Gene pools etc

Question 1

define: population

Answer 1

: group of organisms belonging to the same species living in a specified geographical location.

Question 2

define: gene pool

Answer 2

sum of all the genes and all of their alleles within a specific population/entire species.

Question 3

define: allele frequency

Answer 3

proportion of one allele of a gene compared to all other alleles of the same gene.

Question 4

p =

Answer 4

frequency of dominant allele = no. dominant alleles/total number of alleles

Question 5

q =

Answer 5

frequency of recessive allele = no. recessive alleles/total number of alleles

Question 6

allele frequencies are between [ , ] and must add to __

Answer 6

0-1, 1

Question 7

alleles are FIXED when

Answer 7

the frequency of a particular allele is 1

Question 8

describe fixed alleles

Answer 8

(homozygous, all show the same phenotype for the trait). Because an alternative allele is lost, the gene pool has less variation.

Question 9

define: hardy-weinberg principle

Answer 9

• Allele frequencies in populations tend to remain constant, generation after generation, if:
o The population is large
o The population is closed (no immigration/emigration)
o All matings are equally fertile, producing equal numbers of offspring
o Members of the population must mate at random

Question 10

describe hardy-weinberg equilibrium

Answer 10

allele frequencies tend to stay constant over generations, and add to noe.

Question 11

describe hardy-weinberg equation

Answer 11

p^2 (prop pop with PP) + 2pq (prop pop with Pp+ q^2 (prop pop with pp) = 1