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Oral Surgery > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

basic instruments

A
  • mouth mirror
  • cotton pliers
  • explorer
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2
Q

3 types of povidone iodine (betadine)

A
  • 1%
  • 7.5%
  • 10%
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3
Q

1% povidone iodine: purpose

A

for gargling/oral rinse

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4
Q

7.5% povidone iodine: purpose

A

for scrubbing hands

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5
Q

10% povidone iodine: purpose

A

for extraoral sanitation (i.e. skin, wounds)

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6
Q

2 types of chlorhexidine (Orahex)

A
  • 0.12%
  • 0.20%
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7
Q

advantage of chlorhexidine

A
  • can be used for cancer px
  • strong antibacterial
  • kills spores and other microorganisms
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8
Q

0.20% chlorhexidine: purpose

A

for moderate to severe gingival disease gargling

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9
Q

0.12% chlorhexidine: purpose

A

for everyday gargling

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10
Q

2 types of topical anesthetic

A
  • ointment type
  • spray type
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11
Q

duration of time to wait after applying topical anesthesia before injecting

A

5 minutes

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12
Q

found in topical anesthetics; responsible for wrinkling effect in gingiva

A

amide (vasoconstrictor)

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13
Q

types of dental syringe needles

A
  • 25 gauge
  • 27 gauge
  • 30 gauge
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14
Q

most ideal dental syringe needle size

A

27 gauge

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15
Q

4 most common anesthetic solutions used

A
  • lidocaine 2%
  • articaine 4%
  • bupivacaine
  • mepivacaine 3%
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16
Q

epinephrine concentration of lidocaine 2%

A

1:100,000 epi

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17
Q

(anesthesia) synthesized in liver

A

amide

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18
Q

(anesthesia) synthesized in kidney/blood plasma

A

ester

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19
Q

(anesthesia type) synthesized in both liver and kidney

A

articaine 4%

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20
Q

T or F: articaine 4% is recommended for children

A

F; can cause paresthesia

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21
Q

components of anesthetic cartridge

A
  • anesthetic agent
  • vasoconstrictor
  • distilled water
  • sodium bisulfite
  • sodium chloride
  • methyl paraben*
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22
Q

(cartridge) vasoconstrictor: purpose

A

prolongs the action of LA

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23
Q

(cartridge) distilled water: purpose

A

vehicle

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24
Q

(cartridge) sodium bisulfite: purpose

A

stabilizer

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25
Q

(cartridge) sodium chloride: purpose

A
  • buffer system
  • makes solution isotonic with body tissues
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26
Q

(cartridge) methyl paraben*

A

removed in newer anesthesia; causes allergic reax.

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27
Q

recommended sterile gauze pad

A

2x2

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28
Q

advantage of gauze pad over cotton

A
  • absorbs 10x more than cotton
  • cotton leaves strands
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29
Q

T or F: suturing needles are always put in sterile area

A

F; unopened = unsterile, opened = sterile

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30
Q

2 types of sterile saline solution

A
  • for irrigation
  • for infusion
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31
Q

syringe used for sterile saline solution irrigation

A

at least 10 ml syringe; 18g needle

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32
Q

difference between sterile saline solution for irrigation and infusion

A

bottle cap

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33
Q

recommended concentration for sterile saline solution

A

0.9 NaCl

34
Q

materials for elevating mucoperiosteum

A
  • molt periosteal elevator #9
  • # 1 woodson instrument
35
Q

molt periosteal elevator #9: purpose

A
  • used to elevate mucoperiosteum
  • used for separating gingiva from bone
36
Q

3 parts of dental forceps

A
  • beak
  • hinge
  • handle
37
Q

150 forceps

A

max. anteriors to bicuspids

38
Q

150 A

A

max. premolars

39
Q

151

A

mand. anteriors to bicuspids

40
Q

151 A

A

mand. premolars

41
Q

18 L

A

max. left molars

42
Q

18 R

A

max. right molars

43
Q

53 R T/C

A

max. molars; bend towards posterior

44
Q

88 R / L

A

max. molars; beak for grasping roots of tooth

45
Q

24

A

max. teeth (universal)

46
Q

210 S

A

max. 3rd molars only

47
Q

69

A

max. root fragment

48
Q

44

A

mand. ant. root fragment

49
Q

65

A

max. root fragment; bayonet forceps (curved)

50
Q

16

A

max. anterior to bicuspids

51
Q

17

A

max. right molars*

52
Q

other names for elevators

A

exolevers, luxators

53
Q

diff. between forceps and elevators

A

minimal damage to alveolar bone vs. forceps

54
Q

3 parts of elevators

A
  • blade
  • shank
  • handle
55
Q

3 basic types of elevators

A
  • straight type
  • triangle or pennant-shape type
  • pick type
56
Q

proper way of holding elevator

A

conventional manner

57
Q

luxators vs. elevators

A

(luxators) thinner than elevators

58
Q

2 types of scalpel blade holder (bard parker holder)

A
  • # 3
  • # 7
59
Q

scalpel blade holder: #3

A

flat

60
Q

scalpel blade holder: #7

A

rounded

61
Q

scalpel blade holder: #7A

A
  • angled for posterior area
  • convenient for removing 3rd molars
62
Q

types of scalpel blades

A
  • # 15
  • # 12
  • # 11
  • # 10
63
Q

scalpel blade: #15

A

for alveolar ridges (mostly used in OS)

64
Q

scalpel blade: #12

A
  • for inaccessible areas (i.e. sulcular incisions, tuberosity)
  • looks like sickle
65
Q

scalpel blade: #11

A

for stabbing incision and drainage

66
Q

scalpel blade: #10

A

for extraoral tissues only (i.e. facial incisions)

67
Q

instruments for retracting soft tissue

A
  • right-angle austin retractor
  • off-set broad minnesota retractor
  • senn retractor
  • seldin retractor
  • weider retractor
68
Q

senn retractor: purpose

A

for holding severe gross surgeries

69
Q

weider retractor: purpose

A

for retracting tongue

70
Q

T or F: mouth mirrors are not used to retract soft tissues in OS

A

T

71
Q

instruments used in controlling hemorrhage

A
  • hemostat
  • egg-shaped amalgam burnisher
  • bone wax
72
Q

hemostat: grooves

A

single row or parallel

73
Q

egg shaped amalgam burnisher: purpose

A

for adapting bone wax on bleeding bone

74
Q

bone wax: purpose

A

to cover bleeding on the bone

75
Q

bone wax: components

A
  • 70% beeswax
  • isopropyl palmitate
  • mineral oils
76
Q

4 ways to obtain hemostasis

A
  • assisting natural hemostatic mechanisms
  • thermal coagulation
  • suture ligation
  • placing vasoconstrictive substances
77
Q

normal bleeding time

A

3-5 or 3-7 mins

78
Q

normal clotting time

A

8-15 mins

79
Q

time it takes to deposit anesthesia to inflict minimal pain

A

1 minute

80
Q

possible occurrences if you inject anesthesia too fast

A
  • can affect other branches
  • diplopia
  • temporary paresthesia

Oral Surgery (2 decks)

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