General Flashcards
List 5 stages in production required to make cotton into a white T-shirt.
Bleach cotton - spun - weft knitted - finished - laid/cut/assemble
When is a fibre called a filament?
When it is very long and continuous
Define the term ‘elongation’ as it refers to fibres and filaments.
How much a fibre/filament can stretch before it breaks
What term describes a fabric’s ability to recover after being compressed?
Resilience
What fibre/ filament property determines how soft it will be?
Fineness
How fine (in microns) is a fine fibre?
Less than 18,u
State the standard and international unit for measuring filament and yarn count.
Tex
What is meant by a ‘blend’ of fibres?
When two fibres similar in length have been spun together into yarn.
Why is it important to know the stiffness/lumpiness of fibre or fabric?
Because it effects fabric drape and therefore its suitability to certain garments/markets.
Give 2 reasons why fibres might be blended.
To reduce cost
Marketability
Improve durability
Why are non-wovens cheaper than woven or knitted fabric?
They are made direct from fibre so spinning costs are saved, and are very quick to make.
Name the methods of making non-woven fabrics. (5)
Felting mechanical entanglement Thermal bonding Adhesive bonding Stitch bonding
Which fibres can be can be felted to make non-woven fabric?
Wool (and hair fibres with scales)
What types of fibres can be thermally bonded?
Thermoplastic
Inter-fibre friction is an essential fibre characteristic for what type of non-woven production method?
Mechanical entanglement
Spun-laced and needle-punched are methods of what type of non-woven production?
Mechanically-spun non-wovens
Which non-woven method of production is commonly used to make composites?
Stitch bonding
Which combination of physical properties is hard to achieve in non-woven fabric?
Strength/durability with good drape
What is the most common method of making textiles into insulation materials?
Thermally bonded
Name 2 important characteristics of disposable textiles
Cheap, compostable, biodegradable
What is the name for non-woven fabrics, used in composites, with fibres orientated in different directions for high strength?
Multi-axial non-wovens
What are ‘spun-laced’, ‘dry-laid’ and ‘melt-blown’ examples of?
Non-woven fabric construction methods
Apparel is the main end-use of textile fibres, name 2 other major end-uses.
Interiors and industrial/technical
Name any 2 ‘technical’ end-uses for textiles
Geo-textiles, medicine, hygiene
