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South Africa Wine > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

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1
Q

Most planted white grape

A

Chenin Blanc (Steen)

  • 18.6% of total plantings
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2
Q

Jan van Riebeeck

A
  • Of the Dutch East India Company
  • Founded Cape Town
  • 1655: est. SA’s 1st vineyard
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3
Q

Muscat Blanc á Petits Grains

Synonym

A

Muscat de Frontignan or Muscadel

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4
Q

Year KWV (Ko-operatieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika) formed

A

1918

  • With the support of 90% of South Africa’s growers
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5
Q

KWV

A

KWV (Ko-operatieve Wijnbouwers Vereniging van Zuid-Afrika)

  • Cooperative of wine producers and growers
  • Formed as a result of plummeting prices and over-supply
  • Fixed minimum prices, determined areas of production and established production limits
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6
Q

Year KWV transformed into a wine company

A

1997

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7
Q

End of apartheid

A

1994

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8
Q

SAWIT

Year Est.

A

South African Wine Industry Trust (SAWIT)

  • est 1999
  • Speed transformation of South African wine
  • Empower black workers in an industry that had long relied on slave- and arpatheid-era labor practices
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9
Q

Growth in exports from 1994 to 2005 to 2017

A
  • 1994: 56 million liters
  • 2005: 280 million liters
    • 5 x the amount exported in 1994
  • 2017: 448.5 million liters
    • 8 x the amount exported in 1994
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10
Q

Year Wine of Origin (WO) system was it introduced

A

The Wine of Origen (WO) sytem

  • Introduced in 1973
  • Compels producers seeking certification to submit a sample of the wine for evaluation by a tasting panel, which confirms that the wine shows the correct organoleptic qualitites for its cultivar (variety) and age
  • Wine also undergoes scientific analysis
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11
Q

Number of cultivars (varieties) authorized by Wine of Origin (WO)

A

appx 90

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12
Q

WO Label Requirements (as of 2006)

  • Varietal:
  • Vintage:
  • Area:
A
  • Varietal: 85%
  • Vintage: 85%
  • Area: 100%
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13
Q

4 types of production areas, in descending order of size

A
  • Geographical unit
  • Region
  • District
  • Ward
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14
Q

Single Vineyard Wine

A

6 ha or less

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15
Q

6 large Geographical Areas

A
  • Western Cape
  • Northern Cape
  • Eastern Cape
  • Kwazulu-Natal
  • Limpopo
  • Free State
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17
Q

1 Ward of the Eastern Cape

A

St. Francis Bay

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18
Q

6 Regions of the Western Cape

A

*All SA Regions located in the Western Cape

  • Coastal Region
  • Cape South Coast
  • Breede River Valley
  • Klein Karoo
  • Olifants River
  • Boberg
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19
Q

5 production areas of the Northern Cape

A
  • Districts (w/o a region)
    • Douglas
    • Sutherland-Karoo
  • Wards (w/o a district)
    • Central Orange River (formerly Lower Orange)
    • Hartswater
    • Prieska
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22
Q

Western Cape’s southernmost district

A

Cape Agulhas

  • Coolest climate in the country; vs Northern Cape areas along the Orange River which experience a hot, arid climate and are generally only suitable for bulk wines
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23
Q

Stellenbosch district’s two most planted varietals

A

Cabernet Sauvignon, Sauvignon Blanc

  • Followed by Merlot, Shiraz, and Chenin Blanc
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24
Q

7 wards within the Stellenbosch district

A

W to E

  • Polkadraai Hills
  • Bottelary
  • Devon Valley
  • Papegaaiberg
  • Simonsberg-Stellenbosch
  • Jonkershoek Valley
  • Banghoek
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25
Q

District home to the KWV (founding partner in SAWIT)

A

Paarl (“pearl”)

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26
Q

Paarl district’s largest producer

A

Nederburg

  • Over 40 bottlings in its range
  • 1st house to produce a botrytised dessert wine in South Africa
27
Q

1st house to produce a botrytised dessert wine in South Africa

A

Nederburg

  • Paarl district’s largest producer with over 40 bottlings in its range
28
Q

1st year of the Nederburg Wine Auction

A

1975

29
Q

Year Franschhoek Valley acheive status as a separate district apart from Paarl

A

2010

  • 2012 - Wellington followed with its own district status
30
Q

Grape used to make Constantia

A

Muscat Blanc a Petits Grain

  • aka Muscat de Frontignan or Muscadel
31
Q

2nd most planted white grape in South Africa

A

Chardonnay

  • after Chenin Blanc
32
Q

Cape Doctor

A
  • Strong SE wind that blows through the Western Cape in the Spring and Summer
  • Inhibits fungal disease and moderates temperatures
33
Q

Teinturier grape used in Constantia

A

Pontac

34
Q

Hanepoot

A

Muscat of Alexandria

35
Q

River that runs through the Northern Cape

A

Orange River

36
Q

Cape Riesling

A

Crouchen Blanc

37
Q

Boberg

A
  • Fortified Wines
  • Paarl, Franschhoek, Tulbagh, Wellington
38
Q

2 districts responsible for 25% of SA’s wine and spirits and 20% of the nation’s acreage

A

Worcester & Breedekloof

  • Breede River Valley region
39
Q

Free State

1 Ward (w/o District)

A

Rietrivier FS

40
Q

What does the seal indicate?

A
  • Appears on each bottle of wine or estate brandy which has been certified by the Wine and Spirit Board
  • Guarantees origin, cultivar, vintage
  • Identification numbers indicate the strict control by the Wine and Spirit Board, from pressing of the grapes to certifying the final product
41
Q

Total ha are under cultivation in South Africa

A
  • 95,545 ha
  • appx. 800km in length
42
Q

% of Total plantings

  • white grapes
  • red grapes
A
  • white grapes: 55.2% of total plantings
  • red grapes: 44.8% of total plantings
43
Q

% of Total Plantings
Chenin Blanc

A

18.6%

44
Q

Most planted red variety

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

  • ​Cabernet Sauvignon 11%
  • Shiraz 10.3%
  • Pinotage 7.4%
  • Merlot 5.8%
45
Q

% of Total Plantings
Shiraz

A

10.3%

  • Cabernet Sauvignon 11%
  • Shiraz 10.3%
  • Pinotage 7.4%
  • Merlot 5.8%
46
Q

4 most planted red grapes

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon 11%
  • Shiraz 10.3%
  • Pinotage 7.4%
  • Merlot 5.8%
47
Q

Number of people employed in the South African wine industry

A

appx. 300,000

  • both directly and indirectly, farmers, packaging, retailing, wine tourism
48
Q

Amount of money the South African wine industry grosses annually

A

R36.1 Billion

  • R19.3 Billion remain in Western Cape for the benefit of its residents
49
Q

% of growth in GDP (gross domestic product) since 2003

A

10%

50
Q

South Africa rank in world wide production

A

7th

51
Q

South Africa % of world wide wine production

A

3.9%

52
Q

Production % of total annual grape harvest

  • Wine:
  • Wine for brandy:
  • Distilled wine:
  • Grape juice concentrate:
A
  • Wine: 82.1%
  • Wine for brandy: 4.3%
  • Distilled wine: 10.2%
  • Grape juice concentrate: 3.4%
53
Q

Number of liters exported in 2017

A

448.5 million litres

  • Increased 4.7%
54
Q

Jerepigo

A
  • Fortified unfermented grape juice, mistelle
55
Q

‘MCC’

A

Method Cap Classique

  • Classic Champagne Method, 2nd fermentation in the bottle
  • Term Cap Classique has been used since 1992
  • 9 mo lees
57
Q

White Muscadel

A
  • Fortified wine
  • Mostly made from Muscat d’Alexandrie
  • appx 150-200 g/l rs
  • appx 17% abv
  • Producers:
    • Nuy Red Muscadel
    • Orange River White Muscadel
    • Graham Beck Rhona Muscadel
    • Rietvallei Muscadel 1908
58
Q

Fortified Muscadel Producers

A
  • Nuy Red Muscadel
  • Orange River White Muscadel
  • Graham Beck Rhona Muscadel
  • Rietvallei Muscadel 1908
59
Q

MCC

Aging requirements

A

9 months on lees

South Africa Wine (7 decks)

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