General Anaethesia Flashcards
1
Q
What is the triad of general anaesthesia?
A
- Need for unconsciousness
- Need for analgesia
- Need for muscle relaxation
2
Q
What are the adjuncts to general anaesthesia?
A
- Premedication to reduce anxiety before operation. Benzodiazepines and antimuscarinics (smooth muscle relaxant)
- Muscle relaxants
- Anti-emetics - decrease peri-operative nausea
3
Q
Define balanced anaesthesia
A
Using combinations of different drugs for optimal clinical effect with lowest risk
4
Q
What is the main factor for a anaesthetic to get transferred to the blood?
A
Blood:gas coefficient is inversely proportional to speed of induction
5
Q
What is the main determinant of anaesthetic potency?
A
Lipid solubility
6
Q
What is the Minimal Alveolar Concentration/
A
The concentration of anaesthetic in the alveoli required to produce immobility in 50% of patients when exposed to a noxious stimuli
7
Q
What are the stages of anaesthesia?
A
- Analgesia - drowsiness, reflexes intact, still conscious
- Delirium (The induction Phase) - excitement, delirium, incoherant speech, loss of consciousness
Dangerous phase - muscle rigidity, spasmodic movements, cardiac arrhythmia, vomiting, choking - Surgical anaesthesia - unresponsive to painful stimuli, breathing regular abolition of reflexes
- Medullary paralysis - overdose, pupilary dilation, respiration/circulation ceases
8
Q
What are the inhaled anaesthetics?
A
- Diethyl ether
- Haloethane
- Methoxyflurane
- Enflurane
- Isoflurane
- Cyclopropane
- Nitrous Oxide
