General

Question 1

List 5 stages in production required to make cotton into a white T-shirt.

Answer 1

Bleach cotton - spun - weft knitted - finished - laid/cut/assemble

Question 2

When is a fibre called a filament?

Answer 2

When it is very long and continuous

Question 3

Define the term ‘elongation’ as it refers to fibres and filaments.

Answer 3

How much a fibre/filament can stretch before it breaks

Question 4

What term describes a fabric’s ability to recover after being compressed?

Answer 4

Resilience

Question 5

What fibre/ filament property determines how soft it will be?

Answer 5

Fineness

Question 6

How fine (in microns) is a fine fibre?

Answer 6

Less than 18,u

Question 7

State the standard and international unit for measuring filament and yarn count.

Answer 7

Tex

Question 8

What is meant by a ‘blend’ of fibres?

Answer 8

When two fibres similar in length have been spun together into yarn.

Question 9

Why is it important to know the stiffness/lumpiness of fibre or fabric?

Answer 9

Because it effects fabric drape and therefore its suitability to certain garments/markets.

Question 10

Give 2 reasons why fibres might be blended.

Answer 10

To reduce cost
Marketability
Improve durability

Question 11

Why are non-wovens cheaper than woven or knitted fabric?

Answer 11

They are made direct from fibre so spinning costs are saved, and are very quick to make.

Question 12

Name the methods of making non-woven fabrics. (5)

Answer 12

Felting
mechanical entanglement
Thermal bonding 
Adhesive bonding 
Stitch bonding

Question 13

Which fibres can be can be felted to make non-woven fabric?

Answer 13

Wool (and hair fibres with scales)

Question 14

What types of fibres can be thermally bonded?

Answer 14

Thermoplastic

Question 15

Inter-fibre friction is an essential fibre characteristic for what type of non-woven production method?

Answer 15

Mechanical entanglement

Question 16

Spun-laced and needle-punched are methods of what type of non-woven production?

Answer 16

Mechanically-spun non-wovens

Question 17

Which non-woven method of production is commonly used to make composites?

Answer 17

Stitch bonding

Question 18

Which combination of physical properties is hard to achieve in non-woven fabric?

Answer 18

Strength/durability with good drape

Question 19

What is the most common method of making textiles into insulation materials?

Answer 19

Thermally bonded

Question 20

Name 2 important characteristics of disposable textiles

Answer 20

Cheap, compostable, biodegradable

Question 21

What is the name for non-woven fabrics, used in composites, with fibres orientated in different directions for high strength?

Answer 21

Multi-axial non-wovens

Question 22

What are ‘spun-laced’, ‘dry-laid’ and ‘melt-blown’ examples of?

Answer 22

Non-woven fabric construction methods

Question 23

Apparel is the main end-use of textile fibres, name 2 other major end-uses.

Answer 23

Interiors and industrial/technical

Question 24

Name any 2 ‘technical’ end-uses for textiles

Answer 24

Geo-textiles, medicine, hygiene

Question 25

Define the term ‘elastic recovery’

Answer 25

How much a textile returns to its original dimensions after extension

Question 26

Explain what ‘pilling’ is

Answer 26

When little bobbles of fibre form on the surface of fabric