General knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

dialektisch - Bedeutung

A

“Dialektisch” bezieht sich auf eine Methode des Argumentierens oder des Denkens, die auf dem Prinzip von These, Antithese und Synthese basiert. Dabei werden gegensätzliche Ansichten oder Ideen betrachtet und gegeneinander abgewogen, um zu einer umfassenderen Verständnis oder Lösung zu gelangen.

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2
Q

teleologisch - Bedeutung

A

“Teleologisch” bezieht sich auf eine Denkweise oder Interpretation, die Phänomene im Hinblick auf ihren Zweck oder ihr Ziel betrachtet. In der Philosophie und Wissenschaft meint es oft eine Erklärung von Vorgängen oder Strukturen durch deren Zwecke oder Ziele, anstatt durch ihre unmittelbaren Ursachen.

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3
Q

Cytosol

A

flüssige Bestandteile des Cytoplasmas der eukaryotischen und prokaryotischen Zellen

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4
Q

eukaryotische vs prokaryotische Zellen

A

eukaryotische Zellen besitzen einen echten Zellkern

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5
Q

Cellular Respiration

A

Glucose –> Glycolysis (10 Enzymes) –> Pyruvate –> Pyruvate Oxidation –> Citric Acid Cycle (4 Carbon string going in a circle) –> Oxidative Phosphorylation

Transport molecules: NADH
Output: ATP, CO2, H2O

Leftover electrons + positive H power (like damn) the ATP generation inside Mitochondria

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6
Q

Theory of how the brain learns

A

Hebbian learning - the idea is that neurons which activate at roughly the same time become more strongly connected - often summarized as “cells that fire together wire together” - Hebbian learning can explain how brains learn simple associations - think of Pavlov’s dog salivating at the sound of a bell - but for more complicated tasks, like learning a language, Hebbian learning seems to inefficient

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6
Q

Backpropagation - how it works and how popularized it

A

Dr Hinton - efficient application of the chain rule to NNs - computes the gradient of a loss function with respect to the weights of the network for a single input–output example, and does so efficiently, computing the gradient one layer at a time, iterating backward from the last layer to avoid redundant calculations of intermediate terms in the chain rule

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7
Q

Basic body language recognition

A
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8
Q

How to become luckier

A

Expose yourself to more opportunities, events, and especially: PEOPLE/NETWORK - and have a positive, ambitious mindset, be grateful, and resilient

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9
Q

How is the (normal human) tendency to see all sorts of patterns in randomness called?

A

apophenia - common in all sorts of things, e.g. also trading

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10
Q

Number 1 productivity tool/hack

A

Time-boxing - e.g. with calendar - think school, university, work, etc.

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