General assesment Flashcards
3 things in an anatomical lever
- fulcrum
- levers
- forces
what is the muscle force arm
Distance from muscle insertion to joint
1st class levers
applied force and resistance are on opposite sides of the fulcrum
2nd class lever
resistance lies between the applied force and fulcrum
3rd class levers
the force is applied between the resistance and the fulcrum
Ex of 3rd class lever
biceps brachii - most in the body
as kin what do we need to know in movement testing
- aRom
- pROM
- manual m testing
- joints above and below
- refer on
isometric contractions test what
contractile tissue
passive movements test what
inert and contractile structures
when inert tissue is injured where will pain be perceived
active and passive movements in same direction
if injured this movement should give inert tissue a pain free sensation
isometric restricted movements
what affects range of motion
- age
- gender
- pregnant
pRom is done before aRROM
false
pROM provides info regarding
- end-feels
- structure integrity
- capsular patterns
join ROM that is greater then normal is —
hyper mobility
joint ROM that is lesser then normal is —
hypomobility
what is a capsular pattern
- joint specific
- indicate irritation of the whole capsule
- typically due to degenerate disease, immobilization or inflammation
you’d feel a capsular pattern when assessing what
pROM
what is passive insufficiency
Occurs with 2 joint muscles and refers to the fact that these muscles cannot stretch maximally across both joints at the same time
what is active insufficiency
2+ joint muscles cannot contract maximally across both joints at the same time
what is an isometric contraction
muscle is activated, no movement
what is a concentric movement
activated muscle and shortens
eccentric movement
muscle is activated and legnthens
Isokinetic movement
rate of moment is constant
isotonic movement
Resistance is constant
what are agonists and antagonists
agonist - prime mover - produces concentric and eccentric movement
antagonist - opposite motion of agonist - passively elongates/shortens
fiber organization- length or fibres in series provide a muscle with what
more mobility - impacts speed of motion
fibers in parallel are associated with what
greater force production - shorter = stability
load velocity relation - with increase velocity of shortening …
force decliens
load velocity relation - with increase velocity of lengthening….
force increases
Where in a joints’ range of motion is the potential torque production the greatest?
the mid range
what does tension depend on?
filament overlap and sarcomere length
if contractile tissue is strong but painful this indicates what..
contractile lesion grade 1 muscle strain
if contractile tissue is weak and painful this indicates what..
grade 2 muscle strain
a grade 3 contractile structure rupture would show as what when testing the muscle
contractile tissue is weak and painfree
an upper motor neuron lesion we would see this response from a reflex..
reflex is intact but is exaggerated
an lower motor neuron lesion we would see this response from a reflex..
absent or under exaggerated
Give an example of active insuffisiency
when you make a fist in neutral vs making a fuss with your wrist flexed - finger flexors cannot shorten any more.
give an example of passive insufficiency
when you attempt hip flexion with legs extended, hamstrings passively effect this because they can’t be stretched any more.
