Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

France_Loire Valley > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

How long west to east is the Loire Valley?

Where does it rank in size among French wine regions?

A

1,000 kilometers
3rd

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How did Muscadet get it’s name?

A

Dutch traders looking for a neutral, high-acid white wine that they could add to the botanical noix de muscade (nutmeg) prior to distillation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the 1577 law by the Parlement de Paris?
How did this impact Touraine?

A
  • prohibited Parisians from purchasing wines made within a 20-league (around 88-kilometer) radius of the capital
  • Touraine was one of the main areas to benefit but over the centuries the Parisian market didn’t want to pay a high price for quality. “By the beginning of the seventeenth century, Orléans wine was already banned from the royal table and it lost the last shreds of its reputation over the decades that followed.”
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

When did Phylloxera arrive in the Loire?
How did it impact grape varieties being planted after grafting?

A

1877

Sancerre switched from Pinot Noir to Sauvignon Blanc, while Cabernet Franc and Chenin Blanc gained popularity in Anjou-Saumur.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How did WWII effect the Loire?

A
  • During World War II, the Loire Valley’s wine regions were occupied by the Germans. Saumur was a center of resistance: weapons and documents were hidden in casks that crossed the line between free and occupied France, which was situated south of the river.
  • men in the region became prisoners of war, including Gaston Huet, who returned to his native Vouvray having lost one-third of his body weight
  • Vineyards fell into disrepair, with no one to work in them, and without fungicides or pesticides to control the spread of disease
  • Following the war, many young people left the countryside to work in cities, while those who stayed began bottling their own wines or organized themselves into cooperatives and started selling their wines in the bistros of Paris.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which areas of the Loire Valley has the most production?

A

Anjou-Saumur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What percentage of production in the Loire is AOP?
VdF?

A

78%
12%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the IGPs of the Loire?

A
  1. Val de Loire- 9% of all Loire Production
  2. Côtes de la Charité
  3. Coteaux de Tannay
  4. Coteaux du Cher et de l’Arnon
  5. Puy de Dôme
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What percentage of Loire Valley wine is sold in France?

A

75%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the biggest internationall markets for Loire wine?

A
  1. US
  2. the UK
  3. Germany
  4. Belgium
  5. Canada
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How long would it take to drive from Muscadet to Sancerre?

A

Over 4 hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the average cost of a hectare of vineyard land in….

Muscadet?
Vouvray?
Sancerre?
Anjou?

A

€7,000 in Muscadet
€26,000 in Vouvray
€210,000 in Sancerre
€18,000 in Anjou

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What and where is the Armorican Massif?

A
  • Oldest Rock formation in France
  • Covers northwestern France, and the western part of the Loire
  • emains of the giant Hercynian range of mountains from the Precambrian era. Looking at the landscape today, it is hard to believe that mountains were once here, as the land is low-lying, with only gentle slopes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What regions soils are formed by the Armorcian Massif?

A
  • Muscadet and other appellations of the Nantais region and the western half of Anjou, including Savennières
  • Anjou Noir (or Black Anjou) because of the dark soils that characterize the Armorican Massif. Granite, gneiss, multicolored schist, slate, and pudding stones are found here.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where is the dividing line between Anjou Noirs and Anjou Blanc?
What major geological formation begins with Anjou Blanc?

A

Just east of Angers
Paris Basin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What major geological formation is further upstream, or south, on the Loire past the Paris Basin?

A

Massif Central

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Characterize the soils of each…
Armoricain Massif?
Paris Basin?
Massif Central?

A

Armorician Massif - Granite, gneiss, multicolored schist, slate, and pudding stones from the giant Hercynian range of mountains from the Precambrian era 600 million years ago
Paris Basin - soft, chalky Cretaceous limestone, and some flint, formed from Cretaceous and Jurassic periods (67 to 195 million years ago)
Massif Central - younger soils Schists and granite predominate formed from decomposed Volcanoes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What parallel does the Loire Valley lie on?

A

47th

  • Only Champagne and Alsace are further north
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the climate of each subregion…

Nantais?
Anjou?
Saumur?
Touraine?
Central Vineyards?

A

Nantais - Maritime
Anjou - Temperate-oceanic
Saumur - Continental
Touraine - More Continental
Central Vineyards - Even more Continental

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the major climate risk to Loire vineyards?

A

Frost

Recently - 2021, 2019, 2017, and 2016

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are other climate risks to the Loire Valley?

A

Hail, autumn rain, mildew

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Where does the Loire Valley rank in sparkling wine production?

A

2nd behind Champagne

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How can sparkling wine be used as an insurance policy in the Loire?

A

Grapes that arent able to ripen fully can be used for sparkling wine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

List the rivers or tributaries of the Loire with wine growing regions from West to East and their regions

A
  1. Lay - Fiefs Vendeens - Only river that isn’t a tributary of the Loire
  2. Maine - Sevre-et-Maine
  3. Sèvre Nantaise - Sevre-et-Maine
  4. Layon - Coteaux du Layon (villages), Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru, Bonnezeaux
  5. Aubance - Anjou-Brissac, Coteaux de l’Aubance
  6. Thouet - Saumur, Saumur-Champigny, Anjou
  7. Venne - Chinon
  8. Loir - Anjou, Coteaux du Loir, Jasnieres, Coteaux du Vendomois
  9. Indre - Touraine (Azay-le-Rideau subzone)
  10. Cher - Montlouis-sur-Loire, Touraine (Chenonceaux), Valencay, Quincy
  11. Beuvron - Cheverny, Cour-Cheverny
  12. Amon - Reuilly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

How has rising temperatures in the Loire Valley effected the impact of frost?

A
  • Frost still takes place
  • Because overall temperatures are higher, and higher earlier in the season, when frost happens the vines are more physiologically mature and susceptible to damage
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

How much of France’s SB is planted in the Loire?

A

33%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What is the likely birthplace of Sauvignon Blanc?

A

The Loire Valley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Why are low vigor soils and/or low vigor rootstock preferred for SB?

A

It helps control SBs vigor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Why are low vigor soils and/or low vigor rootstock preferred for SB?

A

It helps control SBs vigor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Why is NZ SB so much more exuberant than Loire Valley?

A

The sunlight in NZ is far more intense

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

How would SB in the Loire be described in 2018, 2019 and 2020?

A

Very ripe with lower acid and higher alcohol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What percentage of France’s Chenin Blanc is produced in the Loire?

A

93%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Where is Chenin Blanc native too and what was it once called?

A

Loire Valley
Plant d’Anjou

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What is Chenin also called in the Loire Valley?

A

Pineau d’Anjou
Pineau de la Loire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

When does Chenin Blanc bud?
When does it ripen

A

Early - It’s managed with late pruning and requires frost protection
Mid Ripening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

How is Chenin Blanc’s vigor controlled?

A

Crop thinning
Pruning unwanted shoots

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

How can Chenin Blanc be made in multiple styles in one vintage from the same vineyard?

A

Multiple passes (tries) in a vineyard)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What is a synoym for Folle Blanche?
What does Folle Blanche translate too?

A

Gros Plant
Crazy White

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What are the parents of Romorantin?
What is it named after?

A

Pinot Blanc and Gouias Blanc
Village of Romorantin in Cour-Cheverny even though it’s native to Burgundy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

What is Pinot Gris called in the Pays-Nantais appellation of Coteaux d’Ancenis?

A

Malvoisie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What is the most planted red and white grape?

A

Cabernet Franc
Sauvignon Blanc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What is Cab Franc often called in the Loire?

A

Breton - Likely named after Brittany
Also, Plant de l’Abbe Breton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

How did the Project Cabernet France in the 2000s encourage winemakers to handle Cab France?

A
  • Pick riper to avoid green flavors
  • Ferment cooler to preserve fragrant aromatics
  • Use Oxygen to prevent reductivity and manage tannin
  • Use less new oak, more like Burgundy instead of Bordeaux
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

What is the 2nd most planted grape in the Loire Valley?

A

Gamay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Describe the style “Primeur?”

A

Light and early-drinking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What quality of Grolleau made it widely planted historically?

A

Very High productivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

Describe Pineau d’Aunis

A
  • Unusual and Ancient
  • Unrelated to Pinot family
  • Not a synonym for other grapes (Pineau d’Anjoiu = Chenin)
  • Make pale reds with suprising tannins and fragrant aromas
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What are the parents of Cot?

A

Magdeleine Noire des Charentes and Prunelard

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

What caused Muscadet to gain popularity in the 80s and 90s?
What did this gain in popularity result in?

A

It was a cheaper option on many lists in the UK
Caused plantings and yields to go up and quality to go down
A string of bad vintages in the 90s made demand go down and many vineyards were abandonned

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

What percentage of Muscadet crop was lost in 2021?

A

80%
There were 11 subzeron temperature nights in April

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What do the yields in Muscadet AOP compared to Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP, Muscadet Côtes de Grandlieu AOP and Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP?

What is unique about the allowed grape varieties as well?

A

Muscadet is 70 hl/ha - except for Sur Lie with is 55 but Sur Lie was disallowed from 2020 vintage on
The other appellations are 55 hl/ha

Only Muscadet AOP allows Chardonnay - Up to 10%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

Can wines from Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine AOP from subzones be labeled “Sur Lie”

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What are the tribuataries of the Loire that flow through Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP?

A

Sevre
Maine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What are the crus of Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine and when were they recognized?

A

Clisson - 2011
Gorges - 2011
Le Pallet - 2011
Goulaine - 2019
Château Thébaud - 2019
Monnières-Saint-Fiacre - 2019
Mouzillon-Tillières - 2019

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What is the yield requirement for Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine Subzones (Cru) designation?

A

45 hl/ha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

How long much Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine Cru (Subzones) age on lees?
How does this compare to the normal AOP aging requirement?

A
  • Goulaine and Le Pallet - April 1 of the second year following harvest
  • The rest - October 1 of the second year after harvest
    _____
  • Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP - None listed
  • Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP Sur Lie - The wine is bottled directly off its fine lees between March 1 and December 31 of the year following the harvest, and not marketed until at least March 8
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

What other AOP does Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP boundaries almost exactly overlap?

A

Coteaux d’Ancennis AOP

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

What is the main geographical feature of Muscadet Cotes de Grandlieu AOP?

A

Lac de Grandlieu

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

List the Muscadet producing AOPs and their hectarage

A

Muscadet AOP - 1,647 AOP
Muscadet Sevre-et-Maine AOP - 4,912 ha
Muscadet Cotes de Granlieu AOP - 204 ha
Muscadet Coteaux de la Loire AOP - 100 ha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

What styles are made in Coteaux d’Ancenis AOP?

A

Blanc: 100% Pinot Gris
Rosé: Gamay along with max. 10% Cabernet Franc
Rouge: Gamay along with max. 10% Cabernet Franc
Varietally-Labeled “Malvoisie”: 100% Pinot Gris
All Coteaux d’Ancenis wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

What styles are made in Gros Plant du Pays Nantais AOP?

A
  • Blanc: Principal Variety: Min. 70% Folle Blanche (Gros Plant), Montils and a max. 10% Colombard
  • Blanc “Sur Lie”
    • The wine is bottled directly off its fine lees between March 1 and November 30 of the year following the harvest, and not released until at least March 8
  • Folle Blanche may only account for a min. 50% of the encépagement through 2030
  • All Gros Plant wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

List the subzones or Geographic Designations of Fiefs Vendeens

A

Brem
Chantonnay
Mareuil
Pissotte
Vix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What river runs through Fiefs Vendeen and which subzones?

A

Lay
Mareuil and Chantonnay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

What is the main grape of each style in the Brem geographic subzone of Fiefs Vendeens AOP?

A

Blanc - Chenin Blanc
Rose - Pinot Noir
Rouge - Pinot Noir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

What is the main grape of each style in the Chantonnay geographic subzone of Fiefs Vendeens AOP?

A

Blanc - Chenin
Rose - Pinot Noir
Rouge - Cabernet Franc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

What is the main grape of each style in the Mareuil geographic subzone of Fiefs Vendeens AOP?

A

Blanc - Chenin Blanc
Rose - Gamay
Rouge - Cabernet France

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

What is the main grape of each style in the Vix geographic subzone of Fiefs Vendeens AOP?

A

Blanc - Chenin Blanc
Rose - Gamay
Rouge - Cabernet France

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

What is the main grape of each style in Pissotte geographic subzone of Fiefs Vendeens AOP?

A

Blanc - Chenin Blanc
Rose - Gamay
Rouge - Pinot Noir

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

What is the largest production region in the Loire Valley?

A

Anjou-Saumur - 15,463 ha

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Are the majority of the AOPs in the Loire Valley on the left or right bank?

A

Left Bank - South Bank

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

Describe the macroclimate of Anjou-Saumur

A

Driest and Warmest in the Loire Valley

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Where does Anjou rank in rose production in France?

A

2nd
Behind Provence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Which two AOPs account for the majority of production in Anjou-Saumur?

A

Cabernet d’Anjou - 45%
Rose d’Anjou - 17%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

What style is made in Cabernet d’Anjou AOP?

What is the rule on RS?

A

Rose and Rose Primeur/Nouveau

Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvginon - Blends of any porpotion or monovarietal is allowed

MIN 10 g/L RS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

What style is made in Rose d’Anjou AOP?

What is the rule on RS?

A

Rosé: Grolleau (Groslot), Grolleau Gris, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Pineau d’Aunis
Rosé Primeur/Nouveau

MIN 7 g/l RS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

What regions are allowed in Rose de Loire?
What is the rule on RS?

A

Anjou and Touraine

MAX 3 g/L RS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

What styles are grown in Anjou?

A
  • Blanc - Chenin, max 20% Chardonnay and Sauvignon Blanc
  • Rouge - Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon, plus max. 30% combined Pineau d’Aunis and Grolleau (max. 10% Grolleau)
  • Rouge Primeur/Nouveau
  • Anjou Gamay: 100% Gamay
  • Anjou Gamay Primeur/NouveauVin Mousseux Blanc: Min. 70% Chenin Blanc, plus Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pineau d’Aunis, Gamay, and max. 20% Chardonnay (traditional method, min. 9 months on lees)
  • Vin Mousseux Rosé: Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pineau d’Aunis (traditional method, min. 9 months on lees)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
77
Q

What were the light reds of Anjou called before typical reds became popular in the 1960s?

A

Rougets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
78
Q

What style is made in Anjou Village AOP?

How is this AOP differentiated geographically from Anjou AOP?

A

Rouge - Cabernet Franc and/or Cab - any porportion

Better sites - better exposure and earlier to ripen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
79
Q

Anjou Brissac AOP shares the same boundaries as what other AOP?
What style is made here?
What Loire tributary runs through this AOP?

A

Coteaux de l’Aubance
Rouge: Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon
Aubance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
80
Q

Name the sweet wine producing AOPs along the Layon River?

A

Coteaux du Layon
Quarts de Chaume
Bonnezeaux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
81
Q

Name the sweet wine producing AOPs along the Layon River?

A

Coteaux du Layon
Quarts de Chaume
Bonnezeaux

82
Q

What styles are made in Coteaux du Layon?
What are the RS requirements?

A

Blanc and SGN - Chenin Blanc - 100%

  • Coteaux du Layon: 34 g/l
  • Coteaux du Layon Chaume Premier Cru: 80 g/l (68 g/l prior to 2011)
82
Q

What styles are made in Coteaux du Layon?
What are the RS requirements?

A

Blanc and SGN - Chenin Blanc - 100%

  • Coteaux du Layon: 34 g/l
  • Coteaux du Layon Chaume Premier Cru: 80 g/l (68 g/l prior to 2011)
83
Q

What caused the sweet wine AOPs along the Layon river to lose reputation?

A
  • These vineyards have steeper hillsides and the AOPs demand hand-harvest amd are difficult to farm
  • Bonnezeaux and Coteaux du Layon, allow Chapatlization, but Quarts de Chaume and Coteaux du Layon Premiere Cru Chaume do NOT
  • Vineyards were abadonned because cheaper sweet wines could be made in other parts of the valley with mechanical harvest and chaptliazation
  • Since the 80s younger producers have realized the conditions are ideal and vineyards are being refurbished
84
Q

What is the only Grand Cru appellation in the Loire Valley?

A

Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru AOP

85
Q

When was the Grand Cru title award to Quarts de Chaume and why was it controversial?

A

The argument against Quarts de Chaume as a grand cru centered on the possibility that consumers would confuse the appellation with the existing Coteaux du Layon Premier Cru Chaume for reasons including the identical style of the wine, the proximity of the two vineyards (they are next to each other), and the very similar name - 2011

86
Q

What soils are found in Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru?
Size and Elevation?

A

Broverian schists and pudding sandstones
40 ha
25 and 75 meteres

87
Q

What are the difference between Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru and Coteaux du Layon Premiere Cru Chaume in….
Yield?
RS?
Must weight?
Alcohol

A

Quarts de Chaume Grand Cru
- 20 hl/ha
- 85 g/L RS
- 298 g/L
- 18% (11% acquired)

Coteaux du Layon Premiere Cru Chaume
- 25 hl/ha
- 80 g/L RS
- 272 g/L
- 16.5% (11% acquired)

88
Q

What style is made in Bonneaux AOP?
RS?
Chaptalization?
Yield?
Alcohol?

A

100% Chenin Blanc
51 g/L RS
25 hl/ha
15% (12% acquired, or 11% acquired if potential alcohol is at least 19%)

89
Q

What style is made in Bonneaux AOP?
RS?
Chaptalization?
Yield?
Alcohol?

A

100% Chenin Blanc
51 g/L RS
25 hl/ha
15% (12% acquired, or 11% acquired if potential alcohol is at least 19%)

90
Q

What is the style of Coteaux de l’Aubance AOP?
RS?
Chaptalization
Yield?
Alcohol?

What other AOP has the exact same requirements above?

A

100% Chenin Blanc
- 34 g/L
- Chaptalization is allowed
- 35 hl/ha
- (11% acquired, or 10% acquired if potential alcohol is 18% or higher)

Coteaux du Layon AOP - excluding Chaume Premiere Cru

91
Q

What style is allowed in Coteaux du Saumur?
RS?
Chaptalization?
Yield?
Alcohol?

A

Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
- 34 g/L
- Chaptalization is illegal
- 35 hl/ha
- 15% (11% acquired)

92
Q

What are the 3 communes of Savennieres AOP from north to south?

A

Bouchemaine
Savennieres
La Possonniere

93
Q

What are the soils types in Savennieres AOP?

A
  • Steep slopes of blue schist w/volcanic debris
  • patches of windblown sand and clay

Anjou Noir soils

94
Q

How many producers in Savennieres AOP?
How many of them farm organically?

A

40
75%

In 2001, the vineyard was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage site in recognition of its long history of winegrowing and the perfect adaptation of vine to site through the skill of generations of wine growers. The INAO has called the vineyard a symbol of la douceur angevine.

95
Q

When were the AOPS of Savennieres Coulee de Serrant and Savennieres Roches Aux Moines first planted?

A

Savennieres Roches Aux Moines - 12th century, when monks from the order of Saint-Nicolas d’Angers planted a south-facing slope overlooking the Loire that became known as La Roche aux Moines. A priory that was home to Benedictine nuns in the same period was also surrounded by vines
Savennieres Coulee de Serrant - 1130, when vines were planted by Cistercian monks

96
Q

What are the soils in Saumur AOP?

A

chalky limestone soils characteristic of the Anjou Blanc of the southwest Paris Basin

97
Q

What styles are made in Saumur?

A
  • Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
  • Rouge & Rosé: Cabernet Franc, plus a max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d’Aunis
  • Saumur “Puy Notre-Dame”: Cabernet Franc and a max. 15% Cabernet Sauvignon (reds only)
  • Vin Mousseux Blanc: Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cab. Franc, Cab. Sauvignon, Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pineau d’Aunis, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris
  • Vin Mousseux Rosé: As for Vin Mousseux Blanc
  • All Saumur wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label
98
Q

What is Saumur Mousseaux also known as?

A

Fines Bulles

99
Q

Where are Cremant de Loire producers centerated?

A

Saumur
Production areas are Anjou-Saumur and Touraine

100
Q

What are the similiarieties and differences of Saumur AOP Vin Mousseaux and Cremant de Loire?

A
  • Grapes - Same (Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cabernet Sauvignon, Pineau d’Aunis
  • Blends
    • Crémant de Loire AOP - Max. 30% combined Cabernet Sauvignon and Pineau d’Aunis
    • Saumur AOP Vin Mousseaux Blanc and Rose - Min. 60% Chenin Blanc, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
  • Less Elevage - Same at 9 months
  • Yields
    • Crémant de Loire (74 hectoliters per hectare)
    • Saumur Mousseux (67 hectoliters per hectare)
  • Harvest
    - Cremant de Loire requires hand-harvest
    - Saumur AOP Mousseaux does not!
101
Q

What is the difference in styles between Saumur AOP and Saumur AOP Puy-Notre-Dame?

A
  • Saumur AOP Puy-Notre-Dame is only Rouge - Cabernet Franc and a max. 15% Cabernet Sauvignon (reds only)
  • grapes must have potential alcohol levels of 12%, higher than Saumur Rouge’s 10.5%.
  • Yields are also lower (50 hectoliters per hectare versus 57 for Saumur)
  • the wines cannot be chaptalized
102
Q

What style is allowed in Saumur-Champigny AOP?
What does the name mean?

A

Rouge - 85% Cab Franc but in most cases it is 100%
- Latin campus ignis (field of fire), perhaps a reference to the high temperatures in this protected location

103
Q

What are the major geographical features of Saumur-Champigny AOP?

A

Loire River to the North and east
Thouet (Thouars) River to the west
Fontevraud Forest to the South

104
Q

What styles are allow in Hait-Poitou AOP?

A
  • Blanc: Min. 60% Sauvignon Blanc, plus Sauvignon Gris
  • Rouge:
    • Principal Variety: Min. 60% Cabernet Franc
    • Accessory Varieties: Gamay, Gamay de Bouze, Gamay de Chaudenay, Merlot, Pinot Noir
      Min. 40% Cabernet Franc through the 2021 harvest for both encépagement and assemblage
  • Rosé: Min. 40% Cabernet Franc, plus a min. 20% Pinot Noir and a min. 20% Gamay
  • All Haut-Poitou wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label
105
Q

What major geolographical formation does the Touraine subregion sit in?

What soils are found there?

A

Paris Basin
tuffeau, sand, clay, and flint, and alluvial terraces also have deposits of gravel

106
Q

What is the most planted red and white grape in Touraine?

A

Sauvignon Blan - 43%
Gamay - 21%
Cabernet Franc - 10%
Cot - 8%

107
Q

What styles are growin Touraine AOP?

A
  • Blanc: Sauvignon Blanc and max. 20% Sauvignon Gris
  • Rosé (still and Mousseux): Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, Gamay, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Meunier, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Pineau d’Aunis
  • Rouge:
    • Principal Varieties: Min. 40% Cot. Vineyards west of Tours have a min. 90% Cabernet Franc.
    • Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc, Gamay, Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir
  • Primeur/Nouveau: 100% Gamay
  • Varietal-Labeled Gamay: Min. 75% Gamay, plus Cabernet Franc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Cot, and Pinot Noir
  • Vin Mousseux/Pétillant Blanc: Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc, Cabernet Franc, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Orbois, Pineau d’Aunis, Pinot Noir
  • Touraine “Amboise”:
    • Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
    • Rosé: min. 70% Cot with Gamay
    • Rouge: 100% Cot
  • Touraine “Mesland”:
    • Blanc: Min. 60% Chenin Blanc, max. 30% Sauvignon Blanc, max. 15% Chardonnay (the amount of Chardonnay in the vineyard may not exceed the amount of Sauvignon Blanc)
    • Rosé: Min. 80% Gamay, plus Cot and Cabernet Franc
    • Rouge: Min. 60% Gamay, 10-30% Cot, 10-30% Cabernet Franc
  • Touraine “Azay-le-Rideau”:
    • Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
    • Rosé: Min. 60% Grolleau; plus Cot, Gamay, and max. 10% combined Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Touraine “Oisly”:
    • Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
  • Touraine “Chenonceaux”:
    • Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
    • Rouge: min. 50% Cot with min. 10% Cabernet Franc
  • All Touraine wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label
108
Q

What styles are allowed in Touraine AOP Ambroise subzone?

A

Touraine “Amboise”:
- Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
- Rosé: min. 70% Cot with Gamay
- Rouge: 100% Cot

109
Q

What styles are allowed in Touraine AOP Mesland subzone?

A

Touraine “Mesland”:
- Blanc: Min. 51% Chenin plus Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay
- Rosé: Min. 51% Gamay, plus Cot and Cabernet Franc
- Rouge: Min. 51% Gamay, plus Cot and Cabernet Franc

110
Q

What styles are allowed in Touraine AOP Azay-le-Rideau subzone?

A

Touraine “Azay-le-Rideau”:
- Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
- Rosé: Min. 51% Grolleau; plus Cot, Gamay, Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon

111
Q

What styles are allowed in Touraine AOP Oisly subzone?

A

Touraine “Oisly”:
- Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc

112
Q

What styles are allowed in Touraine AOP Chenonceaux subzone?

A

Touraine “Chenonceaux” - largest Touraine AOP sbuzone, situated along Cher River
- Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
- Rouge: min. 65-80% Cot plus min 10% Cabernet Franc

113
Q

What styles are allowed in Saint Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?

A

Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP
- Rosé: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
- Rouge: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

114
Q

What are the yields and pruning method allowed in Chinon and Saint Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?

A

55 hl/ha
Simple Guoyt

115
Q

What are the yields and pruning method allowed in Chinon and Saint Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?

A

55 hl/ha
Simple Guoyt

116
Q

What are the yields and pruning method allowed in Chinon and Saint Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?

A

55 hl/ha
Simple Guoyt

117
Q

What are the yields and pruning method allowed in Chinon and Saint Nicolas-de-Bourgueil?

A

55 hl/ha
Simple Guoyt

118
Q

What are the two main soil types in Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil and where are they found?

What style wines do these soils produce and when do they ripen?

A
  • Tuffeau - Upslope near the forest protecting the AOP from cold wind
  • Well-drained sandy-gravel soils (alluvial) - Down slope
    ____
  • Tuffeau - known for producing fuller bodied, longer ageable wines. Fermentation temperatures are likely to be a couple of degrees higher with longer maceration times and maturation in oak barrel
  • Sandy-gravel - lighter, fruity styles; winemakers ferment the grapes at cooler temperatures and extract gently to make an easy-drinking, light-in-tannin wine with little oak influence
119
Q

What is a large viticultural risk in Saint-Nicolas-de-Bourgueil AOP?

A

Frost

  • producers have been collectively buying frost fans and sprinkler systems
  • Following a severe frost in 2016, the project was enlarged. At a cost of €2 million, an area of about 420 hectares, or two-fifths of the appellation, now relies on the appellation-financed frost protection systems
120
Q

What is the largest red wine producing commune in the Loire Valley?

121
Q

What style is allowed in Chinon AOP?

A

Chinon AOP
- Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
- Rosé: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
- Rouge: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
Chinon wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

122
Q

What styles are allowed in Bougueil AOP?

A

Bourgueil AOP
- Rosé: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
- Rouge: Cabernet Franc plus a max. 10% Cabernet Sauvignon
Bourgueil wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

123
Q

What rivers run through Chinon AOP?

A

Vienne and Loire

124
Q

What are the soil types found in Chinon and where?
What styles of wine do they produce?

A
  • Sand, Silt, and River Gravels - lower, flatter lands close to the river in the Veron Veron Peninsula
  • Yellow Tuffeau mixed with clay - Coteaux (hillsides)
  • Sand and clay mixed with flint - top of the hillsides and found on the hillocks, known as puys, found in the Véron peninsula
    ___
    Sand, Silt, and River Gravels - early ripening, fresh, fruit and unoaked wines - machine harvested, light maceration
    Yellow Tuffeau - Best soils and wine - elegant, densely concentrated, chalky-textured, and ageworthy - hand-harvest, up to 25% new oak (5% of producers use 75-100% new oak)
    Sandy and clay mixed with flint - not considered as prestigious as the clay-limestone of the coteaux, also yield high-quality wines
125
Q

What are the biggest viticultural risk in Chinon?

A
  • Spring frosts and hail have wiped out some growers’ crops entirely in recent years. As a result, the maximum yield of 55 hectoliters per hectare is rarely reached
  • Lack of water due to climate change
126
Q

What is the most common rose method in Chinon?

A

Saignee - Direct press is also allowed

127
Q

What styles are made in Vouvray AOP?

A

Vouvray AOP
- Vin Mousseux/Pétillant
- Vouvray wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

128
Q

What soils are found in Vouvray?

A

Tuffeau
- Most slopes have a topsoil of clay or flint, or both
- The slopes are referred to as premières côtes, where the topsoil is clay-flint, a soil known locally as perruches

129
Q

What percentage of Vouvray production is sparkling?

A

60%
- it is rarely seen in export markets: 9 out of 10 bottles of sparkling Vouvray are consumed in France, while 2 out of 3 bottles of still Vouvray are shipped overseas

130
Q

What percentage of Vouvray production is sparkling?

A

60%
- it is rarely seen in export markets: 9 out of 10 bottles of sparkling Vouvray are consumed in France, while 2 out of 3 bottles of still Vouvray are shipped overseas

131
Q

How has climate change impacted the styles of wine made in Vouvray?

A
  • Traditionally, Vouvray producers attempted to make all styles, from dry to sweet, in the same year and sometimes from the same vines, achieved by making several passes through the vineyard during the harvest period.
  • This was not possible when the grapes did not ripen enough to make sweet styles, and thus these wines were highly prized in part for their rarity. But climate change has made it possible to achieve higher levels of ripeness more consistently and produce sweet wines annually.
  • Improved ripeness levels and lower acidity levels also make the production of balanced dry whites much easier; there is no need for sugar to hide very high levels of acidity or harsh phenolics.
  • In some warmer years, like 2018 and 2020, grape sugars can rise quickly, creating wines that have potential alcohol levels above 14% or even 14.5%, which are more suited to demi-sec styles than unbalanced, high-alcohol, sec styles.
  • The cool 2021 season also produced many dry Vouvray wines that would have benefited from more residual sugar to counter their bracing acidity.
132
Q

What are the RS requirements for Vouvray styles?

A
  • Vouvray sec - max 8 grams per liter (the level can be adjusted depending on the acidity content); - Demi-sec - 9-18 grams per liter
  • Moelleux - 18-45 grams per liter
  • Doux - 45 grams per liter or more
133
Q

What styles are allowed in Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP?

A

Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP
- Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
- Vin Mousseux/Pétillant
- Vin Mousseux à Fermentation Unique (ancestral method)
- Montlouis-sur-Loire wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

134
Q

Where is Vouvray AOP relative to the Loire river?

135
Q

What rivers is the Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP between?

136
Q

What style of sparkling wine is permitted in Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP but not Vouvray AOP?

A

Petillant Naturel
- 1-2 Bar
- must spend a minimum of nine months on lees
- must be disgorged, which is not always the case with pét-nat
__
Both AOPs allow for Vin Mousseaux traditional method sparkling wine

137
Q

What style of sparkling wine is permitted in Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP but not Vouvray AOP?

A

Petillant Naturel
- 1-2 Bar
- must spend a minimum of nine months on lees
- must be disgorged, which is not always the case with pét-nat
__
Both AOPs allow for Vin Mousseaux traditional method sparkling wine

138
Q

What soils are found in Montlouis-sur-Loire AOP?
What is the aspect of the inveyards here?

A
  • topsoils are mainly a blend of clay and flint. The bedrock is yellow limestone from the Turonian era
  • South - sit on a plateau or face the Cher rather than the Loire
139
Q

What style is allowed in Cheverny AOP?

A

Cheverny AOP
- Blanc:
- Principal Varieties: Min. 50% combined Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
- Complementary Varieties: Min. 16% combined Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc and Orbois
- Rosé & Rouge: (Min. 85% combined Pinot Noir & Gamay)
- Principal Variety: Min. 50% Pinot Noir
- Complementary Variety: Min. 16% Gamay
- Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc and Cot (Malbec)

139
Q

What style is allowed in Cheverny AOP?

A

Cheverny AOP
- Blanc:
- Principal Varieties: Min. 50% combined Sauvignon Blanc and Sauvignon Gris
- Complementary Varieties: Min. 16% combined Chardonnay, Chenin Blanc and Orbois
- Rosé & Rouge: (Min. 85% combined Pinot Noir & Gamay)
- Principal Variety: Min. 50% Pinot Noir
- Complementary Variety: Min. 16% Gamay
- Accessory Varieties: Cabernet Franc and Cot (Malbec)

140
Q

What style is allowed in Cour-Cheverny AOP?

Describe the grape

A

Cour-Cheverny AOP
- Blanc: 100% Romorantin
- Cour-Cheverny wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label
- Blanc: 100% Romorantin

Romorantin vines produce small berries and are relatively productive. The variety is high in acidity and can often be surprisingly full in body. The wines are typically dry, but late-harvest sweet wines are occasionally produced. Some of the best wines are made from old, ungrafted vines.

141
Q

What style is amde in Jasnieres AOP?

A

Jasnieres AOP
- Blanc: 100% Chenin Blanc
- Jasnières wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

Minimum Must Weight:
Blanc Sec: 162 g/l
Blanc (with 12 g/l of residual sugar or more): 212 g/l
Residual Sugar:
Blanc Sec: Max. 8 g/l (Total acidity must be within 2 g/l of the residual sugar.)

142
Q

What style is made in Coteaux du Vendômois AOP?

A

Coteaux du Vendômois AOP
- Blanc: Chenin Blanc, plus max. 20% Chardonnay - Can be 100% Chenin Blanc
- Rosé (Vin Gris): 100% Pineau d’Aunis
- Rouge: Min. 51% Pineau d’Aunis, 10-40% Pinot Noir, 10-40% Cabernet Franc, max. 20% Gamay
- Coteaux du Vendômois wines may use the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label
- All percentages above are for vineyard plantings, not for the cépage of the wine

143
Q

What style is allowed in Sancerre?

A

Sancerre AOP
- Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
- Rosé: 100% Pinot Noir
- Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir
- Sancerre wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

143
Q

What style is allowed in Sancerre?

A

Sancerre AOP
- Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
- Rosé: 100% Pinot Noir
- Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir
- Sancerre wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

144
Q

What were the areas surrounding Sancerre planted with before the appellation was made in 1936?

A

Chasselas and Gamay
- Chasselas was planted after phylloxera, it was popular in Paris

145
Q

What is the average price of a liter of exported Sancerre compared to other Loire whites?

A

Sancerre - €10.27
Loire. -€6.95

In 2020, exports totaled 82,147 hectoliters, worth €84.36 million

146
Q

What major geological features run through Sancerre?

What soil types are found on each sides of these features?

A
  • The Sancerre and Thauvenay fault lines run north-south through the town of Sancerre, with the land on the eastern side of the faults cascading toward the river

East of the faults - Silex
West of the faults. -Terre Blanches and Caillottes/Griottes

147
Q

What soils are found in Sancerre?

A
  • Terres blanches - named for the white appearance of the soils in the summer sunshine, are Kimmeridgian marls, which consist of clay and limestone.
  • Caillottes (or griottes) refers to limestone pebbles of differing sizes.
  • Silex - Flint found mostly on the eastern slopes of Sancerre
148
Q

Describe the characteristics of wines grow in each soil type in Sancerre…

Terres blanches?
Caillottes?
Silex?

A
  • Terres blanches - relatively cool, and grapes take longer to ripen than other soils. Wines are more complex and fuller bodied
  • Caillottes - produce more open, fruity wines
  • Silex - yields powerful, firm, and even lightly bitter styles

It is common for producers to blend grapes from different sites to create their main white Sancerre cuvées.

149
Q

How many lieu dits are in Sancerre?

A

400

  • Since the 1990s, there has also been a rise in single-vineyard cuvées and terroir cuvées, which seek to express one of more than 400 lieux-dits or a specific soil type
  • Thibaut Boulay, a Sancerre vigneron and professor of history at Tours University, provides evidence that the term climat was recorded in Sancerre several centuries before the Burgundians documented it.
150
Q

What percentage of Sancerre production is white wine?

A

85% - White
10% - Red
5% - Rose

151
Q

What method is most often used to make rose in Sancerre?

152
Q

What method is most often used to make rose in Sancerre?

153
Q

What styles are allowed in Pouilly-Fume AOP?

A

Pouilly-Fumé/Fumé de Pouilly AOP
- Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
- Pouilly-Fumé wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

154
Q

What styles are allowed in Pouilly-Fume AOP?

A

Pouilly-Fumé/Fumé de Pouilly AOP
- Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
- Pouilly-Fumé wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

155
Q

What is the highest elevation point in Pouilly-Fume AOP?

A

Saint-Andelain
- home to its most famous producer, Domaine Didier Dagueneau (although its wines have been labeled as Vin de France since the 2017 vintage)

156
Q

What soils are found in Pouilly-Fume?

A

Silex
Kimmeridgian Marls
caillottes

Many Pouilly-Fumé producers own or rent vineyards in Sancerre. It is no easy task to distinguish one appellation from the other, even for locals. Two wines grown on flint, in Pouilly and in Sancerre, may have more in common than two Sancerre wines tasted side by side.

157
Q

What style is made in Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP?

A

Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP
- Blanc: 100% Chasselas
- Pouilly-sur-Loire wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

158
Q

What are the boundaries of Pouilly-sur-Loire AOP identical too?

A

Pouilly-Fume AOP

  • Communes of Production in both AOPs: Garchy, Mesves-sur-Loire, Pouilly-sur-Loire, Saint-Andelain, Saint-Laurent-l’Abbaye, Saint-Martin-sur-Nohain, Tracy-sur-Loire
159
Q

What percentage of Central vineyards productions come from…

Sancerre?
Pouilly-Fume?
Other appellations?

A

Sancerre - 50%
Pouilly-Fume - 25%
Others - 25%

160
Q

What styles are grown in Menetou-Salon AOP?

A

Menetou-Salon AOP
- Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
- Rosé: 100% Pinot Noir
- Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir
- Sauvignon Gris planted before 31 July, 2009 permitted for white wine, but may not be replanted.
- Menetou-Salon wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

161
Q

What soils are found in Menetou-Salon AOP?

A

Portlandian and Kimmeridgian limestone

162
Q

Which AOP has the most organic vineyards in the Central vineyards?

A

Menetou-Salon AOP

163
Q

What style is made in Quincy AOP?

A

Quincy AOP
- Blanc: Sauvignon Blanc, plus a max. 10% Sauvignon Gris
- Quincy wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

164
Q

What river(s) run through Quincy AOP and Reuilly AOP?

A

Quincy - Cher
Reuilly - Arnon and Cher

165
Q

What style is made in Reuilly AOP?

A

Reuilly AOP
- Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
- Rosé: Pinot Noir and Pinot Gris
- Rouge: 100% Pinot Noir
- Reuilly wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

166
Q

What styles are allowed in Coteaux de Giennois AOP?

A

Coteaux du Giennois AOP
- Blanc: 100% Sauvignon Blanc
- Rosé: Pinot Noir and Gamay (neither may exceed 80%)
- Rouge: Pinot Noir and Gamay (neither may exceed 80%)
- Coteaux du Giennois wines may include the geographical designation “Val de Loire” on the label

167
Q

What is Cotes de Charite?

A

An IGP in the Central Vineyards
- Whites from Chardonnay and Pinot Gris
- Reds from Pinot Noir
- Small Amount of

168
Q

What is Coteaux de Tannay?

A

Coteaux de Tannay
- IGP in Central vineyards
- White wines dominate, made from Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Melon B, Pinot Gris, and Auxerrois.
- Reds, based on Pinot Noir and Gamay, account for 25% of production.
- A small amount of rosé is also made.

169
Q

What style is made in Orleans AOPs

A

Orleans AOP
- Blanc:
- Principal Variety: Min. 60% Chardonnay
- Accessory Variety: Pinot Gris
- Rosé:
- Principal Variety: Min. 60% Meunier
- Complementary Variety: Pinot Gris and Pinot Noir
- Rouge:
- Principal Variety: 70-90% Meunier
- Accessory Variety: Pinot Noir

170
Q

What style is made in Orleans-Clery AOP?

A

Orleans-Clery AOP
- Rouge: 100% Cabernet Franc

171
Q

What are teh styles allowed in Saint-Pourçain AOP?

A

Saint-Pourçain AOP
- Blanc: 50-80% Chardonnay, 20-40% Sacy (Tressalier), max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
- Rosé: 100% Gamay
- Rouge: 40-75% Gamay, and 25-60% Pinot Noir

172
Q

What do some producer in Saint-Pourcain AOP choose to bottle and label as Vin de Franc?

A

100% Tressalier (also known as Sacy)

173
Q

What styles are Cotes d’Auvergne AOP?

A

Côtes d’Auvergne AOP
- Blanc: 100% Chardonnay
- Rosé: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir
- Rouge: Min. 50% Gamay plus Pinot Noir

174
Q

What are most notable soils of Cotes d’Auvergne AOP?

A

Volcanic soils on the slopes of Mount Puy
- Corent subzone which is itself an old volcano, vines grow directly on volcanic ash deposits.

175
Q

What styles are allowed in subzone of Cote d’Auvergne AOP…
Boudes?
Chanturgue?
Châteaugay?
Madargue?
Corent?

A

Rouge only: Boudes, Chanturgue, Châteaugay, Madargue
Rosé only: Corent

176
Q

What styles are allowed in Cotes du Forez AOP?

A

Cotes du Forez AOP
- Rosé: 100% Gamay
- Rouge: 100% Gamay

177
Q

What major geological feature dominates the landscape of the Central vineyards region?

A

Massif Central

178
Q

What are the two IGPs in the Central Loire?

A

IGP d’Urfé and IGP Puy de Dôme

179
Q

Which AOPs are covered in the IGP d’Urfe?

A

Côte Roannaise and Côtes du Forez

180
Q

What styles are allowed in Côte Roannaise AOP?

A

Côte Roannaise AOP
- Rosé: 100% Gamay
- Rouge: 100% Gamay

181
Q

The Layon river cuts through which major region of the Loire Valley?

182
Q

Goulaine, Mouzillon-Tillières, Monnières-Saint-Fiacre & Château Thébaud are all Crus of Muscadet Sèvre- et-Maine added in what year?

183
Q

Name the original three Crus of Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine

A

Clisson, Le Pallet, Gorges

184
Q

Which of the following is NOT a major soil type of Muscadet?
a) Silica
c) Granite
b) Chalk
d) Clay


185
Q

Blue Schist is a soil type most commonly associated with which region?

A

Savenièrres

186
Q

Which sub-region of Anjou does the Loire River NOT run through or against?
a) Saumur-Champigny
b) Quarts de Chaume
c) Savennières
d) Haut-Poitou


A

Haut-Poitou

187
Q

Which of the following appellations is for red wine?
a) Anjou Villages Brissac
b) Coteaux de l’Aubance
c) Coteaux de Layon
d) Anjou-Coteaux de la Loire


A

a) Anjou Villages Brissac

188
Q

Describe the style of wine made by the Touraine Noble-Joué AOP

A

An historical Vin Gris style of Rosé made from Gris Meunier (Pinot Meunier), Malvoisie (Pinot Gris) and Pinot Noir

189
Q

What is the minimum sugar content for Quarts de Chaume?

190
Q

Coteaux du Vendômois Rosé must be 100%…
a) Pinot Noir
b) Gamay
c) Gris Meunier
d) Pineau d’Aunis

A

d) Pineau d’Aunis

191
Q

Pinot Noir grown in Pouilly-Fumé takes what appellation?

191
Q

1.

‘Vins de Tuffe’ is a label term most likely found on a wine from which region?
a) Sancerre
b) Chinon
c) Vouvray
d) Muscadet


192
Q

Which of the following is generally considered a poor vintage for Loire Valley white wines?

a) 2005
b) 2006
c) 2009
d) 2010


193
Q

Match the following producers to their iconic bottling

Domaine des Baumard
Didier Dagueneau
Guy Bossard
Domaine Huet

Asteroide
Cuvée Granit
Clos du Papillon
Clos du Bourg


A

Domaine Huet Clos du Bourg

Domaine des Baumard Clos du Papillon
Guy Bossard Cuvée Granit
Didier Dagueneau Asteroide

194
Q

The ‘Great Frost’ that killed most of the grape vines in Pays Nantais happened in what year?

195
Q

Can ‘Sur Lie’ appear on a bottle of wine from Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine Le Pallet? Why or why not?

A

No, the minimum lees aging time necessary to quality for any ‘Cru’ designation in Muscadet Sèvre-et-Maine exceeds the maximum allowed for ‘Sur Lie’ designation

196
Q

Match the following appellations to their primary white grape variety

Quincy
Cour-Cheverney
Coteaux du Vendômois
Coteaux d’Ancenis

Chenin Blanc
Romorantin
Pinot Gris
Sauvignon Blanc

A

Quincy - Sauvignon Blanc
Cour-Cheverney - Romorantin
Coteaux du Vendômois - Chenin Blanc
Coteaux d’Anceis - Pinot Gris

197
Q

What do the following AOPs have in common?
Valençay
Crottin de Chevignol
Sainte-Maure de Touraine
Chabichou du Poutou

A

These are Cheese appellations!

France_Loire Valley (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions