General

Question 1

Sparks et al. 2013

Answer 1

600 million people live close enough to a volcano to have their lives disrupted if it shows signs of unrest, or threatened if it erupted - this is 10% of the Earth’s population

Question 2

Chester et al, 2001

Answer 2

Risk has been and will continue to increase as more people live in cities in less developed countries increasing exposure

Question 3

Oppenheimer, 2011

Answer 3

Volcanoes have a variety of weapons in their armoury

Question 4

What are Plinian eruptions and who is the reference?

Answer 4

Plinian eruptions are defined as the quasi-steady, hours-long, high-speed discharge of a high-temperature multi-phase mixture into the atmosphere
Cioni et al., 2015

Question 5

Sigurdsson and Carey, 2002

Answer 5

16,000 people died in the 79AD Pompeii eruption

Question 6

Voight et al., 1999

Answer 6

Studied the cyclic progression between lava dome and Plinian eruptions in Montserrat