General Chemistry Flashcards
What are the three subatomic particles that we must understand?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons
Where are protons found in an atom?
Nucleus
What is the mass of one proton?
1 amu
What is the symbol for the atomic number?
Z
How many protons does oxygen have?
8
What is the charge of neutrons?
No charge
What is the symbol for mass number?
A
Atoms that share an atomic number but have different mass numbers are known as?
Isotopes
_____ move through the space surrounding the nucleus and are associated with varying levels of energy.
Electrons
The mass of an electron is approximately _____ that of a proton.
1/2000
If an electron is closer to the nucleus, are they high energy or low energy?
Low energy
What are valence electrons?
Electrons of the outermost shell
What determines the reactivity of an atom?
Valence electrons
What is a positively charged ion called?
CationW
What is a negatively charged ion called?
Anion
What are the three symbols for protons?
- p
- p+
- 1/1H
What are the three symbols for neutrons?
- n0
- 1/0n
What are the three symbols for electrons?
- e-
- 0/1e
What is the relative mass for protons, neutrons, and electrons?
Protons: 1
Neutrons: 1
Electrons: 0
What are the locations of electrons, protons, neutrons?
Electrons: orbitals
Protons: nucleus
Neutrons: nucleus
Which subatomic particle is responsible for determining each of the following properties of an atom?
Charge:
Atomic #:
Isotope:
Charge: Electrons
Atomic #: Protons
Isotope: Neutrons
In nuclear medicine, isotopes are created and used for various purposes; for instance, 18O is created from 18F. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in each of these species.
18O:
- protons: 8
- neutrons: 10
- electrons: 8
18F:
- protons: 9
- neutrons: 9
- electrons: 9
