General Conformation Flashcards
Correct Head = (4)
proportionate, broad forehead w/large eyes @ corner of head, well set ears (& not overly large), symmetrical
Wrong Head = (4)
overly large & coarse, deeply dished face, upper jaws extend past lower jaws, small eyes
Correct Neck = (5)
cleanly defined throatlatch, flexible & graceful, slightly longer along crest, joins chest just above pnt of shoulder, ~ 1/3 overall length
Wrong Neck = (5)
very narrow throatlatch, overly long, short, very low set, ewe neck
How Many Teeth?
incisors (12), premolars & molars (24), canine/tushes (4), wolf (1-4)
Define the Bars
upper surface of lower jawbones within interdental space
Define Interdental Space
toothless between front teeth & premolars
Wrong Mouth {flaws & symptoms} = (7)
parrot mouth (overshot jaw), undershot jaw, step mouth, wave mouth, abscessed tooth, bad breath, cribbing
Wrong Withers = (2)
high, low (mutton)
Wrong Back = (5)
overly short, long, long loins, sway back, roach back
Wrong Chest = (4)
pigeon breasted, base wide, narrow, shallow
Wrong shoulders = (2)
excessively straight & upright w/withers forward, short humerus
Define Bog Spavin
inflammation in hock; unsightly/potential indicator of osteochondrosis (OCD)
Define Bowed Tendon
digital flexor tendon & surrounding tissue stretch too far & rupture
Conformation flaws associated w/bowed tendons (3)
long upright pasterns, long toe, low heel
Define Capped Hock
cap-like protrusion cover pnt of hock from injury @ pnt of hock/damage to achilles tendon
Cause of Capped Hocks
usually kicking stall/trailer
Define Capped Elbow
cap-like protrusion over elbow that can lead to infection
Potential Cause of Capped Elbows
shoe hitting elbow when lying down
What are other names for Capped Elbow?
show boil, hygroma of elbow
Potential cause of Cloudy Eyes
corneal ulcers, abrasions, burns
Define Equine Recurrent Uveitis (ERU)
moon blindness/periodic ophthalmia; can cause cataracts
Define Contracted Heels
narrow heels close by frog, usually in those w/chronic lameness (associate w/navicular syndrome)
Causes Cracked Hooves
faulty conformation, poor trimming, dryness
Define Curb
inflammation/tearing of plantar tarsal ligament @ back of hock; sickle-socked horses
Cause of Curbs
sprinting; rear limbs slipping going up a steep hill
Define a Dished Foot
hoof wall concaves in front from coronet band to toe
Define Hoof Flares
steep on one side & flared on other –> unbalanced & bear least amnt of weight
Cause of Hoof Flares
poor trimming, poor fit shoes, unbalanced leg & foot conformation
Define Splints
hard, visible bumps along inside of cannon bone
Define Thoroughpin
windpuff of achilles tendon behind hock –> chronic inflammation in tendon sheat above pnt of hock
Define Interfering
hitting 1 against other
Cause of interfering
toed out & base narrow
Define Plaiting
moving as if on tightrope
Cause of Plaiting
base narrow –> interfering
Define Forging
hitting front foot w/toe of hind foot
Define Overreaching
toes of hind foot grab heel of front foot –> injury
Define Paddling
foot swings outward
Where is paddling seen?
Pigeon toed horses
Horses that paddle predispose them to what condition?
Ringbone
Define Winging in
foot swings toward opposite leg
Where can winging in can be seen causing what?
splayfooted horses; interfering, lameness, ringbone
Wrong Hindquarters = (3)
Short croup, hunter’s bump, 1 hip higher
