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ankle anatomy review Flashcards

1
Q

tibia and fibular are concave or convex on the talus

A

concave on the convex talar dome

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2
Q

Talocrural

A

articulation between tibia/fibula and talus

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3
Q

Subtalar joint

A

articulation between the talus and calcaneus

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4
Q

does the Fibula have a function in WB

A

no - mainly serves as a muscle attachment

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5
Q

Rearfoot v. forefoot

A

talonavicular and calcanealcuboid joint mark the line of separation between the rearfoot and the forefoot

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6
Q

rearfoot

A

talus and calcaneus

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7
Q
  • Forefoot
A

everything distal of the talus and calcaneus

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8
Q
  • Midfoot
A

Midtarsal joint has 2 articulations 1. talo-navicular, 2. Calcaneal-cuboid

made up by these two jts

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9
Q

which brach deal with the majority of body weight

A

medial long - the arch is built to distribute loads

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10
Q

medial long distal to proximal

A

1st Metatarsal, 1st Cuneiform, Navicular, Calcaneus

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11
Q

medial long flexibility

A

It is flexible, and is allowed to deform with each ground contact…absorbing shock

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12
Q

medial long is supported by what what muscle tendons

A

tibialis anterior, tibialis posterior, and peroneus longus tendons.

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13
Q

distal to proximal lateral long brach

A

5th metatarsal – cuboid - calcaneus

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14
Q

Lateral to medial transverse arach

A

– Lateral cuneiform – middle cuneiform – medial cuneiform

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15
Q

Anterior tibiofibular - what injury

A

high ankle sprain

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16
Q

Anterior tibiofibular resists what kind of motion

A

DF + EV

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17
Q

Anterior Talofibular - injury

A

most common

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18
Q

Anterior Talofibular stressed in what movement

A

INV+PF

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19
Q

where do we find the Anterior Talofibular

A

lateral malleolus to the neck of talus

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20
Q
  1. Calcaneal fibular resist what movement
A

straight inversion

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21
Q

Calcaneal fibular where

A

tip of lateral malleolus to lateral surface of calcaneus

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22
Q

Posterior talofibular resist what motion

A

resist INV + DF

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23
Q

Posterior Tibiofibular helps with what

A

helps reinforce the posterior aspect of the distal tib-fib joint

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24
Q

subtler joint ligaments are more associated with what kind of injury

A

“chronic ankle sprains”

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25
Cervical Ligament connects what
is a subtalar ligament connecting the talus to the calcaneus
26
Cuneonavicular is what kind of ligament
plantar ligament
27
Cuneonavicular is from where to where
the cuneiform – navicular
28
Cuneonavicular provides what kind of reinforcement
reinforcement to the medial arch
29
Long Plantar helps to reinforce what part of the foot
medial arch
30
Long Plantar runs from where to where
Plantar surface of calcaneus to plantar surface of Cuboid
31
Plantar Fascia travels from
originates from the anterior medial calcaneal tubercle and expands out the toes
32
Anterior Compartment nerve
Deep Peroneal Nerve
33
Deep Peroneal Nerve levels
(L4-S1)
34
Superficial Peroneal N levels
L5 – S2
35
Anterior Compartment contains
Tibialis Anterior Extensor Digitorum Longus Extensor Hallicus Longus all DF
36
Deep Posterior Compartment:
Tibialis Posterior Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexor Hallicus Longus
37
Deep Posterior Compartment innervation
Tibial N – TP: L4-5 FDL: S2,3 FHL: S2,3
38
Superficial Posterior Compartment:
Plantaris Gastrocnemius Soleus
39
Superficial Posterior Compartment innervation
Tibial N (S1,2)
40
Lateral Compartment:
Peroneus Longus Peroneus Brevis
41
lateral compartment innervation
Superficial Peroneal N
42
Selective tissue tension testing
compare the results from AROM, PROM, RROM to rule in/out specific tissue.
43
Tibialis Anterior action
DF and inversion
44
Tibialis Anterior origin
lateral condyle + superior half of lateral surface of tibia
45
Tibialis Anterior insertion
medial cueniform + base of 1st met
46
Ext Digitorum action
action DF and EV and ext digits
47
Ext Digitorum origin
lateral condyle of tibia
48
EXT digitorum insertion
middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits
49
Ext Hallicus Longus action
action DF and EV and ext great toe
50
Ext Hallicus Longus origin
anterior surface of fibula + interosseus membrane
51
Ext Hallicus Longus insertion
base of distal phalanx
52
Gastrocnemius originates
medial and lateral femoral condyle
53
does the gastroc cross the knee
yes, therefore it will have implications in exam and treatment
54
gastroc action
PF
55
does the soleus cross the knee
no
56
soleus action
PF
57
soleus important
important in maintaining standing posture
58
Plantaris help with what movement
flex the knee
59
tibialis posterior insertion
insertion is Navicular and 1st Cuneiform help to stabilize the arch
60
tarsal tunnel order
tibialis posterior tendon, FDL tendon, posterior tibial artery and vein, posterior tibial nerve, and FHL tendon
61
all 3 muscles in the deep posterior compartment do what
PF + Inv
62
Tibialis Posterior action
PF + Inv
63
Flexor Digitorum Longus actions
PF and inverts the foot and flexes the toes (2-5)
64
Flexor Hallicus Longus
Action – PF and inverts the foot and flexes the great toe
65
what compartment plays a role in the dynamic stability role in resisting pronation at the foot.
deep posterior compartment
66
action of the peronous Longus and braves
PF and ev PL - PF the first ray
67
Peroneus Longus insertion
1st metatarsal – phalangeal joint
68
what is the first ray
1st metatarsal – phalangeal joint
69
how is first ray important in gait cycle
you need this 1st ray to be stable when pushing off - counter DF force from ground
70
Peroneus Brevis insertion
attaches at styloid of 1st met
71
FDB location
1st layer in the sole of the foot
72
FDB innervation
- Medial plantar N (S2, 3)
73
FDB action
- flexes lateral 4 digits
74
Abductor Hallicus action
abducts the great toe
75
Abductor Hallicus origin
- medial tubercle of tuberosity of calcaneu
76
Abductor Hallicus insertion
medial side of base of proximal phalanx of 1st digit
77
Abductor Digiti Minimi action
abducts the 5th toe
78
Abductor Digiti Minimi origin
medial and lateral tubercles of calcaneus
79
Abductor Digiti Minimi insertion
lateral side of proximal phalanx of 5th digit
80
Lumbricales action
act to stabilize the metatarsal phalangeal joint flex MTP, Ext DIP’s and PIP” (L)
81
Lumbricales innervation
*Medial one – medial plantar nerve (S2,3) *lateral three – lateral plantar nerve (S2,3)
82
Quadratus Plantae role
very important – attaches onto a common tendon of the FDL tendon – helps redirect the line of pull into straight plane flexion
83
Anterior Compartment vasculature
ant tibial art
84
lateral compartment vasc
none
85
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome presentation
Burning / pins & needles / temperature changes in the plantar aspect of the foot
86
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome due to
Neurovascular compromise of the Tibial N or Posterior Tibial Artery
87
mechanism of tarsal tunnel syndrome
Space occupying lesion in the tarsal tunnel that creates compression Swollen, inflamed tendon Increased fluid and swelling in tarsal tunnel Mass of tissue
88
Posterior Tibial A branches into
Medial Plantar A Lateral Plantar A
89
DF normal range
10-15
90
PF range
30-50
91
how much MTP motion do you need for regular gait
ext and flexion = 70-75
92
what is more mobile pronation or supination
pronation
93
loading to mid stance is our foot pronated or supinated
pronation
94
why do we want pronation during mid stance
Improves shock absorption Foot becomes more adaptable to changing terrain More stable base of support
95
Mid-stance to toe off - supinated or pronated
supinates - - - - forefoot becomes more rigid
96
why do we want the foot supinated during toe off
Provides a more rigid lever for efficient push-off
97
subtalar joint in pronation - leads to what change in the knees
the knees are slightly more in IR and valgus
98
subtalar joint is in supination - leads to what change in the knees
patella’s are pointing much more laterally in this view indicating ER of the femur

MSK 1 (14 decks)

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