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Cell Bio > General Concepts > Flashcards

General Concepts Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Homeostasis

A

expenditure of energy to reassume the ordered state

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2
Q

Isolation

A

separating internal cells from extracellular space

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3
Q

communication between cells; can interact when it needs to (ex. taking in oxygen, exchanging proteins, etc)

A

Open system

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4
Q

lipids and proteins make up majority of them

A

Biological membranes

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5
Q

76% protein bc lots of transport takes place here (electron transport chain)

A

Inner mitochondrial membrane

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6
Q

Organelles with double membranes

A

nucleus and mitochondria

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7
Q

Cellular compartmentation

A

functional separation within cell

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8
Q

Types of membranes (7)

A

plasma, nuclear (inner & outer), ER, golgi apparatus, mitochondrial (inner & outer), peroxisomes, lysosomes

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9
Q

Function of membranes

A

cells have different functions, proteins, and rxn’s so need to be separated

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10
Q

Prokaryotic cell

A

ribosome, DNA, plasma membrane. NO nucleus; Bacteria

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11
Q

Eukaryotic cell

A

nucleus, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, ER, vessicles, lysosomes, peroxisomes; Animal and Plants

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12
Q

Function of membranes

Cell nucleus

A

genetic info, transcription, nuclear receptors

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13
Q

Function of membranes

ER

A

synthesis of proteins, lipids, calcium store, post-translational modifications

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14
Q

Function of membranes

Golgi apparatus

A

protein processing, post-translational modifications, polysaccharide synthesis, phosphorylation, packaging of proteins for transport

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15
Q

Function of membranes

Mitochondria

A

oxidation of carbohydrates and lipids

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16
Q

Function of membranes

Lysosomes

A

digestion of macromolecules

17
Q

Function of membranes

Peroxisomes

A

oxidation of organic molecules, catalase

18
Q

Energy currency of the cell

A

ATP- Adenosine triphosphate

NADH and FADH2 are intermediates converted to ATP

19
Q

Energy sources in living organisms (5)

A

Glucose, Fatty Acids, Amino Acids, Ketone Bodies, Volatile Fatty Acids;
Glycolysis, TCA cycle, Oxidative phosphorylation, Beta-Oxidation

Cell Bio (4 decks)

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