Gene Organisation and Transcription I Flashcards
What are the genes that are expressed in all cells called?
Housekeeping genes
How far is each base pair separated by?
0.34 nm
Is all RNA translated? Examples?
No. tRNA, rRNA, and snRNA.
Which strand is transcribed, sense or antisense?
Antisense a.k.a. template
What regulates transcription and how?
Transcription factors by bending DNA (modifying histones and remodelling chromatin) and making certain genes more or less accessible
What does RNA polymerase I transcribe?
rRNA genes
What does RNA polymerase III transcribe?
tRNA and 5S RNA genes
What does RNA polymerase II transcribe?
mRNA
What is the DNA sequence at which the transcription complex assembles called?
Gene promoter
What does the Basal Transcription Complex allow and how?
A minimal level of transcription via phosphorylating RNA polymerase II
Describe the formation of the Basal Transcription Complex,
TFIID binds to TATA in the minor groove. TFIIA and TFIIB bind. RNA polymerase then binds to TFIIB with TFIIF bound onto it. TFIIE, TFIIH, TFIIJ all then bind to RNA polymerase II.
How many TF II ‘X’ bind during the formation of the Basal transcription complex and in what order?
- D, A + B, polymerase + F, E + H + J
Why is TFIIB particularly important?
RNA polymerase binds to it
Which TF does RNA polymerase bind to?
TFIIB
What does TFIID consist of?
TATA binding protein (TBP) and TBP Accessory Factors (TAF’s)
