General Chemistry Unit #2

Question 1

Stoichiometry

Answer 1

calculations to determine quantities (amount or number) of reactants and products
- the determination of the proportions in which elements or compounds react with one another
- The rules followed in the determination of stoichiometric relationships are based on the laws of conservation of mass and energy and the law of combining weights or volumes

Question 2

Combustion Reaction

Answer 2

• Reaction of a combustible substance and oxidiser to form an oxidised product
• When a substance reacts with oxygen to produce light and heat
• Primary products are (CO^2) and (H^2O) (Carbon dioxide and water)

Question 3

Mole

Answer 3

Unit of measurement that qualifies (to meet a certain criteria/requironment) the amount of a product

Question 4

Anthropogenic

Answer 4

By product of human activities

Question 5

Molecular Mass

Answer 5

Sum of atoms in molecular formula
- Multiply atomic mass by coefficients (numbers) [amu]
- Add Mass contributions of each element

Question 6

Molar Mass

Answer 6

Summation of atomic masses in a molecule
- measured in g/mol

Question 7

What is Atomic Mass?

Answer 7

Atomic mass is the mass of an atomic found below the element on the periodic table

Question 8

Avogadro’s Number

Answer 8

Allows chemists to count particles in a manageable way, especially because atoms and molecules are extremely small

Question 9

Molar mass vs Molecular mass

Answer 9

• Molar mass is a measure of the weight of a molecule, while molecular mass is a measure of the weight of an atom
• molar mass refers to the mass of one mole of a substance, measured in grams per mole (g/mol), while molecular mass refers to the mass of a single molecule, measured in atomic mass units (amu)

Question 10

Law of conservation of mass

Answer 10

Mass is neither created or destroyed in chemical reactions

Question 11

Compunds

Answer 11

A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules containing atoms from more than one chemical element held together by chemical bonds.

Question 12

Elements

Answer 12

A chemical element is a chemical substance that cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions. The basic particle that constitutes a chemical element is the atom. Elements are identified by the number of protons in their nucleus, known as the element’s atomic number.

Question 13

Molecule

Answer 13

A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions which satisfy this criterion.

Question 14

Ion

Answer 14

An ion is an atom or molecule with a net electrical charge. The charge of an electron is considered to be negative by convention and this charge is equal and opposite to the charge of a proton, which is considered to be positive by convention.

Question 15

Atom