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Joint Diseases of the Forelimb > General Knowledge > Flashcards

General Knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

What aged animal is affected by OCD

A

Young

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2
Q

What aged animals are affected by biceps tedinopathy?

A

Middle-older

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3
Q

The prognosis for OCD of the humeral head following treatment is generally…

A

Excellent

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4
Q

The major complication associated with surgical repair of scapulohumeral joint luxations is…

A

Reluxation

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5
Q

A Spica splint is indicated after performing shoulder arthrodesis…

A

When applying only 1 bone plate

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6
Q

Congenital luxation is most commonly diagnosed in small and medium breed dogs of what age?

A

Between 3 and 10 months of age

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7
Q

The success rate of medical management of patients with bicipital tenosynovitis is…

A

50-75%

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8
Q

Where do you need to inject intra-articular medication to reach a disease affecting the biceps tendon?

A

Scapulohumeral joint

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9
Q

The prognosis for full functional recovery after surgical treatment of a displaced biceps tendon is generally…

A

Excellent

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10
Q

Which of the following answers regarding OCD is correct?

A) OCD commonly affects the cranial aspect of the humeral head

B) OCD commonly affects the lateral aspect of the humeral head

C) OCD commonly affects the caudal aspect of the humeral head

D) OCD commonly affects the medial aspect of the humeral head

A

OCD commonly affects the caudal aspect of the humeral head

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11
Q

The normal value for shoulder joint flexion in dogs is…

A

57

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12
Q

Which of the following is correct?
There are 2 palmar sesamoid bones at each metacarpophalangeal joint.

There are 2 dorsal sesamoid bones at each metacarpophalangeal joint.

There are 2 dorsal sesamoid bones at each metacarpophalangeal joint apart from metacarpophalangeal joint I.

There are 2 palmar sesamoid bones at each metacarpophalangeal joint apart from metacarpophalangeal joint I.

A

There are 2 palmar sesamoid bones at each metacarpophalangeal joint apart from metacarpophalangeal joint I.

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13
Q

Which of the following is correct?

The abductor pollicis longus muscle is lateral to the common digital extensor muscle.

The common digital extensor muscles is lateral to the lateral digital extensor muscle.

The lateral digital extensor muscle is medial to the abductor pollicis longus muscle.

The common digital extensor muscle is lateral to the abductor pollicis longus muscle.

A

The common digital extensor muscle is lateral to the abductor pollicis longus muscle.

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14
Q

Which of the following is correct?

Bony bridging after PCA using plates is expected within 8 weeks.

Bony bridging after PCA using plates is expected within 6 weeks.

Bony bridging after PCA using plates is from 10 weeks.

Bony bridging after PCA using plates is expected within 4 weeks.

A

Bony bridging after PCA using plates is from 10 weeks

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15
Q

The antebrachiocarpal joint is responsible for how much movement of the entire carpus?

A

85% of movement of the entire carpus

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16
Q

Which of the following is correct?

Revision surgery is required in up to 25% of dogs after pancarpal arthrodesis.

The plate needs to be contoured at an angle of 5 of carpal extension.

The PCA plate should cover the at least 30% of the metacarpal bones.

The PCA plate should cover at least 50% of the radial bone.

A

Revision surgery is required in up to 25% of dogs after pancarpal arthrodesis.

17
Q

The major deep ligaments of the carpus are…

Palmar radiocarpal ligament

Short ulnar collateral ligament

Radioulnar ligament

Dorsal radiocarpal ligament

A

Palmar radiocarpal ligament

18
Q

A diagnosis of carpal hyperextension can be made when the joint angle exceeds what angle during stress radiography?

A

15 - 20° of hyperextension during stress radiography.

19
Q

At which level of the carpal joint do luxations occur most commonly?

A

Carpometacarpal joint

20
Q

Which of the following answers regarding the medial collateral ligament is correct?

The straight and the oblique part are taught during flexion.

The straight and the oblique part are taught during extension.

The straight part is taught during extension and the oblique part during flexion.

The straight part is taught during flexion and the oblique part during extension

A

The straight part is taught during extension and the oblique part during flexion.

21
Q

Type II congenital elbow luxation…
A) Is characterised by lateral rotation and subluxation or luxation of the ulna with occasional dislocation of the radial head.

B) Results in luxation of the radius and ulna, sin lateral or caudolateral rotation of the proximal ulna and subluxation or luxation of the humero-ulnar joint.

C) Is characterised by medial rotation and subluxation or luxation of the ulna with occasional dislocation of the radial head.

D) Results in lateral or caudolateral dislocation of the radial head with the ulna in normal position.

A

A) Is characterised by lateral rotation and subluxation or luxation of the ulna with occasional dislocation of the radial head.

22
Q

Which of the following answers is correct?

A) Ulnar notch dysplasia is the most common cause of radioulnar incongruency.

B) Short ulna syndrome predisposes dogs to develop MCPD.

C) Humeroulnar incongruency predisposes dogs to develop UAP and MCPD.

D) Short radius syndrome predisposes dogs to develop UAP

A

C) Humeroulnar incongruency predisposes dogs to develop UAP and MCPD.

23
Q

Which of the following are flexors of the elbow joint?

Anconeal muscle

Triceps brachii muscle

Extensor carpi radialis muscle

Tensor facia antebrachia muscle

A

Extensor carpi radialis muscle

24
Q

Contraindications for closed reduction of elbow luxations are…

A) Concurrent orthopaedic injuries

B) Poor patient/owner compliance

C) Chronic luxation

D) Significant soft tissue damage

A

C) Chronic luxation

25
Q

Dogs and cats with traumatic elbow luxation…

A) Carry the affected antebrachium in adduction

B) Present with the affected antebrachium in pronation

C) Hold the affected elbow in mild flexion

D) Show a moderate degree of lameness

A

C) Hold the affected elbow in mild flexion

26
Q

What is the prognosis for OCD of the humeral condyle?

27
Q

Most serious complications occur in…

A) PAUL

B) SHO

C) DUO

D) CUE

28
Q

Which of the following statements regarding diagnosis of radioulnar incongruency is correct?

A) CT has a low sensitivity and low specificity

B) CT has a high sensitivity and low specificity

C) CT has a low sensitivity and high specificity

D) CT has a high sensitivity and high specificity

A

B) CT has a high sensitivity and low specificity

29
Q

Which of the following would not be a reasonable indication for a lateral approach to the humeral condyle?

A) Ununited anconeal process

B) Fragmentation of the medial coronoid process

C) Medial collateral ligament repair

D) Lateral humeral condylar fractures

A

B) Fragmentation of the medial coronoid process

C) Medial collateral ligament repair

30
Q

Which of the following structures is acting as a passive stabiliser of the shoulder joint?

  • Lateral glenohumeral ligament
  • Teres minor muscle
  • Teres major muscle
  • Supraspinatus muscle
A

Lateral glenohumeral ligament

31
Q

Which of the following answers regarding OCD is correct?

  • OCD is commonly affecting the medial aspect of the humeral condyle
  • OCD is commonly affecting the lateral aspect of the humeral condyle
  • OCD is commonly affecting the medial aspect of the humeral head
  • OCD is commonly affecting the lateral aspect of the humeral head
A

OCD is commonly affecting the medial aspect of the humeral condyle

32
Q

What are the sequels to premature closure of the distal ulnar physis?

  • Shortening of the radius
  • Internal rotation of the paw
  • Shortening of the ulna
  • Cranial bowing of the ulna
A
  • Shortening of the ulna
33
Q

Which of the following physeal fractures involve the physis and the epiphysis, but not the metaphysis?

  • Salter Harris Type I
  • Salter Harris Type II
  • Salter Harris Type III
  • Salter Harris Type IV
A

Salter Harris Type III

34
Q

What is the prognosis for OCD of the humeral condyle?

  • Excellent
  • Good
  • Guarded
  • Poor
35
Q

Which of the following answers is correct?

a) A Velpau sling can be used to stabilise a lateral scapulohumeral luxation
b) A Velpau sling is contraindicated in medial scapulohumeral luxation
c) A Spica splint can be used to stabilise a medial scapulohumeral luxation
d) A Spica splint is contraindicated in lateral scapulohumeral luxation

A

C) A Spica splint can be used to stabilise a medial scapulohumeral luxation

36
Q

What is the appropriate angle of arthrodesis for the shoulder joint?

37
Q

Which of the following answers is correct?

  • Short radius syndrome predisposes dogs to develop UAP.
  • Short ulna syndrome predisposes dogs to develop FCP
  • Humeroulnar incongruency predisposes dogs to develop UAP and FCP
  • Ulnar notch dysplasia is the most common cause of radioulnar incongruency.
A

Humeroulnar incongruency predisposes dogs to develop UAP and FC

38
Q

Which of the following answers regarding UAP is correct?

  • The fusion of the anconeal process to the olecranon is complete by 3 months
  • The fusion of the anconeal process to the olecranon is complete by 4 months
  • The fusion of the anconeal process to the olecranon is complete by 5 months
  • The fusion of the anconeal process to the olecranon is complete by 6 months
A

The fusion of the anconeal process to the olecranon is complete by 5 months

39
Q

What is the prognosis for OCD of the caudo-medial part of the humeral head?

Joint Diseases of the Forelimb (10 decks)

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