General: Basic Physics 🔊 Flashcards
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space or has mass
What are the different states of matter?
Solid, liquid, gas, plasma
What are two types of fluid?
Liquids and gasses
When a fluid passes through the middle section of a venturi, what pressure and velocity changes occur?
Pressure drops and velocity increases
Are liquids compressible?
No
What is the standard atmospheric pressure at sea level?
29.92 inches of Hg
What is the standard day temperature?
59° F
What is the name of the atmospheric phenomenon where cool air is trapped near the earth by warm air?
Temperature inversion
What is the speed of sound through the air under standard sea level conditions?
662 knots
What is meant by the density of air?
Mass of a given volume of air
What determines the density of air? (density altitude)
Temperature and pressure acting on it
What does specific gravity mean?
The ratio of a substance’s density to the density of pure water
What are the three basic parts of a lever?
Fulcrum, force of effort, and resistance
What is a first-class lever and give an example?
When the fulcrum is located between the effort and the resistance, a seesaw
In what direction is force transmitted to a confined liquid?
Equally in all directions
What is the formula for computing force, pressure, and area? (Pascal’s law)
Force= pressure x area (F=PxA)
What is kinetic energy?
Energy in an object created from its movement
What is potential energy?
Energy that’s stored and can be turned into kinetic energy
What is absolute zero?
Temperature at which all motion of atoms will cease entirely in a given sample of gas (-273°C)
What are the two factors involved in work?
Force and movement through a measurable distance
How is pressure expressed in hydraulics and pneumatics?
Pounds per square inch
Name the forms of energy that can be converted into heat energy.
Mechanical, electrical, chemical, radiant, nuclear, or solar
What are the three methods of heat transfer?
Conduction, convection, and radiation
What are three types of friction?
Rolling, sliding, and static
What are the four forces experienced by an aircraft in flight?
Gravity, thrust, lift, and drag
What is an autorotation?
When a helicopter’s rotor blades spin without engine power as air flows through the rotor
How does blade flapping help compensate for dissymmetry of lift in helicopter main rotor systems?
Increases the angle of attack on the retreating blade and decreases the angle of attack on the advancing blade
What is the name of the imaginary line that runs from the leading edge to the trailing edge of an airfoil?
Chord line
What function do wing mounted vortex generators serve?
They prevent airflow separation from the upper surface of the wing
What is directional stability?
The ability of an aircraft to avoid yawing
What is magnetism?
Motion of electric charge, attracts and repulses forces between objects
