GENERAL BIOLOGY II Flashcards
the process by which an organism produces its own kind to ensure that its species lives on
reproduction
what are the main four flowers organs?
stamen and carpel; petals and sepal
this is the male reproductive organ of a flower
stamen
this produces the polenn grains which develop sperm
anther
this supports the anther
filament
this is the female reproductive parts of a flower
carpel
the carpel has the following structures:
(SOS) stigma, ovary, style
this is the sticky end of the carpel where the pollen is trapped
stigma
this is the slender neck where the sperm cell from the pollen can travel to the base of the carpel
style
the base of the carpel is called:
ovary
fused carpel is callled a?
pistil
1) to produce again 2) process by which new individuals are generated
reproduction
two type of reproduction
asexual and sexual repruduction
a single parent produces offspring that are identical to the parent
asexual reproduction
repruduction in flowering planta starts with?
pollination
the transfer of the pollen from the anther to the stigma is called?
pollination
this occurs when the pollen falls from the anther to the stigma of the same flowring plant
self pollination
this is when two parents are required to produce offspring whose traits come from both parents
sexual reproduction
poll from the anther of one plant may also be transferred to the stigma of another plant, and this is called?
cross pollination
these can serve as agents of cross pollination as they aid in transfer of pollen grains from plant to plant
animals, wind, humans, and water
this is the sticky pollen-receptive part of the pistil
stigma
the stalk of the pistil down which the pollen tube grows
style
this is the process by which the sperm and egg cells unite, this takes place after pollination.
fertilization
coordinated development of the embryo and the endosperm, providing nutrients and support for the embryo’s growth.
double fertilization
this contains the ovules and becomes the fruit
ovary
this becomes the seeds when sperm cells fertilize the egg cells
ovule
this attracts insects to visit the flower
petals
this protects the flower in the bud stage
sepals
this is where the reproductive parts of a plat are attached
receptacle
this is when multiple carpels fuse
pistil
some plants move water and nutrients through tube-like structures called?
vascular tissues
plants that do not have vascular tissues pass water and nutrients gradually from cell to cell, these are called?
non-vascular plants
vascular plants include?
trees, bushes, ferns and grass
any plant with a flower is called a ?
vascular plant
vascular plants move water and nutrients through the?
roots, stems and leaves
a vascular plant can move water and nutrients (blank) over relatively (blank)
quickly, long distances
vascular tissues can allow vascular plants to grow very tall. true or false?
true
what are the two kinds of vascular tissues?
Xylem and Phloem
this is where the water passes as it moves from the plant’s roots and to the rest of the plant
xylem
this is where is passes as sugars are produced in the plant’s leaves to the rest of the plant
phloem
what are the types of reproductive structures?
flowers, cones, and spores
what are the major plant structures?
roots, stem, and leaves
these anchor the pant and take up water and minerals from the soil
roots
this tissue carries water from the roots to the rest of the plant
xylem
this tissue carries the sugars made in the leaves throughout the plant
phloem
these capture sunlight and take in carbon dioxide to make food. It gives off waste gases; take in oxygen for respiration
leaves
these support the plant and connects its roots and leaves
stems
nonvascular plants include
mosses and liverworts
nonvascular plants do not have?
real roots, stems and leaves
nonvascular plants must move water and nutrients by?
diffusion
water and nutrients can move only short distances by diffusion. true or false?
true
nonvascular plants can grow very tall, tru or false?
false, they CANNOT grow very tall
nonvascular plants generally grow in?
moist areas
vascular plants generally have leaves that are thin and round, true or false?
false, broad and flat
plants lose water through their leaves when they take in carbon dioxide. true or false?
true
broad leaves would be an advantage for a plant that lives in a dry environment, true or false?
false, it would NOT be an advantage
what kind of plant is a cactus?
a xerophyte
this is a type of plant that can live in dry conditions
xerophyte
cactus plants have thick, fleshy stems that store water. true or false?
true
too much salt if good for plants. true or false?
false, too much salt if HARMFUL to most plants
what is an example of a plant that can live in salty environments?
mangroove trees
