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Oral, Pharyngeal and Aural surgery > General Knowledge > Flashcards

General Knowledge Flashcards

1
Q

What is the definition of dysphagia?

A

Difficulty swallowing at any stage of deglutition

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2
Q

Which masticatory muscle extends from the occipital region of the skull to the ventral border of the body of the mandible?

A

Digastricus

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3
Q

What is the most common feline oral tumour?

A

SCC

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4
Q

You are presented with a seven-year old Cocker Spaniel with a chronic history of severe unilateral otitis externa. On clinical and otoscopic examination you note the vertical and horizontal canal on the affected side are chronically diseased, severely stenotic and hard on palpation. What surgical procedure(s) are indicated?

A

Total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy

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5
Q

What age would be the most appropriate for repair of a congenital defect of the secondary (hard or soft) palate?

A

3-4 months

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6
Q

What is the most common tumour of the lip in dogs?

A

Melanoma

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7
Q

Which blood vessel must be preserved when performing hard palate repair using a mucoperiosteal flap in the dog?

A

Major palatine artery

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8
Q

What is the most common oral tumour in dogs?

A

Malignant Melanoma

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9
Q

When performing a rostral mandibulectomy, what blood vessel will require ligation or cauterisation once the osteotomy has been completed?

A

Inferior alveolar artery

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10
Q

Which salivary gland is encountered during a lateral wall resection?

A

Parotid

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11
Q

In surgical repair of a traumatic lip avulsion what measures can be taken to improve suture purchase in the limited soft tissue available?

A

Use of bone tunnels to anchor the submucosa

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12
Q

You are presented with a thirteen-year-old Labrador with a neoplastic mass at the base of the tongue. What would be the most important aspect of staging to be done in this case?

A

Aspirate or remove submandibular lymph nodes

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13
Q

During swallowing, a bolus of food CANNOT pass from the base of the tongue through the pharynx. What stage of deglutition is affected?

A

Pharyngeal

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14
Q

Which muscles are responsible for contraction of the soft palate against the wall of the pharynx to protect the airway during swallowing?

A

Veli palatini muscle

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15
Q

Without appropriate treatment, acute stick injuries may become chronic. What percentage of chronic stick injury cases resolve?

A

62%

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16
Q

A feline patient has undergone major mandibular reconstruction following trauma. What measures can be taken to help manage the post-operative period?

Placement of an oesophagostomy tube

Careful assisted grooming of the face and neck

Regular re-assessment of pain and analgesia

All of the above

A

All of the above

17
Q

How can the restricted surgical access in the oral cavity associated with an endotracheal tube be overcome?

A

Intubation via a pharyngotomy or tracheotomy incision

18
Q

Question 8
Correct
Mark 1.00 out of 1.00
What are the reported metastatic rates of tonsillar versus non-tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma?

A

:

Non-tonsillar: 20 / Tonsillar: 90

19
Q

What would be the most appropriate method of treatment of a small penetrating injury to the rostral aspect of the tongue?

A

Local debridement and repair

20
Q

You are removing a 5 mm, acanthomatous ameloblastoma lesion centred on the dental arcade between the lower pre-molars on the right-side, in a large breed dog. What would be the most appropriate surgery to excise this?

A

Rim excision mandibulectomy

21
Q

When presented with a dog with an oral tumour, what pre-operative staging procedures should be performed?

A

Biopsy of mass
Thoracic imaging
FNA of submandibular LN

22
Q

What is the most common repair used to treat traumatic midline clefts in the hard palate of cats?

A

Medially positioned flap technique

23
Q

What is the function of the levator veli palatini muscle?

To depress the soft palate

To stretch the soft palate

To elevate the soft palate

To shorten the soft palate

A

To elevate the soft palate

24
Q

You need to remove a 4 mm diameter tumour centred over tooth 402 in a large breed dog. Where would you make your mandibulectomy resection incisions?

After teeth 301 and 403

After teeth 401 and 403

After teeth 302 and 404

After teeth 303 and 404

A

After teeth 303 and 404

25
Q

What is the most significant risk of palate repair?

A

Dehiscence

26
Q

Which of the masticatory muscles is responsible for opening the jaw?

A

Digastricus

27
Q

hat is the most common oral tumour seen in dogs?

A

Melanoma

28
Q

Cats tend to tolerate mandibulectomy and maxillectomy procedures less well than dogs. What additional procedure should be performed to prepare for this at all times in cats when performing one of these surgeries?

A

Feeding tube placement

29
Q

In cats with nasopharyngeal polyps, what is the recurrence rate when treated with traction and oral steroid therapy?

A

10%

30
Q

You are presented with a cat with a mast cell tumour of the pinna. What margin is required for removal?

A

Narrow

31
Q

What important anatomic structures of note to the surgeon lie close to the osseous ear canal? (3)

A

External carotid artery, facial nerve, retroglenoid vein

32
Q

You perform a CT scan on a one-year-old French Bulldog and identify the bulla to be filled with something of soft tissue opacity. What is the most likely cause?

A

Secretory otitis media

33
Q

Which of the following are goals of treatment for aural haematoma?

Question 5Answer

Improve hearing

Remove blood clot

Prevent recurrence

Prevent aural canal stenosis

Restore normal anatomy

A

Prevent recurrence,

Restore normal anatomy

34
Q

You are presented with a dog with a mast cell tumour of the pinna. What margin is required for removal?

A

2 cm with deep fascial plane

35
Q

On otoscopic examination of the aural canal of a patient you suspect has otitis media, you visualise an intact tympanic membrane. How should you interpret this finding?

A

his information cannot be used to definitively diagnose the presence or absence of otitis media

36
Q

What is the most commonly isolated bacteria from the ear canals of dogs with otitis externa?

A

Staphylococcus intermedius

37
Q

What type of nerve damage are cats more prone to after middle ear surgery than dogs?

A

Sympathetic

Oral, Pharyngeal and Aural surgery (10 decks)

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