General Flashcards
Physical properties of building materials:
- Density/Specific heat
- Heat capacity
- Thermal conductivity
- Vapor transmittance
- Thermal lag
- Thermal damping
Types of Flooring:
Straw bedding
- Deep bedding (20-25cm)
- Superficial bedding (5-10cm)
Slatted Floor
Method of disinfecction:
All in/all out: Emptying the building - Cleaning (2d) - Disinfection (2d) - Rest phase (7d) - Animals in
Sterilization definition:
Elimination of every microorganisms (type and form)
Disinfection definition:
Elimination of the vegetative forms of pathogen microorganisms & lowering the number of saprophytic bacteria
Disinfectants MOA:
- Bactericide – destroys the vegetative forms of bacteria
- Bacteriostatic – inhibits bacterial growth
- Sporocid – destroys spore forms
- Fungicide – destroys the microscopic fungi
- Virucide – inactivates viruses
- Parasiticide – kill parasites
- Germicide – destroys every microorganism
Disinfection of drinkers:
- Removal of the water
- Physical cleaning: brushing
- 0.1g Chlorinated lime/10l water, 2hrs (must smell like Cl2 after 2hrs)
Disinfection of wells:
- Emptying the well. Chlorinated lime, chlorine-base.
- Cisterns - Like normal wells but double dose of lime or chlorine-base.
- Open ground well: 100ml Na-hypochlorite (90g/L) /m3 water. 24hrs waiting period
- Closed/drilled ground wells: 300ml Na-hypochlorite (90g/L) to the main pipe of the well
Physical methods of Sterilization and disinfection:
Heat - Autoclave, ironing, burning Irradiation - gamma, free radicals UV - sunchine, lamps Ultrasonography High pressure Microwaves
Biological methods of sterilization and disinfection:
Feedstuff/ manure fermentation o Competition o Heat production o Antimicrobial metabolites o pH
Chloride and chlorine-based compounds:
Sodium hypochlorite
Calcium hypochlorite
Sodium dichloroisocyanurate
Category 1 materials:
- Animals suspected of being infected by TSE (Transmissible spongiform encephalopathy) or the presence of TSE has been officially confirmed.
- Animals killed, including in particular pet animals, zoo/circus animals, experimental animals
- Wild animals, when suspected of being infected with diseases communicable to humans
Disposal of Category 1 Materials
Direct incineration in incineration plant or in co-incineration plant
Category 2 materials:
Animals and parts of animals that died or born dead, aborted embryos and/or fetal membranes and not listed in category 1 by-products including animals killed to eradicate an epizootic disease, manure and digestive tract content.
Disposal of Category 2 Materials
Processed in a processing plant, disposed as waste by incineration or disposed as waste by burial in landfill or disposed as waste by composting or disposed as waste by bio-gas production
Category 3 Materials
Parts of slaughtered animals, which are fit for human consumption, but are not intended for human consumption for commercial reasons
Disposal and processing of Category 3 materials
Animal by-products derived from the production of products intended for human consumption, including degreased bones and greaves. Defects which do not present any risk to humans or animals
Category 3 materials can be processed into:
- Pet food, dog chews and, technical materials other than fertilizers etc.
- Transported to the field (milk, colostrum)
- Use as fertilizer after proper treatment (sterilization
Specified risk materials (EC Regulation No 99/2001)
- CATEGORY 1: Country or region free of BSE
- CATEGORY 2: BSE provisionally free country or region where no indigenous case has been reported
- CATEGORY 3: BSE provisionally free country or region where at least one indigenous case has been reported
- CATEGORY 4: Country or region with low incidence of BSE
- CATEGORY 5: Country or region with high incidence of BSE
Airborne pathogens caused animal diseases/outbreaks:
- Foot and mouth disease
- Aujeszky’s disease
- Newcastle disease Virus
- Avian influenza
- The disease Q fever
- Streptococcus spp
- Fungal pathogens
- Disease complexes (respiratory diseases in swine and bovine herds)
