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Boards 2 chiroessentials (1) > General diagnosis - Rectal and urogenital exam > Flashcards

General diagnosis - Rectal and urogenital exam Flashcards

1
Q

Bacterial vaginosis

A

gynecologist referral

  • fishy smelling watery discharge after sex or menstruation
  • inflammatory condition of the vagina (associated w/: gardnerell species overgrowth)
  • vagianl pH > 4.5, numerous clue cells, + amine test confirms Dx
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2
Q

Cancer of the penis

A

urologist referral

  • non-healing ulcer or mass on the glans penis or foreskin with inguinal node spread
  • neoplastic condition of the penis; associated w/ chronic HPV infection
  • biopsy confirms Dx
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3
Q

Cancer of the vulva

A

gynecologist referral (biopsy confirm Dx)

  • non-healing ulcer or mass in the vulva with spread to involve the inguinal nodes
  • neoplastic condition of the vulva; associated w/: chronic HPV infection
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4
Q

candidiasis

A

gynecologist referral for treatment

  • sever vulvar and vaginal itching with thick cottage cheese discharge
  • infection of the vulva/vagina d/t candida albicans overgrowth; after use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and in diabetics
  • labs: discharge have buds and branching hyphae (characteristic of candida albicans)
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5
Q

cervical cancer

A

gynecologist referral (PAP smear and follow up biopsy)

  • post-coital (after sex), bleeding and non-healing erosion of cervix
  • neoplasia of the cervix; MC associate w/ chronic HPV infection
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6
Q

chancroid

A

medical practitioner referral

  • painful yellow genital ulcers, swollen tender inguinal lymph nodes
  • seually transmitted disease cause by Hemophilus ducreyi
  • tissue culture to confirm Dx
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7
Q

endometriosis

A

Co-manage with gynecologist

  • severe dysmenorrhea, painful nodules in the adnexa, retroverted uterus and infertility
  • deposition of endometrial tissue outside uterine cavity; commonly in broad ll., on the ovary and in the pelvis
  • laproscopic biopsy of chocolate cysts in the pelvis confirm Dx
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8
Q

epididymo-orchitis

A

hospital referral

  • tender swollen testis and epididymis, prehn’s sign (elevation of scrotum relive pain) may be present
  • acute inflammation of the testes and epididymis; associated with gonorrhea and chlamydia
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9
Q

granuloma inguinale

A

medical practitioner referral

  • painless beef-red ulcers in genital region
  • STD d/t calymmatobaacterium (klebsiella) granulamatis
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10
Q

herpes genitalis

A

Co-manage with medical practitioner

  • painful recurrent multiple vesicles and shallow ulcers in the genital region
  • STD d/t herpes simplex type 2 infection
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11
Q

lymphogranuloma venereum

A

medical practitioner referral for antibiotics

  • fleeting rash, followed by swollen painful draining inguinal lymph nodes (buboes), and rectal strictures
  • uncommon STD d/t chlamydia tachomatis types L1-3
  • sin of groove may be present in inguinal region
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12
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A

hospital referral

  • fever, lower abdominal pain, cervical motion tenderness, mucopurulent cervical discharge
  • inflammatory disease of uterus, fallopian tubes and surrounding pelvic connective tissue; d/t gnorrhea or chlamidia
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13
Q

prostatic cancer

A

urologist referral

  • often asymptomatic
  • symptomatic (cancer spread): hematuria, hard irregular prostate, LBP, fatigue, weight loss
  • slow-growing malignancy of the prostate gland
  • Labs: elevated PSA, alakaline phosphatase, hypercalcemia occurs with metastases
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14
Q

ovarian cancer

A

gynecologist referral

  • bloating, abdominal disconfrt adn ascites; 1 ovary enlarged
  • malignancy of ovary (MC after 50yo)
  • US confirm presence of mass
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15
Q

syphilis

A

Medical practitioner referral

  • painless hard nodule or genital ulcer
  • STD d/t treponema pallidum
    • VDRL, FTA-abs needed to confirm Dx
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16
Q

Testicular cancer

A

urologist referral

  • dull ache in scrotum with an enlarged irregular testis and gynecomastia
  • US confirms ECHOdensity of mass, biopsy confirms Dx
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17
Q

Trombosed external hemorrhoid

A

proctologist referral (if, conservative care with sitz baths and preparation H are not helpful)

  • vary tender blue swollen nodule at he anal orifice arising below the pectinate line
  • painful thrombosed tributary of the inferior rectal vein; associated with constipation
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18
Q

Torsion of the testis

A

urgent referral to confirm and do surgery

  • sudden onset of testicular/scrotal pain, refered to the periumbilical region, n/v, prehn’s sign is negative, affected testis will be higher than the other
  • uncommon twisting of the testis d/t long mesorchium
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19
Q

Trichomonas

A

gynecologist referral

  • vulvar itching, malodorus frothy yellow-green vaginal discharge female (asymptomatic in males)
  • STD d/t protozoan called trichomonas vaginalis
  • Lab: motile flagellates in discharge
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20
Q

Uterine leiomyoma (fibroids)

A

gynecologist referral

  • polymenorrhagia (frequent periods w/ prolonged bleeding), irregularly enlarged uterus, anemia
  • benign smooth mm tumors of the uterus (related to estrogen stimulation)
  • may be: microcytic hypochromic anemia d/t prolonged bleeding
21
Q

Varicocele

A

urologist referral

  • dragging sensation in scrotum, bag of worms’ sensation on palpation
  • vericose veins in pampiniform plexus of veins (MC on left)
  • doppler US confirms Dx
22
Q

bag of worms’ sensation on scrotum

A

varicocele

23
Q

buboes in groin (draining lymph nodes)

A

lymphogranuloma venereum

24
Q

cheesy white curds in the vagina

A

candidiasis

25
Q

craggy hard irregular nodule in prostate

A

prostatic cancer

26
Q

erosion on the cervix

A

cervical cancer

27
Q

irregular painless testicular enlargement

A

testicular cancer

28
Q

irregular uterine enlargement

A

uterine fibroids

29
Q

froth malodorous vaginal discharge

A

trichomaonas

30
Q

multiple painful shallow genital ulcers

A

herpes genitalis

31
Q

non-healing vulvar ulcer

A

carcinoma of the vulva

32
Q

non-healing penile ulcer

A

carcinoma of the penis

33
Q

painful bluish mass protruding from the anal orifice

A

thrombosed external hemorrhoid

34
Q

painful nodules in the adnexa

A

endometrosis

35
Q

painless fleshy mass protruding form anal orifice

A

internal hemorrhoid

36
Q

painful soft yellow genital ulcer

A

chancroid

37
Q

painless soft red genital ulcer

A

granuloma inguinale

38
Q

painless firm genital ulcer

A

syphilis

39
Q

pelvic mass in a postmenopausal woman

A

ovarian cancer

40
Q

regular uterine enlargement

A

pregnancy

41
Q

sign of the groove (swollen inguinal nodes with groove)

A

lymphogranuloma venerum

42
Q

smooth round prostate with median sulcus

A

normal prostate

43
Q

strawberry cervix

A

trichomonas

44
Q

swollen tender testis and epididymis

A

epididymo-orchitis

45
Q

tender boggy prostate

A

prostatitsis

46
Q

tenderness on motion of the cervix

A

pelvic inflammatory disease

47
Q

transilluminable mass in the scrotum

A

hydrocele

48
Q

watery fishy vaginal discharge

A

bacterial vaginosis

Boards 2 chiroessentials (1) (25 decks)

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