General Principles of Effective Communication

Question 1

Are you communicating basically to inform, to entertain, or to persuade?

Answer 1

Know your purpose

Question 2

Consider the age, educational background, profession, culture, and other salient features of your listeners or readers.

Answer 2

Know your audience

Question 3

You communicate essentially because you want to share something. In speaking situations, speakers are invited because they have something to share. This also applies to writing.

Answer 3

Know your topic

Question 4

The environment in which your spoken speech or writing is to be delivered determines the kind of language you will use.

Answer 4

Adjust your spoken speech or writing to the context of the situation.

Question 5

Constructive criticisms will prove beneficial to you as you learn to address them.

Answer 5

Work on the feedback given to you.

Question 6

Characteristics of Descriptive Writing:

Answer 6

• Creative writing
• Not rule-bounded
• Language may be formal, informal, or the combination of both.

Question 7

Characteristics of Prescriptive Writing:

Answer 7

• Technical Writing
• Rule-bounded
• Language is always formal

Question 8

DO NOTs in Written Communication using Prescriptive Grammar:

Answer 8

1. Do not contract words. They are not appropriate.
2. Be watchful of the pronoun I. It should be capitalized.
3. Make sure that you will not use double negatives.
4. Please do not start your sentences with conjunctions like ‘and’ and ‘but’.
5. Parallelism should be watched always, put properly, and used clearly in sentences.
6. Run-on sentences should be avoided, for they may confuse the readers.
7. Be watchful of your grammar. People will laugh at it.
8. Use proper punctuation marks because they may make fragmented statements.
9. Clipped words should be avoided because they are too informal.
10. Never use slangs; not all people understand them.
11. Clichés should also be avoided; this rule is not new at all not to remember.
12. Capitalize always the first letter of your sentences.
13. Do not forget to put a period after each sentence needing it.
14. More so, do not end your sentence with a preposition just for you to fit in the descriptivist’s world.
15. Remember, this is a formal writing, so do not use an exclamation point.
16. Difficult words should be avoided, so that a great number of readers could get the message of the output.
17. Use active voice in your sentence. This will make you easily understand the composition.
18. Do not be wordy.
19. Avoid ambiguities. According to Spencer (2019), ambiguous information will lead the readers to confusion or will lose their trust onto the author of said information.
20. Do not split infinitives just to emphasize clearly a point.
21. Be keen with the word choice and redundancies. They will ruin the learning of the reader. Therefore, avoid them.

Question 9

Principles of Effective Oral Communication:

Answer 9

1. Be clear with your purpose.
2. Be complete with the message you deliver.
3. Be concise.
4. Be natural with your delivery.
5. Be specific and timely with your feedback.

Question 10

Principles of Effective Written Communication (The 7 Cs):

Answer 10

1. Be Clear
2. Be Concise
3. Be Concrete
4. Be Correct
5. Be Coherent
6. Be Complete
7. Be Courteous

Question 11

It emphasizes that morals influence the behavior of an individual, group, or organization thereby affecting their communication.

Answer 11

Communication Ethics

Question 12

To achieve ethical communication, one should…

Answer 12

1. Establish an effective value system that will pave the way for the development of your integrity as a person.
2. Provide complete and accurate information.
3. Disclose vital information adequately and appropriately.