General IFR Flashcards
Landing minima vis
550m RVR
800m - without RVR, ALS beyond 420 US
1200m - without flying to min on AP or FD, failure warning system for AHRS US, HIREL US, ALS beyond 210 US
1500m - ALS US
1.5x the RVR if lighting is double spaced
Missed approach requirements
- During final segment,flown outside tolerance
- When GNSS used as substitute, sustained deviation from centreline
- Below MSA, an aid unreliable (including RAIM)
- Less than min vis or loss of reference during circling
- At or below minima, less than required vis, loss of visual reference or unable to effect a normal landing
(- Visual reference not established at minima AND - Landing cannot be effected from runway approach) AIP
What should be seen at minima of IAP at min vis?
ILS ALS 900
- 550 RVR = just past 1st crossbar
- 800 = just past 3rd crossbar
ILS ALS 420 (800m) = 1st light of the ALS
ILS ALS 210 (1200m) = Threshold lighting and all of the ALS
ILS no ALS (1500m) = the whole touchdown zone (580m past threshold)
NPA without ALS - Runway threshold and first markers should be visible
+580m with accurate QNH
Holding speed limits
230 to FL140
240 FL140 to FL200
265 above FL200
Qualifying multi engine AC for take off minima purposes
At least 2 pilots
Operative auto feather
Can maintain terrain clearance after engine failure till min height for IFR
IFR Cat C speeds
Initial 160-240
Final 115-160
Circling 180
Missed approach 240
Company Cat C speeds
Initial 160-200
Final Vref+10 - 160
Circling 160-180
Missed approach Venr+10
Taxi distances to other aircraft
Turbo prop
- 15m at or below slow taxi power
- 23m stationary (power used to initiate movement)
Turbo jet
- 30m
- 46m
Radar distance limits
(Over 25kw radar)
37 meters rotating
60 meters stationary
Visual segment after an IAP
Can be offset up to 15°
Will intercept final at 1400m
Can manoeuvre:
- within circling area
- visual reference maintained (above min vis)
- in sight of ground and water
When are you established on an straight-in approach/reversal?
AIP ENR 1.5 - 1.20
- half scale deflection (ILS, VOR, GNSS)
- 5° NDB
- 2nm DME arc
Which entries for a DME arc holding pattern?
1 and 3
RV can’t be used for?
- Cat 1 vis less than 800m
- Take-off vis less than 350m
ILS tracking validity within?
35° (false courses may exist outside this)
Light signals air
Green steady - land
Green flashing - return to land
Red steady - continue circling
Red flashing - do not land
Light signals ground
Green steady - take-off
Green flashing - taxi
Red steady - stop
Red flashing - move off runway and taxi clear
White flashing - return to starting point
Transition altitude:
Transition level:
Transition layer:
FL110 not available:
FL120 not available:
- 10,000 ft
- lowest available FL
- 10,000 ft - lowest available FL (FL110 as base)
- QNH < 1013
- QNH < 980
Descent below LSALT
- Inst approach
- DME/GNSS arrival
- ATC radar vectoring
- Visual approach requirements
- VMC by day
Descent below MDA/DA
- Minima requirements met
- Visual reference can be maintained
- In a position where landing can be made at normal rates of descent/manoeuvres
Taxiway light spacing
Either 15 (low vis airports) or 30
60 on some long straights
7.5 curves in low vis
Piano keys and runway width
30m = 8 (1.5m wide)
45m = 12 (1.7m wide)
60m = 16
Runway centreline marking specs.
At least 30m long (up to 45m theoretically)
0.45m (CAT I) 0.9m (CAT II/III) wide
Notify ATC of RAIM issue
Enroute - after 5 min
Terminal - immediately
When ATC request distance based on GNSS - immediately
When ATC grant a clearance based on GNSS - immediately
GNSS receiver in dead reckoning mode - after 1 minute
In the vicinity of = ?
10nm
A height that could result in conflict
Class G take off sepration
Other aircraft is airborne and has:
- Crossed upwind end of runway OR
- Commenced a turn OR
- Airborne and 1800m ahead on an 1800m runway
Landing aircraft has vacated and taxiing away
Aircraft crossed or stopped short on crossing runway
Class G landing separation
Other aircraft is airborne and has:
- Made a turn OR
- Beyond a point on the runway beyond where you can stop and there’s room for a missed
Preceding landing aircraft has:
- Vacated and taxiing away
- Crossed or stopped short of other runway
Runway edge and centreline lighting details
Edge
- 60m spacing
- Yellow for the last 600m
Centreline
- 15m (<350rvr) 30m (350rvr or more)
- 2 red 2 white last 900-300m
- solid red last 300m
What divergence between aid and GNSS on a DME/GNSS arrival constitutes discontinuing the approach?
NDB - 6.9°
VOR - 5.2°
EPT
D x GS home / GS home + GS there
D = distance, or trip time, or any other unit of measuring the trip one way
(answer will be presented in that unit)
PNR
SE x GS home / GS home + GS there
SE = safe endurance in time/kg/litres
(answer presented in that unit)
(Remove all departure requirements to find SE from total fuel)
