General Chemistry 2 - Module 1: Kinetic Molecular Model of Solids and Liquids Flashcards
matter can exist in four different states
solid
liquid
gas
plasma
this is a theory that explains the state of matter and is based on the idea that matter is composed of tiny particles that are always in motion
kinetic molecular theory
the state of a substance depends on what
the balance between the kinetic energy of the individual particles (molecules or atoms) and the intermolecular forces
what type of energy keeps the molecules apart and moving around, and is a function of the temperature of the substance
kinetic energy
are the attractive forces that try to draw the particles together
intermolecular forces
matter is made of particles that are constantly in motion. this energy in motion is called
kinetic energy
the amount of kinetic energy is related to what
temperature
what is the relationship between kinetic energy and temperature
high temperature = high kinetic energy
what occurs when the temperature of the substances changes sufficiently
phase change
this is located between particles, and is related to the substance’s state of matter
space
these are called attractive forces. the strength of these forces increases as particles get closer together
intermolecular forces
the molecules are so close together that there is very little empty spaces
liquid state
molecules are held rigidly in position with virtually no freedom of motion, so they only vibrate only about fixed positions
solid state
this are almost incompressible and posses definite shape and volume
solid state
have the weakest intermolecular force
gas state
have the strongest intermolecular force
solid state
in the broadest sense, what was the kinetic molecular theory designed to explain?
the behavior of matter
what happens to the kinetic energy of particles when there is an increase in temperature
it also increases
why are solids and liquids considered as condensed states
they have smaller spaces between molecules compared to gas
rank the states of matter based on decreasing the relative strength of attractive forces between particles
solid, liquid, gas
rank the matter based on decreasing amount of space between particles
gas, liquid, solid
which of the following explains why gases are less dense than solids
gases have faster moving particles that are far apart
