general ankle review Flashcards
what is Subtalar Neutral Position
The foot position where the subtalar, talonavicular, and calcanealcuboid are congruous (in position of neither pronation nor supination)
how do you place the foot in neutral
foot is placed in neutral by centering the navicular on the talus
Pes Cavus position
Fore foot is plantar flexed with respect to rear foot, rear foot supinated during wt bearing
are pt more over supinated or pronated when the have pea caves
supinated - ridged deformity
have a poor shock absorbing foot
people with pes clavus foot have les DF of PF
DF - this is beacasue most of the range is already used up
Rigid pes planus usually result of what
bony structural abnormality of the arch.
Flexible pes planus may be result of what
weak supinator muscles - tib post
pes planus - pronated or supinated
pronated
Pes planus foot during weight bearing
Flattened arch and valgus rear foot positioning during weight bearing
what is the transverse plane leads to foott pronation
hip anteversion, internal femoral torsion, internal tibial torsion
- overall: anything that makes the leg rotate medially
limited knee or hip ext does what to the ankle
decrease DF
what is Equinus
is a condition that causes limited ankle joint range of motion - ankle doesn’t flex upward (dorsiflex) as it should, and the foot ends up compensating (pronating)
Leg Injuries
Achilles tendinitis
Tibialis posterior tendinitis
Tibial/fibular stress fracture
Anterior/medial knee pain
Location of Abnormal Supination forefoot
Rigid everted forefoot
Forefoot Valgus
what does Rigid everted forefoot tell us about the midtarsal joint
implies inadequate inversion about the LMTJ axis (longitudinal)
abnormal supination 1st ray
PF
Leg Injuries associated with over supination
Achilles tendinitis
Peroneal tendinitis
Lateral knee and hip pain.
How does Limited S-T joint motion effect the calcaneus during stance
keeps it in the inverted position
Rigid Plantarflexed 1st Ray leads to what
Develop lateral instability of ankle
Callus under 1st & 5th MT heads
how to accomidate Rigid Plantarflexed 1st Ray
Requires accommodative orthotic with cut-out for 1st ray or bar from 2nd - 5th MT
when we are in resting positon what does the foot look like
eversion of heel rather than subtalar neutral (STJN)
Gait cycles operates around RSP or STJN
RSP
Low Dye taping effectivness
pronation, increase arch height before and after exercise, and decrease rear-foot motion
how can low dye taping be used as a screening tool
used to access if a pt would benefit from a orthotic