Gene Interactions Flashcards
One copy is insufficient to have full phenotype, can be considered haploinsufficient
incomplete dominance
Alleles can have more than one effect on an organism
pleiotropic
Both alleles are expressed in heterozygotes
Codominance
The phenotype is not always observed among individuals carrying the genotype
Incomplete penetrance
A phenotype that varies in intensity
variable expressivity
a gene interaction where multiple genes can all affect the same phenotype. Two mutations are looked at during a cross to determine if they are located within the same gene or different genes.
Complementation
two homozygous recessive mutants are crossed to see if progeny have a wildtype phenotype
complementation test
occurs when a double mutant shows the phenotype of one mutation, but not the other (one is overridden)
epistasis
occurs when a recessive phenotype overrides another phenotype
recessive epistasis
occurs when a dominant phenotype overrides another phenotype
dominant epistasis
9:3:3:1
Mendelian ratio, no interaction of genes
9:7
genes in same pathway
9:3:4
recessive epistasis
12:3:1
dominant epistasis
13:3
suppressor has no phenotype
