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Pharmacology Boards > General Pharmacology > Flashcards

General Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Isoniazid MOA

A

Mycolic acid inhibitor

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2
Q

Pyrazinamide MOA

A

Mycolic acid inhibitor

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3
Q

Isoniazid and Pyrazinamide treat

A

Mycobacterial infections (TB)

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4
Q

Rafampin, Rifabutin, Rifapentin MOA

A

Inhibit bacterial RNA polymerase

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5
Q

Ethambutol MOA and use

A

Arabinosyl transferase inhibitor for mycobacterial infections

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6
Q

Dapsone MOA and use

A

Folic acid synthesis inhibitor for mycobacterial infections

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7
Q

TMP-SMX MOA and use

A

Folate synthesis inhibitors for Pneumocystic jirovecii infection

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8
Q

Chloroquine treats

A

Asexual erythrocytic malarial infections

High resistance

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9
Q

Quinine use

A

Eliminates asexual erythrocytic malarial infections

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10
Q

Mefloquine use

A

Malarial prophylaxis

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11
Q

Primaquine use

A

Hepatic P. ovale and P. vivax hepatic infections

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12
Q

Artemesinin use

A

MDR Plasmodium falciparum infections

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13
Q

Bendazole MOA

A

Prevent parasitic mitosis

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14
Q

ALbendazole and Mebendazole use

A

Ascariasis, pinworm, hookworm, and whipworm

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15
Q

Thiabendazole use

A

Strongyloides infection and cutaneous larval migrans

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16
Q

Ivermectin MOA

A

causes hyperpolarization of helminthic muscle cells

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17
Q

Ivermectin use

A

Strongyloides

Nematodes (Loa loa, river blindness)

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18
Q

Pyrantel pamoate MOA

A

Depolarizes nematode muscle cells via cholinergic nicotinic receptors

PINWORMS

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19
Q

Praziquantel MOA and use

A

Increases Ca permeability to treat tapeworm and fluke infection

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20
Q

Amphotericin B MOA

A

Binds to ergosterol to form holes in fungal cell membrane

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21
Q

Azoles MOA

A

Inhibit ergosterol synthesis

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22
Q

5-flucocytosine MOA

A

Inhibits protein and nucleic acid synthesis by acting as pyramidine analog

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23
Q

-FUNGIN (echincandin) MOA

A

Inhibit fungal cell wall synthesis via B-glucan synthesis inhibition

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24
Q

Griseofulvin treats

A

Dermatophyte infections

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25
Q

TerbinaFINE MOA

A

inhibits qualine epoxidase to inhibit ergosterol synthesis

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26
Q

Nystatin MOA

A

Binds to ergosterol to form pores in fungal cell wall

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27
Q

Penicillins MOA

A

PBP binding and inhibition

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28
Q

Penicillins adverse effect

A

Hypersensitivity

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29
Q

Cephalosporins MOA

A

PBP binding and inhibition

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30
Q

Cephalosporins adverse effect

A

Hypersensitivity

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31
Q

Aztreonam MOA

A

Monobactam PBP binding

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32
Q

Carbapenems MOA

A

PBP binding

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33
Q

Vancomycin MOA

A

Prevents peptidoglycan elongation to prevent cell wall synthesis

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34
Q

Bacitracin MOA

A

Blocks nucleic acid incorporation into cell wall

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35
Q

Fosfomycin MOA

A

Prevents UDP-N-acetylmuramic acid synthesis

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36
Q

Daptomycin MOA

A

Bactericidal via cell wall membrane binding and depolarization

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37
Q

Aminoglycosides MOA

A

30S binding to block initiation complex

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38
Q

Macrolides MOA

A

50S P site binding

39
Q

Aminoglycosides side effects

A

Nephrotoxicity

Ototoxicity

40
Q

Tetracyclines MOA

A

30S A site binding

41
Q

Tetracyclines side effects

A

Photosensitivity

42
Q

Clindamycin MOA

A

50S binding

43
Q

Chloramphenicol MOA

A

50S binding

44
Q

Linezolid MOA

A

50S binding

45
Q

Chloramphenicol side effect

A

Gray baby syndrome

46
Q

Sulfazonamides MOA

A

PABA competiter to block folic acid synthesis

47
Q

Trimethoprims MOA

A

DHFR inhibitors to block DNA synthesis

48
Q

(FLOXACIN) Fluoroquinolones MOA

A

Topoisomerase II and IV blocker to prevent DNA winding and separation

49
Q

Phenelzine class

A

MAOI

50
Q

Tranylcypromine class

A

MAOI

51
Q

Selegiline class

A

MAOI -B at low dose

52
Q

Imipramine class

A

TCA

53
Q

Desipramine class

A

TCA

54
Q

Amitriptyline class

A

TCA

55
Q

Fluoxetine class

A

SSRI

56
Q

Sertraline class

A

SSRI

57
Q

Paroxetine class

A

SSRI

58
Q

Citalopram class

A

SSRI

59
Q

Escitalopram class

A

SSRI

60
Q

Fluvoxamine class

A

SSRI

61
Q

Venlafaxine class

A

SNRI

62
Q

Duloxetine class

A

SNRI

63
Q

Trazodone MOA

A

5-HT2 receptor blocker for insomnia

64
Q

Bupropion MOA

A

NE and DA reuptake blocker

65
Q

Valproic acid use

A

Acute mania

66
Q

Carbamazepine use

A

Acute mania

67
Q

Barbituates MOA

A

potentiate GABA Cl receptors for neuronal inhibition

68
Q

Buspirone use

A

Non sedating anxiolytic

69
Q

Buspirone MOA

A

Partial 5-HT1A receptor agonist

70
Q

Doxapram use

A

Counters post anesthetic respiratory depression

71
Q

Doxapram MOA

A

Binds to carotid and medullary chemoreceptors to increase TIDAL VOLUME and RR

72
Q

Amphetamines MOA

A

Increase synaptic DA, NE and inhibit DAT, SERT, NET

73
Q

Rapid acting insulins

A

Lispro
Aspart
Glulisine

74
Q

Long acting insulins

A

Detemir

Glargine

75
Q

Metformin MOA

A

Decreases HEPATIC glucose output

76
Q

Metformin side effects

A

Diarrhea
Nausea
B12 Deficiency

77
Q

Sulfonylureas

A

Glimepiride
Glipizide
Glyburide

78
Q

Sulfonylureas MOA

A

Inhibit ATP sensitive K channels to stimulate RELEASE OF INSULIN

79
Q

Meglinitides

A

RepaGLINIDE

NateGLINIDE

80
Q

Sulfonylureas and meglinitides MOA

A

Inhibits ATP sensitive K channels to stimulate RELEASE OF INSULIN

81
Q

SUlfonylureas and meglinitides side effects

A

HYPOGLYCEMIA
GI upset
Weight gain

82
Q

Glucosidase inhibitors

A

Acarbose

Miglitol

83
Q

Acarbose and Miglitol MOA

A

GLucosidase inhibitors in brush borders to decrease GLUCOSE uptake

84
Q

PiroGLITAZONE and RosiGLITAZONE use

A

Oral antidiabetic agents

85
Q

PioGLITAZONE and RosiGLITAZONE MOA

A

Activate PPARy to decrease peripheral resistance

May cause MI or hypoglycemia

86
Q

-GLIPTIN suffix use

A

Oral antidiabetic agents

87
Q

-GLIPTIN suffix MOA

A

Inhibit INCRETIN degredation via DPP inhibition

88
Q

-GLIPTIN side effects

A

URI
Pharyngitis
PANCREATITIS

89
Q

-GLIFLOZIN use

A

Oral antidiabetic agent

90
Q

-GLIFLOZIN MOA

A

SGLT2 inhibitor to reduce RENAL glucose reabsorption

91
Q

Capsaicin MOA

A

Depletes SUBSTANCE P

92
Q

Capsaicin use

A

RA
OA
Neuralgia

93
Q

Methadone use

A

Opioid to help treat addicts

94
Q

MAOI and opioid adverse effect in combination

A

Hyperpyrexia and HTN

Pharmacology Boards (5 decks)

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