General Knowledge Flashcards
What is the definition of dysphagia?
Difficulty swallowing at any stage of deglutition
Which masticatory muscle extends from the occipital region of the skull to the ventral border of the body of the mandible?
Digastricus
What is the most common feline oral tumour?
SCC
You are presented with a seven-year old Cocker Spaniel with a chronic history of severe unilateral otitis externa. On clinical and otoscopic examination you note the vertical and horizontal canal on the affected side are chronically diseased, severely stenotic and hard on palpation. What surgical procedure(s) are indicated?
Total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy
What age would be the most appropriate for repair of a congenital defect of the secondary (hard or soft) palate?
3-4 months
What is the most common tumour of the lip in dogs?
Melanoma
Which blood vessel must be preserved when performing hard palate repair using a mucoperiosteal flap in the dog?
Major palatine artery
What is the most common oral tumour in dogs?
Malignant Melanoma
When performing a rostral mandibulectomy, what blood vessel will require ligation or cauterisation once the osteotomy has been completed?
Inferior alveolar artery
Which salivary gland is encountered during a lateral wall resection?
Parotid
In surgical repair of a traumatic lip avulsion what measures can be taken to improve suture purchase in the limited soft tissue available?
Use of bone tunnels to anchor the submucosa
You are presented with a thirteen-year-old Labrador with a neoplastic mass at the base of the tongue. What would be the most important aspect of staging to be done in this case?
Aspirate or remove submandibular lymph nodes
During swallowing, a bolus of food CANNOT pass from the base of the tongue through the pharynx. What stage of deglutition is affected?
Pharyngeal
Which muscles are responsible for contraction of the soft palate against the wall of the pharynx to protect the airway during swallowing?
Veli palatini muscle
Without appropriate treatment, acute stick injuries may become chronic. What percentage of chronic stick injury cases resolve?
62%
A feline patient has undergone major mandibular reconstruction following trauma. What measures can be taken to help manage the post-operative period?
Placement of an oesophagostomy tube
Careful assisted grooming of the face and neck
Regular re-assessment of pain and analgesia
All of the above
All of the above
How can the restricted surgical access in the oral cavity associated with an endotracheal tube be overcome?
Intubation via a pharyngotomy or tracheotomy incision
Question 8
Correct
Mark 1.00 out of 1.00
What are the reported metastatic rates of tonsillar versus non-tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma?
:
Non-tonsillar: 20 / Tonsillar: 90
What would be the most appropriate method of treatment of a small penetrating injury to the rostral aspect of the tongue?
Local debridement and repair
You are removing a 5 mm, acanthomatous ameloblastoma lesion centred on the dental arcade between the lower pre-molars on the right-side, in a large breed dog. What would be the most appropriate surgery to excise this?
Rim excision mandibulectomy
When presented with a dog with an oral tumour, what pre-operative staging procedures should be performed?
Biopsy of mass
Thoracic imaging
FNA of submandibular LN
What is the most common repair used to treat traumatic midline clefts in the hard palate of cats?
Medially positioned flap technique
What is the function of the levator veli palatini muscle?
To depress the soft palate
To stretch the soft palate
To elevate the soft palate
To shorten the soft palate
To elevate the soft palate
You need to remove a 4 mm diameter tumour centred over tooth 402 in a large breed dog. Where would you make your mandibulectomy resection incisions?
After teeth 301 and 403
After teeth 401 and 403
After teeth 302 and 404
After teeth 303 and 404
After teeth 303 and 404
What is the most significant risk of palate repair?
Dehiscence
Which of the masticatory muscles is responsible for opening the jaw?
Digastricus
hat is the most common oral tumour seen in dogs?
Melanoma
Cats tend to tolerate mandibulectomy and maxillectomy procedures less well than dogs. What additional procedure should be performed to prepare for this at all times in cats when performing one of these surgeries?
Feeding tube placement
In cats with nasopharyngeal polyps, what is the recurrence rate when treated with traction and oral steroid therapy?
10%
You are presented with a cat with a mast cell tumour of the pinna. What margin is required for removal?
Narrow
What important anatomic structures of note to the surgeon lie close to the osseous ear canal? (3)
External carotid artery, facial nerve, retroglenoid vein
You perform a CT scan on a one-year-old French Bulldog and identify the bulla to be filled with something of soft tissue opacity. What is the most likely cause?
Secretory otitis media
Which of the following are goals of treatment for aural haematoma?
Question 5Answer
Improve hearing
Remove blood clot
Prevent recurrence
Prevent aural canal stenosis
Restore normal anatomy
Prevent recurrence,
Restore normal anatomy
You are presented with a dog with a mast cell tumour of the pinna. What margin is required for removal?
2 cm with deep fascial plane
On otoscopic examination of the aural canal of a patient you suspect has otitis media, you visualise an intact tympanic membrane. How should you interpret this finding?
his information cannot be used to definitively diagnose the presence or absence of otitis media
What is the most commonly isolated bacteria from the ear canals of dogs with otitis externa?
Staphylococcus intermedius
What type of nerve damage are cats more prone to after middle ear surgery than dogs?
Sympathetic
