General Phlebotomy Flashcards
Depth of a heel stick should not exceed
2.0mm
Additive of red/gray, red/black, SST is
Thixotropic Gel (For Serum Separation)
This can happen is tourniquet is left on too long
Hemoconcentration
You collect a STAT Electrolytes in a
Green Tube
Test where blood & urine are collected over specific intervals
GTT (Glucose Tolerance Testing)
A Hematoma can be prevented by
Applying pressure to the site
Most frequently occurring lab nosocomial infection
HBV
Selerotic Veins
Are Hard & Cord-like
A Fomite is
Inanimate things that cause disease
Tubes containing Anti-Coagulants are inverted how many times
8
Function of Thrombocytes is
Clotting or repairing blood vessels
Warming the site prior to dermal puncture
Increases blood flow to the site
Most common cause of Blood Culture contamination is
improper skin preparation
Blood in urine is called
Hematuria
“Butterfly” is also known as
WIS (Winged Infustion Set)
Additive for Green tube
Li / Na Heparin (Lithium Heparin / Sodium Heparin)
Excessive water between tissue
Edema
Red Blood Cells are
Erythrocytes
If blood is drawn from wrong patient you should
Immediately redraw specimems
Antiglycolytic agent the preserves glucose stability for (3) days
Na Fl (Sodium Flouride)
Hypoglycemia is
Low Blood Sugar
Your pt’s blood has been collected 3 times and every time the specimen hemolyzed. Possible Cause?
A 25G needle has been being used
21G, 23G, 18G, 16G - which is the smallest needle
23G
If pt has IV in an arm; where should you draw from?
the opposite arm or above the IV
Adequate rest & no food for 12 hours; this is considered to be in a
Basal State
Proper way to dispose of a needle
Put in sharps container without recapping, immediately after withdrawal from pt
Correct ending for venipuncture
Remove tourniquet, remove tube, remove needle, apply pressure
Most commonly used vein for venipuncture
Medial Cubital
Most common complication from phlebotomy
Hematoma
ERS collection tube is
Lavender
Additive for Light Blue
Na Citrate (Sodium Citrate)
Destruction of Red Blood Cells
Hemolysis
OSHA require health care workers to be vaccinated against
Hepatitis B Virus
PT/PTT, CBC, Ammonia Level, Cardiac Enzymes. Put in proper Order of Draw
Light Blue + Red + Green + Lavender
Additive for Gray Tube
(K) Oxalate (Potassium Oxalate)
Medial line extending from great toe & lateral line extending from the fourth & fifth toe
Boundaries for Heel Stick
Patient admitted to ER is unconscious & unidentifiable. What system is used to ensure pt identification?
3 part ID system that uses a temp armband & labels for specimens & blood transfusions
The purpose of a tourniquet
To enlarge vein so they are easier to locate
Collection device used for skin puncture
Capillary Tubes
If a tourniquet is tied too tight, the capillaries rupture causing
Petechiae
An obese pt needs a CBC drawn; which vein is most likely to be used?
Cephalic Vein
You are drawing an in-patient for a CO-AG (coagulation) study. What color tube would you use and how far would you fill it?
light blue, filled completely
Means of IDing a pt in a clinical lab (out-patient)
Asking his/her name
Excessive squeezing of a finger in a capillary pucture can be
Contaiminated with tissue Fluid
Giving pt adequate info concerning the method, risk & consequences prior to a procedure is called:
Informed Consent
Your pt jerks during a draw and you get stuck with the needle. You should
Wash wound with soapy water as soon as possible and report incident to your supervisor
CDC is
Center for Disease Control and Prevention
Innermost layer of a blood vessel is
Endothelial
Tube used for Gluclose Testing
Gray
Microorganisms that cause disease are
Pathogenic
A pt is taking asprin for arthritis. You should be concerned with
Bleeding Time
Pt suffering from seasonal allergies. What would be the picture of her WBC differential count?
Increased Eosinphils
What barrier protection is required when performing a venipuncture
Gloves
The Patient Bill of Rights gives the patient the right to
Refuse Treatment
You are on night shift and receive orders for all of the following tests within minutes of one another. Which has the greatest collection priority?
STAT Electrolytes in the ER
You are asked to collect a pt in the Oncology Dept. The pt is most likely being treated for:
Cancer
A PKU is being drawn. This speciemen is
Blood collected from the newborn’s heel
Called to ER to draw a CBC & Forensic Alcohol from a pt involved in an auto accident. Pt asks what blood tests the MD ordered. You should
You are not allowed to reveal that information
Infections contracted in a health care setting
Nosocomial Infection
Which tube will give you a serum specimen
Red/Gray Top (SST)
12-year-old female had a pregnancy test drawn. She returned to lab w/o her parents. You overheard the results were positive and she wants to know the results. You should
Tell her she needs to contact her physician to obtain results
Additive for Pink Tube
EDTA
What information IS NOT placed on a specimen
Diagnosis
Blood in an average adult body
5.0 L
How far above the collection site is the tourniquet placed
4” to 6”
Best sample for determinations of blood pH and blood gases?
Aterial Blood
Appropriate tube to draw blood for a Lead Level
EDTA or Heparin
Failure to give pt appropriate care is called
Negligence
Clean Catch midstream unrine sample is used for
Microbiological urine testing
A capillary is defined as
Microscopic vessel
The purpose or the accession number
Provides unique tracking number for the specimen with its test order
The BBP OSHA regulations require this to prevent needle stick injuries
Use of approved needle safety devices manufactured to cover the exposed needle immediately after procedure
A pt you were going to draw in the trauma room dies. A family member asks how their loved one is doing. You should
Tell them the physician will be with them momentarily
Function of Neutroophils
Phagocytes (engulf bacteria)
Group of tests requested as one unit is called
Profile
Excessively milking finger during skin puncture can result in
Hemolysis & contamination with tissue fluids
When inserting a needle the bevel should be facing
Upwards
If a pt has a syncopal episode during a blood draw, you should
Remove needle then remove tourniquet
This governs the size / guage needle you use
Size & Condition of the vein
The fluid portion of unclotted blood
Plasma
Tube for PT & PTT
Light Blue
Vascular phase of hemostasis is characterized by
Blood vessels constrict in response to injury
Lipemic blood is described as
Serum with milky appearance
Complication results from repeated draws from the same vein
Phlebitis
Referred as a Serum Separator (SST)
Red/Gray Tube
Post-prandal means
After a meal
Proper technique in obtaining capillary blood
Wipe off the first drop of blood
A tourniquet can stay in place no longer than
one minute
Most critical mistake a Phleotomist can make
Failing to properly identify patient
These have valves
Veins
A multi-sample needle is used
When more than one tubeis being collected
Cyanotic is
Bluish color due to the lack of O2 in blood
Life span of an Erythrocyte
120 days
Point of care testing
Typically performed at patient’s bedside
Dept in lab that would analyze CBC & ESR
Hematology
Department of Lab that wouod analyze a blood pregnancy test
Chemistry
Formed cellular Elements of blood consititute
45% of blood
The most important means of stopping the spread of infection is
Washing your hands
