General Embryology

Question 1

What makes up the first 8 weeks of gestation? (2)

Answer 1

Preimplantation and embryonic period

Question 2

Each craniofacial structure has a….?

Answer 2

Primordium

Question 3

After fertilization of the zygote mitosis leads to what?

Answer 3

Blastocyst

Question 4

What structure implants into the uterus?

Answer 4

blastocyst

Question 5

What is critical for craniofacial development?

Answer 5

BMP (Bone Morphogenic Protein)

Question 6

HOX genes are the blue print for?

Answer 6

Develop limbs and spine

Question 7

Msx Genes genes are the blue print for?

Answer 7

differentiation and proliferation

Question 8

Shh (sonic hedgehog) genes are the blue print for?

Answer 8

induction of facial primordium

Question 9

Dlx genes genes are the blue print for?

Answer 9

lateral border of the neural plate

Question 10

What are Ca dependent adhesion molecules?

Answer 10

Cadherins

Question 11

Neurectoderm progenitors express

Answer 11

N-CAM

Question 12

Skin Ectoderm progen

Answer 12

L-CAM

Question 13

After the zygote cleaves a few times it is called

Answer 13

morula

Question 14

How long does a blastocyst endure for?

Answer 14

until 3 distinct germ layers have formed.

Question 15

What things form during the embryonic period? (3)

Answer 15

Pharyngeal arches
Somite development
Face development

Question 16

What occures during patterning in embryonic period?

Answer 16

spatial and temporal events

Question 17

Gastrulation is what?

Answer 17

Formation of 3 germ layers

Question 18

Dorsal cells are also known as?

Answer 18

epiblast layer

Question 19

Ventral cells are also known as?

Answer 19

Hypoblast layer

Question 20

Hypoblast and epiblast layers form from?

Answer 20

Germ Disk

Question 21

What cells form the true embryonic endoderm and mesoderm?

Answer 21

mesoblast cells

Question 22

what is the primitive mouth called in embryological development

Answer 22

stomodeum

Question 23

What part of the mesoderm forms cartilage, segmented muscles?

Answer 23

Paraxial

Question 24

What part of the mesoderm forms Kidneys, gonads?

Answer 24

Inetermediate

Question 25

What part of the mesoderm forms Heart, GUt?

Answer 25

Lateral Plate

Question 26

The neural tube expands to form what there parts?

Answer 26

Forebrain Midbrain Hindbrain

Question 27

What is it called when the neural crest cells fail to migrate to the facial region?

Answer 27

Treacher Collins Syndrome

Question 28

What causes the mesoderm to break apart?

Answer 28

attachment proteins from E to N

Question 29

What 3 tings happen post gastrulation?

Answer 29

1. ) Differentiation of nervous system 2. ) Formation/migration of the neural crest 3. ) Embryo folding