General Anatomy

Question 1

What are the basic tenets of Cell Theory?

Answer 1

1. All living organisms are composed of cells.
2. The cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in organisms.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.

Question 2

What are the Basic Processes of Life?

Answer 2

1. Take in food and metabolize it for energy.
2. Respond to the environment.
3. Grow.
4. Reproduce.
5. Dispose of waste.

Question 3

What are the 2 main types of cells?

Answer 3

Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.

Question 4

Prokaryotes are …… celled and are usually in the form of ……?

Answer 4

Single-Celled

Bacteria and algae

Question 5

Eukaryotes are …… and tend to be ……..?

Answer 5

Single celled and multi-celled

Plants animals fungi and protists

Question 6

Eukaryotes reproduce through?

Answer 6

Mitosis and Meiosis

Question 7

Prokaryotic cells reproduce through?

Answer 7

Fission (budding)

Question 8

Chloroplast is the …… where photosynthesis occurs. And all …. plant cells have it.

Answer 8

Site

Eukaryotic

Question 9

What does the Nucleus do? And which type of cells have it?

Answer 9

Regulates all cell activity, including cell replication; does this through DNA.
All Eukaryotic Cells

Question 10

Ribosomes job is to….? And which cells have them?

Answer 10

Use RNA to transcribe the original DNA code into proteins.

Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.

Question 11

Mitochondria are ….? All ….. cells have them.

Answer 11

Cell powerhouses; use oxygen to burn glucose and produce ATP for cell energy.
Eukaryotic

Question 12

Cytoplasm is the…? All cells have this.

Answer 12

Watery medium inside of a cell.

Question 13

Cytoskeleton provides …. for cells and allows …?

Answer 13

Structure, transport

Question 14

What are the two types of Endoplasmic reticulum (ER)?

And what do they do?

Answer 14

Rough ER; has ribosomes and produces protein.

Smooth ER; used in synthesis of fats.

Question 15

Cell membrane is the…?

Answer 15

Phospholipid bilayer that acts as a highly selective barrier for passive and active transport. (Bouncer)

Question 16

Which cells have cell walls?

Answer 16

Prokaryotes plants and fungi

Question 17

What do Golgi bodies do?

Answer 17

Package proteins.

Question 18

Vacuoles are?

Answer 18

Storage containers

Question 19

The Flagellum is for…?

Answer 19

Locomotion; the way cells move.

Question 20

Building Blocks of Cells. 4 Steps.

Answer 20

1. Cells
2. Tissue
3. Organ
4. Organ system

Question 21

4 main types of tissue include:

Answer 21

Connective tissue (bone and cartilage)

Muscle tissue (skeletal and cardiac muscles)

Nervous tissue (brain cells and spinal nerves)

Epithelial tissue (organ surfaces, mouth lining, and skin)

Question 22

Examples of Organs include:

Answer 22

Heart, brain, stomach, and kidneys.

Question 23

Organs and tissues join together to form?

Answer 23

Organ Systems

Question 24

The 10 major systems in the human body are:

Answer 24

Respiratory system
Cardiovascular system
Gastrointestinal system
Neuromuscular system 
Reproductive system 
Integumentary system 
Endocrine system 
Genitourinary system
Immune system 
Skeletal system

Question 25

What is homeostasis?

Answer 25

A stable environment inside the human body.

Question 26

What are 3 anatomical planes for human anatomy?

Answer 26

Coronal plane: divides body into front and back portions. (Anterior-front, posterior-back; ventral-front, dorsal-back)

Sagittarius plane: divides the body into left and right portions.

Transverse plane: divides the body into top and bottom portions. (Superior-head; inferior-feet)