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Physical and Chemical Principles > General Inorganic Chemistry > Flashcards

General Inorganic Chemistry Flashcards

1
Q

total mass in a chemical reaction in constant

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

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2
Q

A pure compound is made up of elements in the same proportion by mass, regardless of its quantity source.

A

Law of Definite Proportions

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3
Q

A chemical reaction only involves separation, combination, or rearrangement of atoms.

A

Law of Conservation of Mass

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4
Q

3 factors considered in the gold foil experiment

A

1) atom is an empty space
2) atom has a dense part - the nucleus
3) there has been a slight shift due to the protons in the nucleus (+ alpha particles repel + charged nucleus due to protons)

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5
Q

The hotter the body, the _____ the wavelength for maximum radiation.

A

shorter

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6
Q

Theory: when solids are heated, they emit electromagnetic radiation over a wide range of wavelengths

A

Quantum Theory (Max Planck)

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7
Q

Atoms and molecules could emit and absorb energy called _____

A

Quanta

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8
Q

Theory: Electrons are ejected from the surface of certain metals exposed to a light.

A

Photoelectric Effect (Albert Einstein)

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9
Q

Minimum frequency of light in photoelectric effect

A

Threshold frequency

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10
Q

A beam of light is actually a stream of particles called _____.

A

Photons

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11
Q

Constant known as the fundamental number of hydrogen

A

Rydberg Constant (RH; const. 16)

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12
Q

Describes the distribution of electrons in in an atom

A

Quantum Numbers

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13
Q

Wave functions of electrons in an atom

A

Atomic Orbital

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14
Q

Quantum numbers are derived from the mathematical solution of the _____.

A

Schrodinger Equation

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15
Q

Theory: The square of the wave function determines the probability distribution of an electron in space.

A

Born Interpretation

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16
Q

Pertains to the average distance of the electron from the nucleus in a particular orbital

A

Principal Quantum Number, n

17
Q

Determines the size of the orbital

A

Principal Quantum Number, n

18
Q

Determines the shape of the orbital

A

Angular Momentum Quantum Number, l

19
Q

Determines the orientation of orbitals in a three-dimensional space

A

Magnetic Quantum Number, ml

20
Q

Determines the spin of electrons

A

Spin Quantum Number, ms

21
Q

Let us know how the electrons are distributed among the various atomic orbitals

A

Electron Configuration

22
Q

Address of an electron

A

Quantum Numbers

23
Q

Orbitals of an atoms must be filled up in increasing energy levels.

A

Aufbau Principle

24
Q

No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers and an atomic orbital must contain a maximum of two electrons with opposite spins

A

Pauli’s Exclusion Principle

25
Q

The most stable arrangement of electrons in subshells is the one with more parallel spins

A

Hund’s Rule of Multiplicity

26
Q

It is defined as the minimum amount of energy required to remove the most loosely bound electron from the valence shell of the isolated neutral gaseous atom in its ground state.

A

Ionization energy

27
Q

The ability of an atom’s inner electrons to shield its positively charged nucleus from its valence electrons (repulsive effects)

A

Electron Shielding

28
Q

The ability of an atom to accept an electron

A

Electron Affinity

29
Q

It is the relative tendency of an element present in a covalently bonded molecule to attract the shared pair of electrons toward itself.

A

Electronegativity

TIP: Malandi (high electron affinity) & Marupok (high ionization energy)

30
Q

A representation of covalent bonding in which shared electron pairs are shown either as lines or as pairs of dots.

A

Lewis Structure

31
Q

TRUE OR FALSE: Only valence electrons are shown in lewis structure

A

True

32
Q

Distance between nuclei of atoms forming a bond

a. bond order
b. bond length
c. bond energy

A

b. bond length

33
Q

number of shard pairs

a. bond order
b. bond length
c. bond energy

A

a. bond order

34
Q

amount of energy involved in the formation or breaking of bond

a. bond order
b. bond length
c. bond energy

A

c. bond energy

Physical and Chemical Principles (5 decks)

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