General principles

Question 1

Tight junctions are composed of which molecules

Answer 1

Claudins and occludins

Question 2

Intermediate junctions (zona adherens) are composed of which molecule

Answer 2

Cadherins

Question 3

Desmosomes are composed of which molecules

Answer 3

Cadherins attached to intermediate filaments

Question 4

Molecules that attach hemidesmosomes to the extracellular matrix

Answer 4

Integrins

Question 5

Type of fibers that have slow contraction rates and high capacity for aerobic metabolism

Answer 5

Red fibers, type 1

Question 6

Type of fiber that hypertrophies with weight training

Answer 6

White fibers, type 2

Question 7

Endothelial enzyme that is activated by increased cGMP

Answer 7

Myosin phosphatase

Question 8

Function of the dorsal interosseous muscles

Answer 8

Abduct fingers

Question 9

Function of the palmar interosseous muscles

Answer 9

Adduct fingers

Question 10

Function of the lumbricals

Answer 10

• Flex the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints

* Extend the fingers at the interphalangeal joints

Question 11

Innervation of the interosseous muscles

Answer 11

Ulnar

Question 12

Components of the unhappy triad of knee injuries

Answer 12

• ACL
• MCL
• Meniscal tear

Question 13

Most commonly fractured carpal bone

Answer 13

Scaphoid

Question 14

Actions of the deep peroneal nerve

Answer 14

• Dorsiflexion and eversion

* Sensation of webspace between digits 1 and 2

Question 15

Actions of the superficial peroneal nerve

Answer 15

• Eversion

* Sensory innervation to the lateral leg

Question 16

Actions of the tibial nerve

Answer 16

Inversion and plantar flexion

Question 17

Function of the superior gluteal nerve

Answer 17

Stabilize the pelvis and ABDUCT the thigh

Question 18

The neurovascular bundle of the superior gluteals exits through which foramen

Answer 18

Greater sciatic foramen (upper border)

Question 19

Bones that undergo membranous ossification

Answer 19

• Facial bones
• Bones of the calvarium
• Clavicle

Question 20

Action that results in the power stroke of myosin

Answer 20

Loss of ADP from myosin head

Question 21

Branch of the median nerve that gets damaged following radius or ulnar fracture

Answer 21

Anterior interosseus

Question 22

Muscles of the anterior forearm that are not innervated by the median nerve

Answer 22

• Flexor carpi ulnaris

* Ulnar half of the flexor digitorium profundus

Question 23

Formula for active tension

Answer 23

Total tension - passive tension