GENERAL BIOLOGY

Question 1

theory of evolution that suggests the early Earth had an environment containing essential components for life.

Answer 1

PRIMORDIAL SOUP

Question 2

what is the idea of primodial soup?

Answer 2

COMPLEX OPRGANIC MOLECULES EMERGED AND PROVIDES THE ORIGIN OF LIFE

Question 3

organic compounds composed of amino acids

Answer 3

PROTEINS

Question 4

what binds amino acids ?

Answer 4

PEPTIDE BONDS

Question 5

building blocks of proteins?

Answer 5

AMINO ACIDS

Question 6

what are amino acids composed of ?

Answer 6

CENTRAL CARBON ATOM , AMINO GROUP, CARBOXYL GROUP AND R GROUP

Question 7

sequence of chain of amino acids

Answer 7

PRIMARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE

Question 8

local folding of the polypeptide chain into helices or sheets

Answer 8

SECONDARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE

Question 9

3d folding pattern of a protein due to side chain interactions

Answer 9

TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE

Question 10

protein consisting of more than one amino acid

Answer 10

QUATERNARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE

Question 11

proteins that help catalyze chemical reaction

Answer 11

ENZYMES

Question 12

scaffold to support and position active site

Answer 12

PROTEIN STRUCTURE

Question 13

bind and orient substance

Answer 13

BINDING SITES

Question 14

reduce chemical activation energy

Answer 14

CATALYTIC SITE

Question 15

how lock and key model works

Answer 15

FIT AND MEANT TOGETHER

Question 16

how induced fit model works

Answer 16

ENZYME ADJUSTS FOR THE SUBSTRATE

Question 17

losing electrons

Answer 17

OXIDATION ( REDUCING AGENT )

Question 18

gaining electrons

Answer 18

REDUCTION ( OXIDIZING AGENT )

Question 19

zinc anode

Answer 19

OXIDATION

Question 20

copper cathode

Answer 20

REDUCTION

Question 21

when too much substrate

Answer 21

LOW CHEMICAL REACTION

Question 22

when less substrate and more enzyme

Answer 22

HIGH CHEMICAL REACTION

Question 23

what happens when high temperature affects enzymes?

Answer 23

DENATURES

Question 24

what happens when extreme ph values

Answer 24

DENATURES

Question 25

certain molecule scan inhibit enzyme activity competitive inhibitor compete with the substarte for active site

Answer 25

INHIBITORS

Question 26

organic molecule used for short term energy storage and transport in cell

Answer 26

ATP / ADENINE TRIPHOSPHASTE

Question 27

all of chemical reaction occuring in a cell

Answer 27

METABOLISM

Question 28

from large complex to small simple sample

Answer 28

CATABOLIC REACTION

Question 29

from simple sample to large sample

Answer 29

ANABOLIC REACTION

Question 30

what are the first law of thermodynamics

Answer 30

ENERGY CANNOT BE CREATED NOR DESTROYED CAN BE CONVERTED OR TRANSDUCED

Question 31

what are the second law of thermodynamics

Answer 31

IN ANY ENERGY TRANSFORMATION THERE IS A LESSER AVAILABILITY OF ENERGY TO DO ADDITIONAL WORK

Question 32

the loss of energy in process is a result of tendency for randomness or disorder

Answer 32

ENTROPY

Question 33

if outside and reaction is spontaneous

Answer 33

EXERGONIC

Question 34

if inside and reaction is not spontaneous

Answer 34

ENDERGONIC

Question 35

what is highly negative in ATP

Answer 35

HYDROLYSIS

Question 36

what happens when ATP is broken

Answer 36

ENERGY IS RELEASED AND FORMS ADP

Question 37

what happens when ADP binds

Answer 37

ENERGY IS STORED AND FORMS ATP

Question 38

what is the capacity to do work

Answer 38

ENERGY

Question 39

not able to make their own food

Answer 39

HETEROTROPHS

Question 40

able to make their own food

Answer 40

AUTOTROPHS

Question 41

process of converting suns energy into chemical eneergy in the form of sugar or carbohydrate

Answer 41

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Question 42

organelle containing the pigment chlorophyll that absorbs light?

Answer 42

CHLOROPLAST

Question 43

what is the two stages of photosynthesis

Answer 43

LIGHT DEPENDENT REACTION AND LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION

Question 44

it requires photons from lights and takes lace in thylakoids

Answer 44

LIGHT DEPENENT REACTION

Question 45

it does not require light and takes place in the stroma

Answer 45

LIGHT INDEPENDENT REACTION

Question 46

takes place in the mitochondria for both animal and plant cell.

Answer 46

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Question 47

involves sugar and oxygen reacting to produce carbon dioxide water and energy in the form of atp

Answer 47

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

Question 48

light from the sun is absorbed by colorful compounds

Answer 48

PIGMENTS

Question 49

carry out light reaction

Answer 49

THYLAKOID DISC

Question 50

carry out dark reaction

Answer 50

STROMA

Question 51

absorbs green

Answer 51

CHLOROPHYLL

Question 52

why does plants look green?

Answer 52

THEY HAVE LOTS OF CHLOROPHYLL

Question 53

number of waves that pass a certain point per second

Answer 53

FREQUENCY

Question 54

structurally only slightly different from chlorophyll A but its absorption spectrum is somewaht different

Answer 54

CHLOROPHYLL B

Question 55

absorbs m ore blue and orange red and looks yellowish green

Answer 55

CHLOROPHYLL B

Question 56

they absorb light from violet to the greenish blue range

Answer 56

CAROTENOIDS

Question 57

appear in yellow and yellow orange to our eyes

Answer 57

CAROTENOIDS

Question 58

do not participate in photosynthesis and may appear red , purple or blue

Answer 58

ANTHOCYANISIS

Question 59

occurs in higher plants and give colors to flowers

Answer 59

ANTHOCYANISIS

Question 60

pass along along light energy to chlorophyll A and act as antioxidants.

Answer 60

XANTHOPHYLLS

Question 61

what gives the xanthophylss the ability to accept or damage electrons

Answer 61

MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

Question 62

what does xanthophylls pigment produce?.

Answer 62

YELLOW COLORS AS IN FALL LEAVES