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CHEM 2N LECTURE > GENE, DNA AND CHROMOSOMES > Flashcards

GENE, DNA AND CHROMOSOMES Flashcards

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1
Q

Segment of DNA that has the information (the code) for a protein or RNA

A

GENE

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2
Q

DNA and the proteins associated with the DNA

A

CHROMOSOMES

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2
Q

help DNA coil up and form its shape

A

HISTONE PROTEINS

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2
Q

FOUND IN THE NUCLEUS

A

CHROMOSOMES

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2
Q

are really just the form DNA becomes in the nucleus when the cell is preparing to divide

A

CHROMOSOMES

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2
Q

regulate turning on and turning off genes

A

NON - HISTONE PROTEINS

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3
Q

Human have ___ chromosomes

A

46

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3
Q

two exact copies of a chromosomes that are connected together.

A

CHROMATID

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4
Q

The point where they are connected near the middle is called the _____

A

CENTROMERE

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5
Q

Are made when new cells are going to be made.

A

CHROMATID

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6
Q

Chromosomes are _________ so we usually see them in their double - stranded form

A

ONLY VISIBLE WHEN A CELL IS DIVIDING

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7
Q

two set of chromosomes

found in all the non - sex cells or autosomes of an organisms body

examples: human (46), crayfish (200)

A

DIPLOID (2n)

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8
Q

contains one set of chromosomes

In the life cycle of many animals, only sperm and egg cells (sex cells) have the __________ number.

example: human (23), crayfish (100)

A

HAPLOID

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9
Q

Gamete =

A

SEX CELLS

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10
Q

Fusion of gametes forms a ____

A

ZYGOTE

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11
Q

always has a full or diploid number of chromosomes

A

ZYGOTE

12
Q

chromosomes containing the same type of genetic information

one comes from male parent, one comes from the female parent

A

HOMOLOGOUS CHROMOSOMES

13
Q

what do you call the 46 chromosomes have been arranged in homologous pairs

A

KARYOTYPE

14
Q

Body chromosomes or non sex chromosomes (humans have 44 or 22 pairs)

A

AUTOSOMES

15
Q

XX or XY (23rd pair for humans) determines the sex of the offspring.

A

SEX CHROMOSOMES

16
Q

the first 22 pairs of homologous chromosomes are called ______

A

AUTOSOMES

17
Q

the 23rd pair of chromosomes determines the sex of the individual and are called ______—

A

SEX CHROMOSOMES

18
Q

Bacteria have a one single loop of DNA

A

PROKARYOTIC CHROMOSOME

CHEM 2N LECTURE (4 decks)

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