General Flashcards
What is New Zealand’s largest winery?
Montana (owned by Pernod-Ricard NZ)
What is New Zealand’s largest region by production? What is its major product?
Marlborough (over half the country’s acreage), producing largely Sauvignon Blanc.
Major Climatic and geographical features
Strongly maritime climate (all growing regions within 120km of the sea)
Large diurnal shift
From 36-46º latitude
The Southern Alps of the South Island, which create a rain shadow for Nelson, Marlborough, Canterbury, and Central Otago.
True or False: New Zealand wine commands the highest price per bottle of any country in the world.
TRUE
What is New Zealand Winegrowers?
An organization of all New Zealand’s producers and growers, formed in 2002 by the Grape Growers Council and the New Zealand Wine Institute.
What was the first winery to produce a commercial wine under screwcap?
Kim Crawford
Are there New Zealand Wine Laws?
There are not; however, if listing vintage and/or varietal, the wine must contain 85% to comply with EU standards.
When and where were the first vines planted in NZ?
The Bay of Islands (Northland) by Reverend Samuel Marsden in 1819.
What are the regions of the North Island?
Auckland
Waikato
Bay of Plenty
Gisborne
Hawke’s Bay
WairarapaNorthland
Northland: climate, soil, and grape varieties
Subtropical, humid, sunny, warm
Soils are clay loam over compacted clay, rich and heavy
Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Viognier
Syrah, Cab Sauv, Merlot, Pinotage, Chambourcin (french/american hybrid, teinturier)
What are the 3 subregions of Northland?
Kerikeri
Kaitaia
Whangarei (Fuhn-ga-ray)
Auckland: climatic elements, soil, major grapes
Pacific Ocean, Waitakere Ranges
Volcanic soils, sandstone and mudstone, heavy clay
Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Merlot, Syrah
What are the 5 subregions of Auckland?
Matakana/Mahurangi
Kumeu/Huapai
Henderson
Waiheke Island*
South Auckland
Waikato/Bay of Plenty: soils and major grapes
Clay-loam in Waikato (west)
Volcanic loams in Bay of Plenty (east)
Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon
Waikato/Bay of Penty: major geographical features
Bay of Plenty, Lake Taupo, Waikato River
Kaimai Range (coastal), Hauhungaroa Range (west of Lake Taupo, inland)
What are the 6 subregions of Waikato/Bay of Plenty?
Te Kauwhata (Tea Kah-pha-ta) Te Awamutu Coromandel Peninsula Lake Taupo Hamilton Rotorua
Hawke’s Bay: soils, geographic features, and major grapes
Gravels, alluvials, shingle soils (clay-loam)
Heretaunga Plains, Hawke’s Bay, Ngaruroro River, Tukituki River
Merlot/Cab Sauv/Cab Franc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Syrah
What are the 11 subregions of Hawke’s Bay?
River Valleys: Moahaka, Esk River Valley, Tutaekuri River Valley, Ngaruroro River Valley
Coastal Areas: Te Amanga, Northern Esk Valley
Alluvial Plains: Korokipo, Bridge Pa, Gimblett Gravels, Ohiti
Hillsides: Havelock North
Central Hawke’s Bay
Dartmoor Valley*
The Triangle* (Ngatawara Triangle)
What is the soil type in Gimblett Gravels? What is required to use that name on the label?
Deep shingle soils (clay loam)
95% grapes from within the appellation from a vineyard with 95% of the appellations defined soil characteristics
Must be a member of the Gimblett Gravels Winegrowers Association
Gisbourne: Soils, geographic features, and major grapes
Fine alluvial silt by Waipaoao River (northerly); heavier clay-loam at lower elevations
Waipaoa River, Poverty Bay, Raukumara Range (northerly, Ormond subregion)
Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Gewurztraminer, Merlot
What are the 7 subregions of Gisborne?
Waipaoa Ormond/Ormond Valley Golden Slope Central Valley Riverpoint Patutahi/Patutahi Plateau Manutuke
Wairarapa: soils, geographic features, and major grapes
Shallow silt loam with gravel sub soil
Aorangi and Tararua Ranges, Rumahanga River
Pinot Noir, Sauvignon Banc, Pinot Gris
What are the 3 subregions of Wairarapa?
Masterton
Gladstone
Martinborough
Which North Island region is overwhelmingly a producer of white wine?
Gisborne.
What is important (and ironic) about the climate of Nelson?
It is both the sunniest region in New Zealand, and the rainiest region on the South Island.
What are the regions of the South Island?
Nelson
Marlborough
Canterbury
Central Otago
Nelson: soils, geographic features, and major grapes
Gravelly silt loam (waimea), clay-based soils (moutere)
Tasman Mountains, Richmond Range (separates Marlborough) Waimea River, Tasman Bay, Golden Bay
Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Chardonnay
What are the 4 subregions of Nelson?
Waimea Plains
Upper Moutere (Moo-tree)
Motueka
Takaka/Golden Bay
Marlborough: soils and geographic features
Gravelly, with shallow topsoils in Wairau
Heavier clay in the southern valleys
Higher elevation, sandy, alluvial loam over gravel in Awatree
Richmond Range (north), Wither Hill Range, Kaikoura Ranges (south/Awatree), Wairau River, Awatree River
What are the 3 subregions of Marlborough?
Wairau Valley
Southern Valleys
Awatere Valley (Ah-wah-tree)
What are the Southern Valleys of Marlborough?
Omaka Fairhall Brancott Ben Morvan Waihopai
Canturbury: soils, geographical features, major grapes
Silt loam over gravel (canterbury plains), allvuial gravels near the river, limestone-clay in eastern Waipara
Waimakariri River, Waipara River, Puketeraki Range, Canterbury Plains
Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir, Riesling, Pinot Gris, Chardonnay
What are the 3 subregions of Canterbury?
Waipara*
Banks Peninsula
Canterbury Plains
Where is Waitaki Valley?
Between Canterbury and Central Otago.
Greywacke/schist soils.
Pinot Noir dominant.
Central Otago: soils, geographic features and major grapes
Broken schist and clay, heavy silt loam, gravel, light sand, stony, free-draining base
Southern Alps, Lake Wanaka, Waitaki River (north)
Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Riesling, Chardonnay
What are the subregions of Central Otago?
Wanaka (cool and wet)
Bendigo (warmest, north facing slopes)
Gibbston (highest in elevation, latest to ripen)
Cromwell Basin (low-lying terraces)
Bannockburn (warm and dry)
Alexandra (most extreme temperature and diurnal shifts)
What is the other significant product of Marlborough (besides SB)?
Traditional Method Sparkling Wine
What Champagne house partnered with Montana to produce sparkling wine in Marlborough?
Deutz; Marlborough Cuvée
What is New Zealand’s fastest growing wine region?
Canterbury
Where was viticulture first introduced in Canterbury?
Banks Peninsula
Where are the greatest concentration of vineyards in Canterbury today?
Waipara
What is unique in NZ about Central Otago’s climate?
It is the only truly continental climate in the country, with a significant diurnal shift.
What latitude is NZ’s South Island?
45º
