expenditures on pharmaceuticals and production costs as overall profitability will increase
- Improvement in overall livestock health indicators
- Increase in the growth rate, egg production and feed conversion ratio of birds
- Reduction in the risks of new infectious diseases on the farm
- Limited spread of various diseases already present on the farm
Decontamination in poultry husbandry
- One part of preventive veterinary medicine
- A key element of everyday biosecurity in poultry farming
- Purpose: removal and/or destruction of various pathogens and enabling safe re-occupation of buildings
- Cleaning: physical removal of foreign materials and organic material from the farm environment (To the extent of 80% of All buildings and premises)
Steps of decontamination (5)
Planning
Removal of equipment and dry cleaning
Soaking and wet cleaning
Drying, maintenance and reparation
Disinfection
Decontamination in poultry husbandry: Step 2 (1 is planning), Removal of loose equipment & dry cleaning
- Immediately after removing the birds
- Insect control
- Removal of dust etc.
- Pre-spray
- Removing loose equipment, covering electrical equipment
- Removal of infectious material, emptying of equipment and systems
Note that decontamination dry cleaning-step must not be used for cleaning in what situation?
after an outbreak of airborne infection as this can lead to the formation of
aerosols containing the pathogen!
Decontamination in poultry husbandry:
Step 3 (1 is planning, 2 is dry cleaning), Wet cleaning
Soaking (low pressure)
Wet cleaning (80’C)
o Check the compatibility of the detergent with the surfaces and the disinfectant
o Pressure washer, high pressure (100 bar)
o Scrubbing, brushing, etc.
Control (meaning wash again)
Decontamination in poultry husbandry:
Step 4 (1 is planning, 2 is dry cleaning, 3 is wet cleaning),
Maintenance & reparation
Drying: sun and/or wind
o As fast as possible
o Avoid moisture accumulation
Maintenance and reparation
o Holes, cracks and other errors repaired
o Replacement of equipment
o Rodent control
o Insect control
Decontamination in poultry husbandry:
Step 4 (1 is planning, 2 is dry cleaning,
3 is wet cleaning, 4 is maint&repar.),
Disinfection
- Clean, dry surfaces
- Suitable registered chemical (that you change smetimes)
- Safety control, following manufacturer’s instructions
- Correct working temperature of the disinfectant
- Fumigation
- Keeping the rooms empty
Egg hatcheries in general
- Eggs from several companies at once
- Chicks are sent long distances after hatching
Environment susceptible to contamination
o Explosive spread - huge economic loss
o Hatchability
o Embryonic mortality
The key to success: personal hygiene, production hygiene, separation of different zones, regular cleaning and disinfection,
correct cleaning techniques.
Functions of egg hatcheries
- Collecting eggs from breeding flocks
- Fumigation of eggs upon arrival
- Incubation of eggs
- Checking the quality of eggs
- Egg hatching
- Sexual differentiation of chicks
- Packing and delivery of day-old chicks
Hatchery hygiene
- There is no need for workers to move back and forth
- All functions are isolated
- Air from “cleaner” areas towards “dirtier” areas
- Coordinated hygiene program
- Only controlled vehicles and people can enter the territory
- Hygiene program/biosecurity plan in place
- Training of employees
- Rooms/buildings that facilitate sanitation
Incubation cycles of various fowl
Ratite egg hygiene
- Egg collection min. once daily to prevent:
o Contamination
o Breaking
o Overheating in the summer months - Sanitize the eggs immediately (washing too, if necess.)
- Nest disinfection once a day (Virkon S or Antec Chicgard 1:100 aqueous solution)
- Transport with clean, disinfected baskets
- Repeated lighting during incubation (candling to follow/confirm development)
