General Flashcards
What are the different zones in OT zoning?
4 zones
1) protective zone
2) clean zone
3) aseptic zone
4) disposal zone
What all things are there in protective zone?
1)changing rooms
2)icu and nicu
3)pre and post operative rooms
And transfer bay
Things included in clean zone?
It’s a zone connecting the protective to the aseptic zone
includes
1) equipment store rooms
2)maintenance and workshop
What is aseptic zone
OT
Surgeries performed in supine position
Majority of abdominal surgery
Breast surgery
Surgeries performed in lithotomy position
Gynaecological positions
Fissures
TURP
urological procedure
Name the surgeries done in jack knife position
Fissure and haemorrhoids
Surgeries done in lateral position aka kidney position
Thoracotomy
Nephrectomy
Pilolithotomy
What position will u keep a patient for spine surgeries
Prone
What are the advantages of Fowler’s position
Relatively bloodless fields
Better exposure
Which position would you prefer for brain surgeries especially post cranial fossa sx
Fowler’s position
What is the position for thyroid surgery
How will you prepare it
Barking dog 🐕 or rose 🌹 position
It’s supine with towel roll placed below the shoulder blade
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Neck extension and head is supported by head ring
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30 degrees head elavation
What is the most common complication of lap cholecystectomy?
Right shoulder tip pain
Pelvic surgeries are performed in which position
Trendelenberg position (foot end up )
Which number blade is used to drain incision
No 11 aka stab blade
What number of blade is used to remove sutures
No 12
What part of bLade is used to make incision and how is it made
The belly of the blade is used
The blade should be perpendicular if tilted leads to bevelled edges
The incision should Be made from away to near
True / false
The edges for skin should be everted while for bowel should be inverted
True
What type of suture has got the least cut through rate
Horizontal mattress suture
Which kind of suture helps in eversion of edges
Vertical mattress suture
If the depth of the wound is x cms at what distance should a bite be placed on either side of the wound ?
X cms
The distance between the 2 sutures =2X
What is the best suture material for subcuticular sutures what is the specialty of subcuticular sutures
Monocryl 3-0
They are cosmetically superior
What is an ideal place to hold a needle ?
1/3rd from the swaged end and 2/3rd from pointed end
Round body is used for which all structures
Round body is used for delicate structures Like Bowel and bladder CBD Ureter
Cutting or reverse cutting needle is used for ?
It is used for tougher structures like
Fascia
Skin
Sheath
J shaped needle use
Vaginal surgery
What kind of needle is used for eye surgery
1/4 circle needle
What kind of needle is used for oral cavity
Compound curvature needles
1/2 circle needles are used for ?
Git surgeries
What are monofilaments?
Suture with single thread Eg Monocryl Catgut PDS Nylon(ethylon)
Which type of suture (monofilament/braided ) has more memory ?
Monofilament has more memory
What do u understand by memory of a suture material?
It’s the ability to resist a knot
What is the disadvantage of using braided suture material?
Higher wound infection rates
As the crevices can harbour the microorganisms
Give examples of braided suture material
Vircryl
Silk
What is the tensile strength of catgut ,chromic catgut,vicryl rapid
Catgut - 3-5 days
Chromic catgut - 7-9 days
Vicryl rapid - 7-9 days
Give an example of absorbable natural suture material ?
Catgut (prepared from the submucosa of the gut of sheep )
Chromic catgut
Mention an use of catgut ?
For subcutaneous sutures
Give examples of absorbable synthetic suture material.
Monocryl
Vicryl
Barbed vicryl
Vicryl coated with antibiotic (triclosan )
What is vicryl made of ?and what is it’s dissolution time?
Polygalactin
D.t=60-90 days
Uses of vicryl ?and it’s size
Bowel and bladder 3.0(round body )
CBD 4.0(R.B)
Ureter 5.0(R.B)
Advantage of vicryl rapid (9-1-0)
It dissolves faster
Dissolution time -(20-30) days
Tensile strength - (7-9 ) days
What type of suture material is pds ?
It’s an absorbable synthetic suture material
D.T=180 days
What are the uses of pds?
Tracheobronchial repair
CBD
Bowel and bladder
Ureter
Give examples of non absorbable natural suture material ?
Silk
Uses of silk
Skin closure (2.0/3.0) Fixing drain(1.0) 2nd layer in bowel anastomoses (3.0)
What is Jenkins theory of mass closure ?
If length of a wound in rectus sheath is x cms
The length of the suture material required will be 4x
Give examples of non absorbable synthetic suture material
Prolene
Nylon(ethylon)
Polyester(ethibond)
Surgical steel
Which suture material is used for aorta (vascular repair )
Prolene (2.0)
What are the uses of prolene ?
Mesh repair
Vascular repair
Rectus sheath repair
Which suture material is used for cataract
Ethylon 10.0
Suture material used for nerve and tendon repair
Nerve repair ethylon 6.0 Tendon repair (4.0)/(5.0)
Within how many days is the suture removed of 1 scalp 2 face 3 abdomen 4 thorax 5 neck 6 joint
Neck and Scalp (5-7 days ) Face 3 days Thorax (10-12 days ) Abdomen 12-14 days ) Joint -min 14 days
Give examples of non absorbable natural suture material ?
Silk
Uses of silk
Skin closure (2.0/3.0) Fixing drain(1.0) 2nd layer in bowel anastomoses (3.0)
What is Jenkins theory of mass closure ?
If length of a wound in rectus sheath is x cms
The length of the suture material required will be 4x
Give examples of non absorbable synthetic suture material
Prolene
Nylon(ethylon)
Polyester(ethibond)
Surgical steel
Which suture material is used for aorta (vascular repair )
Prolene (2.0)
What are the uses of prolene ?
Mesh repair
Vascular repair
Rectus sheath repair
Which suture material is used for cataract
Ethylon 10.0
Suture material used for nerve and tendon repair
Nerve repair ethylon 6.0 Tendon repair (4.0)/(5.0)
Within how many days is the suture removed of 1 scalp 2 face 3 abdomen 4 thorax 5 neck 6 joint
Neck and Scalp (5-7 days ) Face 3 days Thorax (10-12 days ) Abdomen 12-14 days ) Joint -min 14 days
